• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.270-279
• /
• 2009

Purpose: This study was done to investigate the level of breastfeeding satisfaction, the relationship among knowledge about breastfeeding, attitude toward breastfeeding, self-efficacy of breastfeeding, intention of breastfeeding, and perceived social encouragement of breastfeeding and the factors influencing breastfeeding satisfaction in mothers 3~6 months after birth. Methods: For this descriptive research, 209 mothers who had been breastfeeding their babies agreed to participate in this study. Data on mother's satisfaction' knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, intention, and perceived social encouragement regarding breastfeeding were collected by closed-ended questionnaires on September 14, 2007 at a contest for healthy breast-fed babies. Results: The major findings of this study were as follows: First, there were significant differences in the breastfeeding satisfaction level according to planned length of breastfeeding (F=10.43, p<.001). Second, there was a significant relationship between breastfeeding satisfaction and knowledge about breastfeeding (r=.37, p<.001), attitude toward breastfeeding (r=.62, p<.001), self-efficacy of breastfeeding (r=.66, p<.001), intention of breast feeding (r=.40, p<.001), and perceived social encouragement of breastfeeding (r=.32, p<.001). Finally, the strongest factor affecting mothers' breastfeeding satisfaction was attitude toward breastfeeding ($\beta=.38$). Other factors included self-efficacy of breastfeeding ($\beta=.36$), knowledge about breastfeeding ($\beta=.14$), perceived social encouragement of breastfeeding ($\beta=.10$), and planned length of breastfeeding ($\beta=.10$). Conclusion: This study suggests that nurses should help mothers improve breastfeeding satisfaction through promotion of knowledge about, attitudes toward, and self-efficacy of breastfeeding.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.345-353
• /
• 2002

A survey was carried out to investigate the breastfeeding knowledge, breastfeeding rates ultra related factors among women in Seoul and the Chungbuk area, in order to obtain baseline data for the development of an education program on breastfeeding. Subjects included 671 lactating mothers who visited public health or pediatric centers, between December, 1999 and February, 2000 and were interviewed using a questionnaire. The results are as follows: In the breastfeeding knowledge, most of the subjects (93.4%) know correctly that 'breastfeeding is better for a baby's emotional development than formula feeding,'whereas only half of the subjects (51.7%) answered correctly the question on whether 'formula is more nutritious than breastmilk.'The breastfeeding rates were about 57%, 40%, 33% and 12%, respectively for baby's aged 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. These results showed that the breastfeeding rate rapidly decreased with the baby's age. Lower breastfeeding rates were associated with high educational level (college graduate and above), high income, mothers'employment, no experience of attending breastfeeding education programs, and no planning on breastfeeding prior to pregnancy. There was a significant relationship between the level of knowledge and breastfeeding practice; the higher the knowledge score, the higher the breastfeeding rate. In conclusion, an education program should be developed and offered for each low breastfeeding rate group, in order to promote breastfeeding.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.40 no.2
• /
• pp.225-235
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify factors which influence breastfeeding adaptation from among the following: parity and feeding behavior, social support, psychological, and demographic factors. Methods: The respondents were 179 breastfeeding mothers. Data were collected from June 2 to 19, 2009 at two community health centers and one pediatric outpatient department. Data were analyzed using the SPSS program and included descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, correlation, and multiple regression. Results: The major findings of this study were: 1) Significant differences in the level of breastfeeding adaptation were related to number of children, current problems related to breastfeeding, and lay supporters. 2) Level of breastfeeding adaptation was significantly related to marriage satisfaction, proportion of breastfeeding, length of previous breastfeeding, planned length of breastfeeding, parenting stress, and encouragement to breastfeed given by medical personnel. 3) Regression analysis showed that parenting stress, marriage satisfaction, current problems related to breastfeeding, and proportion of breastfeeding explained 44.3% of variance for breastfeeding adaptation. Length of previous breastfeeding also explained 9.7% of breastfeeding adaptation among mothers who had breastfed an elder child. Conclusion: Mothers with lower marriage satisfaction, breastfeeding problems, and higher parenting stress require more help from their family and nurses for breastfeeding adaptation. Future research should include variables, such as mother's and baby's behavior related to breastfeeding, knowledge about breastfeeding, and attitude toward breastfeeding.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.368-375
• /
• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine rate of breastfeeding practice at 3 months and to examine predictors for breastfeeding practice. Method: Study subjects were 114 mothers who gave birth at one hospital in Busan area. Data regarding breastfeeding practice and potentially related factors to breastfeeding were collected through a self-administered questionaire at 1 weeks and a telephone survey at 3 months. Logistic regression was used to identifiy significant the predictors on breastfeeding practice. Result: Rate of breastfeeding practice was 46.5% at three months of postpartum. The significant predictors for performing breastfeeding were lower the experience of breastfeeding trouble problem(OR=.88 compared with breastfeeding women, 95% CI; 78-.99), higher first breastfeeding satisfaction (OR=1.81 compared with non-breastfeeding women, 95% CI; 1.08-3.32), higher breastfeeding confidence(OR=1.84 compared with non-breastfeeding women, 95% CI; 1.08-3.32). Conclusion: The findings suggest the necessity of support program for mothers during the positive postpartum period to provide correct information about breastfeeding knowledge and attitude and to teach problem-solving skills for any breastfeeding problems for highere rate of breastfeeding practice

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a targeted, practical education intervention on university students' knowledge and attitudes toward breastfeeding. Methods: A university curricular intervention was designed for students to increase their knowledge and positive attitude toward breastfeeding issues. The participants attended a breastfeeding education lectures two hours of weekly for fifteen weeks in university; 61 students (female, n=31 and male, n=30) participated. The pre- and post-measurements included future breastfeeding intention, knowledge, attitude and perceived control beliefs scores based on the results of a questionnaire. Results: The statistical analysis results revealed a significant difference in the pretest and posttest scores (0.57 to 5.10 points, p<0.001) in regard to the students' breastfeeding knowledge. For female students, significant differences were observed in the future breastfeeding intention (p<0.05), knowledge (p<0.001), and attitudes towards breastfeeding (p<0.05) between the pretest and posttest scores. For male students, there were no significant differences in the future breastfeeding intention, attitudes towards breastfeeding, and perceived control beliefs scores after the breastfeeding education lecture. Conclusions: This study showed that the implementation of practical breastfeeding educational interventions helped improve university students' knowledge and attitudes toward breastfeeding. In summary, despite the limitations, it is necessary to pay more attention to improving students' knowledge and attitudes towards breastfeeding through university curricula.

• The Korean Nurse
• /
• v.35 no.5
• /
• pp.98-109
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this study is to identifY the problems and factors which are closely related to the breastfeeding practice in Korea. The subjects are breastfeeding mothers who have participated in the First Healthy Breastfeeding Child Contest. The 50.8% of subjects are resided in Seoul. The 68.3% of subjects are in their twenties and the 50% of them are high school graduates. Also, 81.4% of the subjects have no job. The 50% of subjects consider that the breastfeeding practice is good for the physical development and health of the child. The 73.9% of the subjects believe that the promotion of breastfeeding practice can be achieved through breastfeeding education through mass media. The 50.4% of subjects consider that the appropriate length of breastfeeding and duration is 9 months. Subjects did proper care of their breast and nipples and did proper measures for the breastfeeding practice. The 95.8% of subjects practiced breastfeeding voluntarily and their breastfeeding practice was not inhibited through factors which were given in the questionnaire lists. In conclusion, the practice of breastfeeding is mostly dependent on the efforts and the positive attitude of breastfeeding mothers. Also the friendly breastfeeding environments in terms of social norms and social practice are the most pertinent factors in promotion of breastfeeding practice.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
• /
• v.4 no.4
• /
• pp.208-245
• /
• 2017

Background: Attitudes toward breastfeeding in public are one potential barrier to optimal breastfeeding rates and durations. Method: Questions about breastfeeding experience and attitudes toward breastfeeding in public were asked in face-to-face interviews as part of the Korean Academic Multimode Open Survey (KAMOS), May-July, 2017. The response rate was 65.8% (2000 respondents nationwide). Results: A majority of Koreans disagreed (1 or 2 on a 4-point scale) with the statement "Women should not breastfeed their child in open, public places" (53.9%) and agreed (3 or 4 on the 4-part Likert scale) with the statements "I do not feel uncomfortable seeing women breastfeed their child in open, public places" (64.0%) and "Breastfeeding a baby, instead of letting the baby cry, in public places is better for other people" (71.8%). However, despite these generally positive attitudes, the majority also said that they would not breastfeed in public (57.4% of women) or, in the case of men, would not want a close female relative to do so (63.8% of men). Breastfeeding in public was positively correlated with the duration of breastfeeding. People were more positive about breastfeeding in public if they: were parents; did not use formula and breastfeeding a similar amount; had children who had been breastfed in public; were older; were Buddhists rather than Christians. An attempt was made to compare attitudes toward breastfeeding in public and breastfeeding durations internationally, but was inconclusive due to not perfectly comparable data. Conclusion: Our results may be useful in planning public health campaigns in South Korea or future attempts at international comparisons to better understand and address the effect of public opinion regarding breastfeeding in public on breastfeeding rates and durations.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.18 no.5
• /
• pp.457-466
• /
• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of breastfeeding education experience on knowledge, control beliefs, and future intention toward breastfeeding to consider the needs of breastfeeding education program of university students. The breastfeeding knowledge, control beliefs and related habits of 445 male and female college students were evaluated between September 1, 2011 to April 30, 2012. Data were collected from self-administered questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS for Window V.17.0. ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test and ANOVA were used for the calculation of differences between groups. The percentage of students who intended to breastfeed their baby was 80.7% (male: 73.6%, female: 84.2%). Only 21.6% of students experienced breastfeeding education. Students planned to get information related to breastfeeding from their mothers (32.4%), breastfeeding experts (23.8%) and Medical doctors & nurses (10.6%). breastfeeding education group showed higher knowledge level (14.46 vs 10.56) and control beliefs (3.48 vs 3.16) to breastfeeding than non-education group (p < 0.001). General attitude toward breastfeeding was similar between groups; the specific intention to breastfeed for 6 months was higher in the education group (83.3% vs 58.2%) (p < 0.01). Percentage of students who gave correct answers to knowledge questions related to breastfeeding was also higher in the breastfeeding education group than non-education group (72.3% vs 52.8%). Among 20 questions, only 2 questions showed no significant differences between the groups. These findings suggested that breastfeeding education was effective in encouraging or improving breastfeeding practices.

• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.348-357
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate encouragement experience on breastfeeding of health professionals, and the support in their hospitals on breastfeeding. A questionnaire on breastfeeding was administered to the obstetricians, pediatricians and nurses at the department of pediatrics or obstetrics of university hospital and private hospital in Seoul and Choong-Chung Province in South Korea. Total numbers of study subjects were 346 (pediatrician 67, obstetrician 41, nurse 238). Data was statistically analyzed according to descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and multivariant analysis. The results were as follows : 1. Most of the respondents (93.6%) had a knowledge regarding breastfeeding which had more advantage than formula-feeding. But their experience to educate the mother about breastfeeding was very limited (34.8%). The major problems were insufficient concern of healthcare professionals, no trained personnel's and lack of education programs on breastfeeding. 2. Most of the respondents (82%) had learned breastfeeding management in class at the university. But 2/3 of them had not been educated on breastfeeding management after graduation. 3. More than half of the hospitals had no breastfeeding education programs. And they recommended the formula-feeding to the mothers. 4. Seventy percent of the respondents recognized that breastfeeding information offered to the mothers in their hospitals might help to increase the rate of breastfeeding. But only 40% of hospital had offered breastfeeding information using pamphlets or brochures. In our study, a majority of respondents had not been educated on breastfeeding after graduation. A personal experience in breastfeeding is known predictor of confidence in breastfeeding. Educational programs may have an effect to change the health professionals behavior. Therefore, it is necessary to assist health professionals in obtaining more knowledge about breastfeeding. Continuing education programs to health professionals should be offered by nation and regional organization.

• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.89-98
• /
• 2017

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify effects of breastfeeding knowledge, attitude, and barriers on breastfeeding practice on twin mothers and to provide basic data for successful breastfeeding for twins. Methods: Participants were 151 mothers with two to twelve months-old twins. Data were collected from online support groups by an online survey. Results: Mean score for breastfeeding knowledge was $18.34{\pm}4.63$, for breastfeeding attitude was $3.61{\pm}0.51$, and for barriers to breastfeeding was $13.35{\pm}1.08$. The breastfeeding practice rate was 27.8% when twins were two months old. The breastfeeding knowledge was significantly different depending on mother's occupation, number of children, utilization of postpartum caretaker, and age of the children. There were significant differences in the breastfeeding attitude depending on gestational week of twins, planned length of the breastfeeding, and decision period for the breastfeeding. The practice of the breastfeeding was significantly different depending on the number of children. Factors influencing the breastfeeding practice were the breastfeeding attitude (p<.05), age of mother (p<.01), and the number of children (p<.01). Conclusion: An educational program and expert-led supportive system that is designed for twins are necessary, and they need to be included in prenatal care in order to have positive attitude for the breastfeeding as well as to breastfeed successfully.