• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.1323-1331
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• 2020

Objective: Three types of dietary fiber were fed to sows during gestation and lactation stages to monitor their physiological and metabolic adaptations during the pre-partum period and to determine how these effects may influence the lactation period and sow performance. Methods: Soon after breeding, 54 sows were selected and were fed with 20% supplementation as fed of wheat bran (WB), soya hulls (SH), or rice hulls (RH) in diets during gestation and lactation. Sows were weighed, backfat thickness was measured ultrasonically and jugular blood samples were collected from all sows. The litter size was equalized to 10, by fostering piglets from sows on the same treatment. Results: Sows gained 22.0, 21.8, and 25.5 kg of net maternal body weight during gestation (for WB, SH, and RH sows, respectively; p = 0.007). There was no treatment effect on the body weight change during lactation (p = 0.158), however RH sows consumed an average of 133.66 kg of feed, WB sows took 121.29 kg and SH sows took 126.77 kg during lactation (p<0.001). The SH litters gained an average of 59.34 kg of weight during lactation, while other litters gained 51.58 and 49.98 kg (for WB and RH litters, respectively; p<0.001). Exception for aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, measured serum biochemical values were broadly in agreement with earlier reports. Despite the use of additional vegetable oil to balance the energy level, RH sows still had lower concentrations of serum triglycerides in late gestation. Conclusion: Different types of fibrous ingredients in the gestation diet influenced most of the investigated reference values for sows. The values of serum biochemical parameters were generally not affected by fiber type during the lactation stage. The SH supplementation for sows is an effective approach to give heavier litters at birth and weaning and to increase voluntary feed intake in early lactation.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.761-766
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• 2006

This paper describes a study on the performance of steam ejector by variation of steam pressure. Water temperature is especially important for good qualify of fish in an inland aquafam. In summer season, the water temperature increases above $25^{\circ}C$, but for good quality breeding or fish is the maintenance of optimum aquafam temperature by about $20^{\circ}C$. Therefore it is needed to drop the water temperature to provide suitable conditions of fish growth. There are many kinds of cooling system, in this study using steam ejector. After cooling the water in vacuum tank with the steam ejector then circulate this water to inland aquafam. In this way to minimizes fish stress that it is caused by water temperature. The objective of research confirms the difference of the case which there is no water in the vacuum tank and has water in the vacuum tank. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects on the performance of steam ejector by variation of steam pressure.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.118-125
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• 2019

Objective: This study investigated the effects of soapnut (Sapindus mukorossi) shell powder (SSP) on serum hormone level, egg quality, semen characteristics and reproductive performance of broiler breeders fed with a maize-soybean meal based diet. Methods: Ninety six female and twenty four male CARIBRO-VISHAL broiler breeders, 38-week old, were individually caged and randomly allocated to four treatment groups (24 female breeders/treatment and 6 male breeders/treatment): an un-supplemented control (T1) and three groups with 0.0176% SSP (group T2), 0.026% SSP (group T3) and 0.0528% SSP (group T4), to have supplementary saponin at 0, 50, 75, and 150 ppm, respectively, for 42 days. Results: The results indicated that serum (p<0.001) and seminal plasma (p<0.05) testosterone level, semen volume (p<0.001), mass motility (p<0.001), and live spermatozoa count (p<0.001) was increased in groups T3 and T4 compared to T2 and control groups. Compared with control group, total sperm count was increased (p<0.001) and dead spermatozoa count was decreased (p<0.001) in SSP supplemented groups. Supplementation of SSP did not affected the quality of egg lay. Compared with control group, fertility (p<0.01) and hatchability (total eggs set and fertile eggs set) (p<0.001) were significantly improved in SSP supplemented groups with the highest improvement in T3 treatment group. Embryonic death was decreased (p<0.001) in SSP supplemented groups compared to control; lowest embryonic death was recorded in T3 treatment group. Conclusion: Thus, it was concluded that dietary supplementation of 0.026% SSP (saponin equivalent 75 ppm) improved the reproductive performance of broiler breeders.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.261-269
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• 2021

Because sows are industrially vital for swine production, monitoring for their health or disorder status is important to ensure high reproductive performance. Especially, ambient temperature changes in different season, especially during summer, are directly influenced to the reproductive performance of sows. Although the serum biochemical parameters are widely applied in the veterinary medicine with wide ranges for the physiological process, the values are also influenced by several factors such as age, breed, gender, and stress. In addition, domestic sows in Korea-specific reference interval (RI) for serum biochemistry has not been established yet. Therefore, the present study was aimed to evaluate seasonal variation of RIs in the serum biochemistry in domestic sows in Korea at different seasons and to establish normal RIs using a RI finding program (Reference Value Advisor). Significant difference (p < 0.05) on the different seasons were identified in several serum biochemical parameters including BUN, CRE, GGT, GLU, ALB, TP, LDH and Na in sows. Therefore, we further established RIs, specific in domestic sows in Korea regardless of season. The established RIs based on the serum biochemical values provide a baseline for interpreting biochemical results in the domestic sows in Korea, regardless of seasonal effect. It may contribute to develop a strategy for better reproductive performance by improving breeding management practice and evaluating health of pig herds, which facilitate to avert the economic loss in summer infertility in sows.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.129-136
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• 2022

The most important part of the smart livestock building system is to maintain a breeding environment so that livestock can grow to high quality despite changes in the internal and external atmospheric environment. Especially, it is very important to maintain the temperature and humidity in the livestock building because various diseases occur during the summer and winter. To manage the environment suitable for livestock, a smartfarm system for livestock building is applied, but it is very expensive. In this study, we propose a hardware design and control method for low cost system based on HMI and fuzzy control. To evaluate the performance of the proposed system, we did a simulation experiment in the atmospheric conditions of summer and winter. As a result, it showed the performance of minimizing the temperature and humidity stress of livestock. And when applied to the livestock building, the proposed system showed stable control performance even in the change of the external atmospheric environment. Therefore, as with these results, if proposed system in this study is applied to the smart farm system, it will be effective in managing the environment of livestock building.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.37 no.8
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• pp.1463-1473
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• 2024

Objective: Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of Saccharomyces yeast postbiotics (SYP) in feeds for sows on the growth of offspring (Exp. 1), for nursery pigs on their growth (Exp. 2), and for nursery and finishing pigs on their growth (Exp. 3). Methods: Exp. 1 had 80 sows at breeding assigned to 4 groups with SYP at 0, 0.050, 0.175, and 0.500 g/kg. Offspring were fed a common diet for 126 d. Exp. 2 had 144 barrows at 8 kg body weight (BW) allotted to CON (no SYP); YPC (SYP at 0.175 g/kg; d 0 to 42); and YPD (SYP at 1.25, 0.75, and 0 g/kg; d 0 to 7, d 8 to 21, and d 22 to 42, respectively) with 8 pens/treatment (6 pigs/pen). Exp. 3 had 96 barrows at 8 kg BW allotted to CON (no SYP); YPN (SYP at 0.175 g/kg; d 0 to 42); YPF (SYP at 0.100 g/kg; d 43 to 119); and YPA (SYP at 0.175 and 0.100 g/kg; d 0 to 42 and d 43 to 119, respectively) with 8 pens/treatment (3 pigs/pen). Results: In Exp. 1, increasing SYP increased (p<0.05, quadratic) the sow body score (maximum at 0.30% SYP), reduced (p<0.05, quadratic) the days-wean-to-estrus (minimum at 0.27% SYP), and increased (p<0.05) offspring BW at weaning and their average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (G:F) at d 126. In Exp. 2, ADG, average daily feed intake (ADFI), and G:F of YPC were the greatest (p<0.05). The ADG and ADFI of YPD were greater (p<0.05) than CON. Fecal score of YPC and YPD was smaller (p<0.05) than CON. In Exp. 3, YPA had the greatest (p<0.05) ADG and YPN and YPF had greater (p<0.05) ADG than CON. Conclusion: SYP enhanced sow performance, offspring growth, growth of nursery and growing pigs with the greater efficacy at 0.27 to 0.32 g/kg feed.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.37 no.8
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• pp.1333-1344
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• 2024

Objective: Litter size and piglet loss at birth significantly impact piglet production and are closely associated with sow parity. Understanding how these traits vary across different parities is crucial for effective herd management. This study investigates the patterns of the number of born alive piglets (NBA), number of piglet losses (NPL), and the proportion of piglet losses (PPL) at birth in Landrace sows under tropical conditions. Additionally, it aims to identify the most suitable model for describing these patterns. Methods: A dataset comprising 2,322 consecutive reproductive records from 258 Landrace sows, spanning parities from 1 to 9, was analyzed. Modeling approaches including 2nd and 3rd degree polynomial models, the Wood gamma function, and a longitudinal model were applied at the individual level to predict NBA, NPL, and PPL. The choice of the best-fitting model was determined based on the lowest mean and standard deviation of the difference between predicted and actual values, Akaike information criterion (AIC), and Bayesian information criterion (BIC). Results: Sow parity significantly influenced NBA, NPL, and PPL (p<0.0001). NBA increased until the 4th parity and then declined. In contrast, NPL and PPL decreased until the 2nd parity and then steadily increased until the 8th parity. The 2nd and 3rd degree polynomials, and longitudinal models showed no significant differences in predicting NBA, NPL, and PPL (p>0.05). The 3rd degree polynomial model had the lowest prediction standard deviation and yielded the smallest AIC and BIC. Conclusion: The 3rd degree polynomial model offers the most suitable description of NBA, NPL, and PPL patterns. It holds promise for applications in genetic evaluations to enhance litter size and reduce piglet loss at birth in sows. These findings highlight the importance of accounting for sow parity effects in swine breeding programs, particularly in tropical conditions, to optimize piglet production and sow performance.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.89-94
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters and breeding value of swine using their economic traits. The traits considered were age at 90 kilograms body weight (D90 kg), backfat thickness (BF) and eye muscle area (EMA). Estimation of genetic parameters and breeding value from 18,668 heads considering the economic traits were based on farm performance data from May 2007 to April 2011. Estimation of genetic parameters based on economic traits revealed that the single best model was fitted after finding source of variance on fixed and random effects and estimated by a multiple trait model using DF-REML (Derivative-FREE Restricted Maximum Likelihood). In this study, the estimated heritabilities of Duroc, Berkshire, Landrace and Yorkshire were about 0.22-0.59 for the D90 kg, 0.47-0.62 for the BF and 0.23-0.37 for the EMA. Genetic correlation of D90 kg with BF and EMA of the four breeds were -0.01-0.24 and -0.35--0.23, respectively. Moreover, the genetic correlation of BF with EMA was -0.68--0.17. On the other hand, the phenotypic correlation of D90 kg with BF and EMA of the four breeds were about 0.01-0.11 and -0.37--0.21, respectively, while the phenotypic correlation of BF with EMA was -0.68--0.17. Results showed that the genetic trends of breeding value every year were decreasing for D90 kg, increasing for BF while for EMA inconsistent values were obtained.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.519-523
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• 2011

''Nokyang', a new high biomass yield and whole crop silage rice (Oriza sativa L.) cultivar, was developed by the rice breeding team of National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Suwon, Korea, during the period from 1996 to 2006 and released in 2007. It was derived from a cross between Yongmoonbyeo/IR67396-16-3-3-1. This cultivar has about 130 days of growth duration from seeding to heading and is tolerance to lodging with erect pubescent leaves, semidwarf (culm length 78 cm) and thick culm. This cultivar has less tillers per hill and more spikelet numbers per panicle than Dasanbyeo. 'Nokyang' has wide and stay green leaf compared other Tongil-type varieties. This new variety is resistant to grain shattering and to some disease including bacterial leaf blight and stripe virus. This variety has good qualities for whole crop silage with high TDN (Total Digestive Nutrient) yield and low NDF (Neutral Detergent Fiber) and low ADF (Acid Detergent Fiber) and high RFV (Relative Feed Value) compared to common high grain yield varieties. The biomass and TDN yield performance of 'Nokyang' is 1,652 MT/ha, 9.9 MT/ha, individually in local adaptability test for three years. 'Nokyang' is adaptable to central plain area, south-eastern plain area of Korea.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.595-599
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• 2011

'Goami 3' is a new japonica rice cultivar developed from a cross between Suweon464 and Daeanbyeo by the rice breeding team of National Institute of Crop Science, RDA. 'Goami3' has about 130 days growth duration from transplanting to heading in central plain area of Korea. It has a good semi-erect plant type and resistance to lodging of about 79 cm in culm length. 'Goami 3' had 15 panicles per hill and 104 spikelets per panicle. 'Goami 3' has very high amylose (29.5%) and high non-dietary starch compared with Hwaseongbyeo. This rice variety has slow senescence and 47% tolerance to viviparous germination during the ripening stage. 'Goami 3' is susceptible to leaf blast, bacterial blight, virus disease and insect pest. The yield performance of this cultivar in milled rice was about 3.92MT/ha by ordinary season culture in local adaptability test from 2005 to 2007. 'Goami 3' is adaptable to central and southern plain area of Korea.