• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.469-473
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• 2020

Breast cancer is growing rapidly year by year and has the highest incidence since 2001. As a result, the interest in mammography for early detection of breast cancer is increasing. However, mammography is accompanied by radiation exposure and therefore it is necessary to reduce exposure dose through appropriate test conditions. The significance of this study is that breast dose studies, which were limited to ordinary women, were applied to breast implant patient. Using MCNP simulation, the phantom with prosthesis inserted was developed to compare dose by tube voltage by pressure thickness. In addition phantom without prostheses has higher dose than phantom with prostheses. If these results were used as basic data, it would be possible to recommend test condition guideline only for breast implant patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the cause analysis according to the difference between the pre exposure tube voltage and actual exposure tube voltage in mammography in connection with breast pressure thickness, breast size and body mass index and to find the improvement. The study tracked 377 women age 40 and older among the mammography examiners conducted by the National Health Insurance Corporation. It was analyzed that breast pressure thickness, breast size and body mass index according to the difference between the pre exposure tube voltage and actual exposure tube voltage among the parameters of dose report been sent to the picture archiving communication system with reference to the image with cranio-caudal projection in mammography. As are result, it shows that the thicker the breast thickness, smaller the breast size and lower body mass index, the higher the difference of tube voltage. In conclusion, the minimum tube voltage of mammography machine should be reset in order to set the tube voltage according to breast pressure thickness and breast size that are suitable for our country in mammography, in addition, it was considered that radiologist should make an effort to reduce radiation exposure and make a good quality image with reducing the difference of mammography condition by making a correct exposure condition in case of examining the patients with thin breast pressure and small breast size.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.133-139
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• 2014

Background Various shapes and designs of the gluteal artery perforator flap have been used for treating sacral pressure sores and reconstructing breasts. To establish the ideal fasciocutaneous flap design for use in the gluteal area, the soft tissue thickness distribution was measured. Methods Twenty-one buttocks of adult Korean cadavers were analyzed through rectangular subfascial dissection. Each buttock was divided horizontally into 10 sections and vertically into 10 sections, and then, the thickness at the corners of the sections was measured. For the sake of comparison and statistical verification with living bodies, computed tomography (CT) images of 120 buttocks of patients were randomly selected. Five horizontal sections and 4 vertical sections were made, and the thickness at each corner was recorded. Results According to the dissection and the CT images, the area with the thinnest soft tissues in the buttock was around the posterior superior iliac spine, close to the sacral area. The thickest area was the superolateral area of the buttock, which was 3.24 times and 2.15 times thicker than the thinnest area in the studies on cadaver anatomy and the CT images, respectively. Conclusions The thickness of the soft tissues in the buttocks differed by area. The superolateral area had the thickest soft tissues, and the superomedial area had the thinnest. This study includes information on the distribution of the thickness of the gluteal soft tissues of Koreans. The outcome of this study may contribute to the design of effective local flaps for pressure sore reconstruction and free flaps for breast reconstruction.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.26 no.3 s.43
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• pp.347-358
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• 1993

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between the blood pressure level and their sexual maturity and physical growth in the children at puberty. For this purpose, we estimated the blood pressure, physical growth and sexual maturity of the boys of 335 and girls of 373 who are in the middle schools which are located in Kangwha County, Kyungki-Do. Both systolic and diastolic pressure were measured twice. Such physical growth as height, body weight, skin fold thickness, waist circumference, hip circumference and arm circumference were measured. The sexual maturity was estimated according to the classification of Tanner's 5-phase-sexual-maturity : in boys, their pubic hair development phase : in girls, their pubic hair and breast development phase and the menstrual experience. In the phase of the pubic hair development, the boy's sexual maturity was distributed into this; the 1 st 56.4%, the 2nd 29.3%, the 3rd 9.9%, the 4th 4.1% and the 5th 0.3%. While the girls sexual maturity was distributed into this the 1st 20.5%, the 2nd 34.9%, the 3rd 30.6% the 4th 12.6% and the 5th 1.3% in the phase of the pubic hair development, and the 1st 0.8%, the 2nd 13.7%, the 3rd 36.2%, the 4th 18.8% and the 5th 30.5% in the phase of the breast development. This indicated that the girls sexual maturity was higher than those of the boys. The girls menstrual experience rate accounted to the 58.2%. In order to see the relationship between the children's sexual maturity and blood pressure level, we regress blood pressure level on physical growth (i.e., height, BMI) and sexual maturity. Sexual maturity in treates as dummy variables. As the resulf of this analysis, the boys' sexual maturity has nothing to do with the blood pressure either systolic or diastolic. But the girl's systolic pressure was statistically significant ; the 9% of the physical growth, the 5% of the pubic hair development and the 4% of the breast development in sexual maturity was explained. In the girls' diastolic pressure, only their pubic hair development was statistically significant ; the 7% of the physical growth and the 7% of the pubic hair development in the diastolic was explained and the 5% of the physical growth in the diastolic Korotokoff phase IV and the 2% of the pubic hair development in the diastic Korotokoff phase was explained, especially, the girls exprienced menstruation, their systolic and diastolic pressure were significantly high (P<0.01). Conclusively, in the first grade children attending middle schools who are in the early process of the sexual development, the sexual maturity was not related to blood pressure level, on the other hand, the blood pressure level of the girls who are more sexual development than those of the boys' have something to do with sexual maturity and physical growth.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.167-173
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• 2024

In this paper, we propse a quantitative research by investigating the subcutaneous tissue elasticity by using ultrasonography in lymphedema patients after breast cancer surgery. Lymphedema patients who took breast cancer operation were included. Thickness of subcutaneous tissue was assessed at two spots; 10cm below elbow (forearm) and 10cm above elbow (upper arm), not only in affected side but also in sound side. By using probe attached to real-time pressure sensor, stress-strain curves were obtained. We defined tissue elasticity as slope of that curve at range of 7.5~15% of strain to avoid toe region. By comparing the elasticity of normal side and that of affected side, lymphedema tissues were classified into 'softer' and 'harder' tissues. Overall 30 cases of lymphedema tissues and 30 cases of sound tissues were checked. The difference of the elasticity between normal and affected side ranged from -3.98 N/m² to 1.40 N/m². The lymphedema tissues were classified into 17 softer tissues and 13 harder tissues. No demographic and clinical values, including clinical stage of lymphedema, showed statistically meaningful differences between two groups. Evaluation of subcutaneous tissue elasticity with ultrasonography and real-time pressure sensor could be one of the useful tools for investigation of lymphedema tissue characteristics.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.307-312
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• 2015

Mammography improves image quality that is on the increase day by day and get a picture with the pressure it is essential to reduce the dose. However, because due to the thickness of the cuff itself may increase the dose scattering lines is necessary study on the cuff material. Material that is currently being used in clinical Polycarbonate is a plastic and family. If you try to reduce the exposure of patients than itgie need to consider for the better material in this study to compare against a radiolucent line for amorphous plastic material of the plastic. results radiolucent and half layer, transmitting dose Pixel values HIPS, GPPS, ABS, Tritan, PC, PMMA showed high results in the net.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.405-414
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• 1998

This study was to evaluate the anthropometry, dietary attitudes and the other factors of 201 children in day-care centers according to their parents' income levels. The evaluation was conducted using anthropometric measurements such as height, weight, skinfold thickness, blood pressure, and questionnaire survey which was completed by the children's mothers. The results are summarized as follows: Overall growth of children was normal according to Korean standard. There were no significant differences in anthropometry according to the income levels. The scores of eating habits of children were different significantly according to income levels. That is, the score was the lowest in the low-income group. Children generally prefer one-dish meal or snacks, while the preference levels of kimchi, seasoned vegetable and beans broiled in soysauce were lower than those cf other foods. In the questions to know mothers' nutrition knowledge, we could see that they didn't know well about protein, breast-feeding, weaning and balance in nutrients. Nutrition knowledge score of mothers was significantly lower in the low income group, which shows close relationship with low-score eating habits of their children. The score of nutrition knowledge was affected by the mother's education level. The higher the mother's nutrition knowledge and education level, the better children's eating habits. These findings emphasize the planning and application of nutrition education programs for mothers especially in the low income group.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.376-386
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to determine the physiological responses and the Subjective sensations of the human subjects when 10 human subjects(5 males and 5 females) were tested with selected ensembles, including the uniforms of students, industrial and bank workers. For the study, garment material and design were selected, which was mostly used in Taegu area by the survey. Thermal manikin and the human subject tests were performed. The results were as follows: 1. There was no significant difference among skin temperature of head by season and among that of breast and back by all variables, however, there was a significant difference among that of belly by gender and that of thigh and shank by season. In addition, there was no significant difference among rectal temperature by gender and season, but there was a significant difference by uniform. 2. Mean skin temperature of male subjects was significantly higher than that of female subjects. Specially in lower environmental condition, the difference got larger. 3. There was a significant difference among purse rate of subjects by uniform, but there was no significant difference among those by gender and season. There were no significant difference among maximum and minimum blood pressure by gender, uniform, and season. 4. There was a significant difference in temperature of chest among gender and uniform, and there was no significant difference in temperature of back by season. In addition, There was a significant difference in humidity of back by uniform and season but there were no significant difference in that by gender. 5. There was a significant difference in humidity sensation by gender, comfort sensation by uniform and season, but there was no significant difference thermal sensation by uniform and season. 6. For the result of regression analysis, we got the regression equations as follows: Clo=1.810 Thickness+0.525, Clo=0.475 weight+0.863.