• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.203-211
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• 1995

This study was conducted to know how low temperature response of rice varieties is available for breeding lines adapted to cold weather. Some agronomic characters related to cold tolerance were evaluated for 188 varieties including three varietal types of Japonica, Tongil, and Indica. Cold tolerance of Japonica and Indica type varieties varied in leaf discoloration, heading delay, reduction of culm length, panicle number, spikelet number, panicle exsertion, spikelet fertility, and phenotypic acceptability at maturity, while Tongil type varieties were susceptible in most agronomic characters. In leaf discoloration, most Japonica type varieties were highly tolerant, while Indica type varieties showed various responses from tolerant to susceptibility. Not significant difference among three varietal types was observed on reduction of panicle number and spikelet number due to low temperature.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.16 no.2 s.75
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• pp.219-224
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• 2006

Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analysis were used to assess genetic diversity among 18 genotypes of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.) including breeding lines and commercial varieties. The 21 ISSR primers selected from 100 primers were showed the amplification of 105 reproducible fragments ranging from about 200 bp to 5000 bp. A total of 58 DNA fragments were polymorphic with an average 2.7 polymorphic bands per primer. The polymorphic primers were divided into 18 anchored primers and 3 non anchored primers. All of the anchored primers were di-nucleotide repeat motif, and was more polymorphic than non anchored primers. Eighteen watermelon genotypes were classified into two large groups. Clustering was in some accordance with the division of fruit shape into 18 watermelon. Therefore, ISSR markers may be suitable for variety discrimination and for constructing a linkage map of watermelon.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.28 no.12
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• pp.1686-1695
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• 2015

Molecular marker selection has been an acceptable tool in the acceleration of the genetic response of desired traits to improve production performance in chickens. The crossbreds from commercial parent stock (PS) broilers with four Thai synthetic breeds; Kaen Thong (KT), Khai Mook Esarn (KM), Soi Nin (SN), and Soi Pet (SP) were used to study the association among chicken growth hormones (cGH) and the insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) genes for growth and carcass traits; for the purpose of developing a suitable terminal breeding program for Thai broilers. A total of 408 chickens of four Thai broiler lines were genotyped, using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. The cGH gene was significantly associated with body weight at hatching; at 4, 6, 8, 10 weeks of age and with average daily gain (ADG); during 2 to 4, 4 to 6, 0 to 6, 0 to 8, and 0 to 10 weeks of age in $PS{\times}KM$ chickens. For $PS{\times}KT$ populations, cGH gene showed significant association with body weight at hatching, and ADG; during 8 to 10 weeks of age. The single nucleotide polymorphism variant confirmed that allele G has positive effects for body weight and ADG. Within carcass traits, cGH revealed a tentative association within the dressing percentage. For the IGF-I gene polymorphism, there were significant associations with body weight at hatching; at 2, 4, and 6 weeks of age and ADG; during 0 to 2, 4 to 6, and 0 to 6 weeks of age; in all of four Thai broiler populations. There were tentative associations of the IGF-I gene within the percentages of breast muscles and wings. Thus, cGH gene may be used as a candidate gene, to improve growth traits of Thai broilers.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.128-133
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• 2014

Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) oil with high oleic acid content is of great interest for both food and non-food uses. The 'Tamla' variety, characterized by oleic acid content of approximately 69%, was treated with 1% ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) to induce mutations in the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway. $M_1$ plants were selfed and subsequent generations ($M_2$, $M_3$, and $M_4$ mutants) were analyzed to identify mutants having increased levels of oleic acid. $M_2$ mutants showed oleic acid content ranging from 13.5% to 76.9% with some mutants (TR-458 and TR-544) having up to 74.7% and 76.9% oleic acid, which was an increase of nearly 5% and 7%, respectively, compared to untreated cv 'Tamla'. We selected two $M_3$ mutants with >75% oleic acid content. One mutant (TR-458-2) had increased oleic acid (75.9%) and decreased linoleic acid (12.5%) and linolenic acid (4.4%) contents. The other (TR-544-1) showed increased oleic acid content (75.7%) and decreased linoleic acid (13.5%) and linolenic acid (3.3%) contents. The accumulation or reduction of oleic acid content in the selected $M_4$ mutants was also accompanied by a simultaneous decrease or increase in linoleic and linolenic acid contents. The high-oleic lines could be utilized further in breeding programs for improvement of rapeseed oil quality.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.13-23
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• 2016

This study was conducted to investigate the growth characteristics of warm-season turfgrasses and to find out suitable turfgrass species on Saemangeum reclaimed land. Twenty native zoysiagrass(Zoysia sinica, Z. matrella, Z. japonica, Medium-leaf type zoysiagrass(hybrid zoysiagrass)) and bermudagrass(Cynodon dactylon) collected from Korea were used in this study. Total stolon length and the number of stolon per square meter, relative growth rate of shoot and stolon, and coverage rate were analyzed for 2 year. C. dactylon showed not only the most growth response with high relative growth rate of shoot and stolon, which were 19.9% and 66.3%, but also resulted in higher level of turf visual quality compared to others. Whereas Z. japonica showed the least growth response with low relative growth rate of shoot and stolon, which were 2.4% and 0.7%. Although all warm-season turfgrasses took root and grew up well, there were different growth rates between the interspecies. Z. sinica 'Z2034', Z. matrella 'Z4091', Z. japonica 'Z1064', Medium-leaf type zoysiagrass 'ZN6019' and C. dactylon 'BN7014' were the greatest growth rate of shoot and stolon. These results will be useful for selecting salt tolerant breeding lines and also used to develop a turfgrass cultivar with strong salinity tolerance through continuous monitoring.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.226-232
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• 1995

Extraction methods and instrumental analytical conditions were compared to establish a fast and appropriate analytical method to determine saikosaponins in Bupleurum falcatum. Using HPLC, analysis of diene-saikosaponin treated with 2% acid was faster than that of saikosaponin itself. Among various extraction methods, extraction by standing in methanol at room temperature showed highest efficieny, and extraction with boiling methanol was shorter in analytical time and showed good chromatogram. And we could analyze many samples faster using HPTLC but the analytical accuracy was low. In extraction and analysis of saikosaponins, extraction with boiling methanol and acidic treatment was fast and easy analytical method. And for selecting useful lines in component breeding, we think TLC method was better.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.95-99
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• 2007

The cost of conventional cultivation of ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) is very expensive, because shadow condition should be maintained during cultivation periods owing to inherently weak plant for high-temperature. Therefore, application of plant biotechnology may be possible to overcome these difficulties caused by conventional breeding of ginseng. Transgenic plants were produced via Agrobacterium tumefaciens Gv3101, both carrying the binary plasmid pBI121 mLPISO with nptII and Iso (isoprene synthase) gene. Integration of the transgenes into the P. ginseng nuclear genome was confirmed by PCR analysis using nptII primers and Iso primers. RT-PCR result also demonstrated the foreign isoprene synthase gene in three transgenic plant lines (T1, T3, and T5) which was expressed at the transcriptional level. When whole plants of transgenic ginseng were exposed to high temperature at $46^{\circ}C$ for 1 h, a non-transformed plant was wilted from heat shock, whereas a transgenic plant appeared to remain healthy. We suggest that the introduction of exogenous isoprene synthase is considered as alternative methods far generating thermotolerance ginseng.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.360-370
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• 2020

Background: Sophora flavescens AIT root is used as a herbal medicine in Asian culture. This study was aimed at selecting the best cultivars, by comparing growth characteristics, active ingredients, and antioxidant activities. Methods and Results: A total twenty nine accessions of S. flavescens were collected from five different regions in Korea. Plant height, leaf length, peduncle length, fresh root weight, and seed weight were the growth characteristics selected. Antioxidant activity was determined by measuring the total polyphenol (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC) as well as the radical scavenging activity of DPPH, ABTS and FRAP. Oxymatrine and matrine, active ingredients in S. flavescens were analyzed by HPLC. Results indicated that accession YS-11 had the highest plant height (152.5 cm) and peduncle length (54.0 cm). The fresh root weight was highest in JA-01 at 4.9 kg, while the highest total seed weight was recorded in accession BH-04 at 77.7 g. The YS-03 accession contained the highest oxymatrine and matrine total contents (0.9616% and 0.9638%, respectively). Accessions BH-02, YS-11, YS-05, and MJ-03 had the highest levels of antioxidant activity (p < 0.05). Oxymatrine showed a high correlation with TPC and FRAP. TPC showed high correlations with TFC, DPPH, ABTS and FRAP. TFC showed a high correlation with DPPH. Conclusions: The superior lines can be selected for use as standard variety breeding material by comparing the growth characteristics of the accessions.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.273-279
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• 2010

We evaluated 209 Capsicum accessions from the National Agrobiodiversity of RDA, for their reaction against of anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum acutatum. Two hundred nine accessions of Capsicum were almost composed with Capsicum annuum var. annuum originated from 37 countries. The percentage of infection due to C. acutatum ranged from 11.1% to 100% on immature and matured pepper fruits at 21 days after inoculation. On immature fruits of pepper, one hundred seventy three accessions of tested pepper were found infected with C. acutatum. Out of the 173 accessions, eighty five accessions were susceptible to anthracnose with dark brown to black lesions and slowly increased in size at 21 days after inoculation. Only thirty six accessions showed resistance against C. acutatum. On mature fruits of pepper, one hundred ninety eight accessions were infected with C. acutatum at 21 days after inoculation. Twenty one accessions showed a resistance reaction against C. acutatum. The results of this work indicated that all of resistance accessions to C. acutatum were have a genetic potential for the resources of resistance can be further used in pepper breeding programme against anthracnose and also demand more detailed investigation in this.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.279-282
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• 2012

Clinical-chemical traits are commonly used biomarkers to examine the health status of individuals. There is an appreciable range of normal variation in most clinical-chemical traits and the determining factors of this variation have been relatively uninvestigated in chickens. The aim of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters (i.e., heritability, genetic correlation) for 8 clinical-chemical traits (glucose, total protein, creatinine, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase and amylase) in an $F_1$ intercross established by purebred breeding among the 5 lines of Korean native chickens. Phenotypic data were collected from approximately 600 $F_1$ animals. The genetic parameters for the clinical-chemical traits estimated by a mixed animal model using the restricted maximum likelihood method were presented. Estimated heritabilities ranged from 8.9% (glucose) to 39.6% (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol). Interestingly, both the sign and the size of the genetic and phenotypic correlations were largely different between the same several pair of clinical-chemical traits. The findings in this study will provide useful information to address issues in both quantitative trait locus study and genetic management in Korean native chickens.