• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2014

목적 : 유방암을 진단 받은 환자의 자기공명영상에서 추가적으로 발견된 유두상 병변의 자기공명영상 소견과 수술적 절제 후 상향화 비율을 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 본원에서 유방암 진단된 환자의 수술 전 자기공명영상 1729건에서 지표 종양 외에 악성 의심 조영증강을 보인 병변 중 초음파 유도하 핵생검에서 유두 종양으로 진단된 21명의 환자의 22개 병변을 대상으로 하였다. 이 중 수술적 절제를 시행한 병변은 핵생검 결과와 절제 생검 결과를 비교하였다. 또한 이 병변들의 자기공명영상 소견을 BI-RADS MRI lexicon에 따라 후향적으로 분석하여 특징을 알아보았다. 결과 : 자기공명영상에서는 종괴 8예, 비종괴 7예, 초점 7예로 관찰되었고 초점으로 나타난 병변은 병리 조직에서 모두 (100%) 양성 병변으로 진단되었고, 역동적 조영증강 검사에서 고원형과 세척형 양상을 보였다. 양성 유두종 1예 (11.1%), 비정형요소를 가진 유두 종양 3예 (100%), 유두 종양 3예 (60%)가 수술적 절제 후 관상피내암, 침윤성 관상피암, 침윤성 소엽암 등으로 상향화되었다. 결론 : 초음파 유도하 핵생검에서 유두상 병변으로 진단된 병변들의 자기공명영상 소견은 양성과 악성을 예측하기에 특징적인 차이점을 보이지 않아 영상소견만으로 양성과 악성을 구분할 수 없으며 다수에서 수술적 절제 후 조직학적 상향화를 보여 (41.2%, 7/17) 반드시 수술적 절제를 통한 확진이 필요할 것이다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.1313-1318
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• 2007

The objective of this study was to examine the psychological distress in women with breast cancer. Subjects were 25 women with breast cancer and 25 healthy women, who were recruited from January 2005 to September 2006 at Dunsan oriental hospital of Daejeon university. Psychological distress were assessed using SCL-90-R(Symptom-Check-List-90-Revised), and diagnosis of sasang constitution was done by QSCCII (Ousestionnare for Sasang Constitution Classification II). Psychological distress were significantly showed in breast cancer patients compared with healthy women. They are associated with unmarried or divorced women, lower level of education, and longer time lapse after diagnosis. Especially, phobic anxiety was significantly higher in Soeumin than Taeumin and Soyangin. These results lead us to the conclusion that it is necessary to psychological stabilization by various method in care program of breast cancer.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.117-123
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• 2011

방사광 영상은 내부가 보이지 않는 생물학적 검체의 구조를 관찰하는데 사용될 수 있으며, 조직의 고정이나 염색없이 비침습적으로 조직의 미세 구조를 관찰하는데 유용하다. 본 연구에서는 포항방사광가속기의 1B2 빔라인에서 개발한 경엑스선(hard X-ray) 현미경을 이용하여 11.1 KeV의 에너지에서 인간 유방 조직의 현미경적 영상을 얻고자 하였으며, 고해상도의 영상을 얻기 위해 동심원 회전판(zone plate)과 위상차 영상기법을 사용하였다. 실험 결과 경 엑스선 현미경을 이용하여 유방 섬유낭성변화와 유방암 조직의 방사광 미세 영상을 얻었으며, 이들 영상의 공간 해상도는 60 nm로 각각의 유방 조직의 미세 구조를 관찰하기에 충분하였다. 또한 방사광 미세 영상과 기존의 유방촬영 영상을 비교하였을 때, 방사광 미세 영상에서 각 조직의 특징적인 형태학적 변화가 더 뚜렷하게 나타나는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 결론적으로, 경엑스선 위상차 현미경을 이용한 방사광 영상은 유방 질환의 진단에 많은 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 생각되며, 임상적으로나 여러 연구 목적으로 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.169-181
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• 1997

In this study, I made researches of 510 mothers who breed their infants in total (256 boys & 254 girls), among which 410 in urban area and 100 in the rural area, as an object of the investigation so as to make an intensive examination and analysis of the actual state of feeding nutritive method, grasp several related factors, and finally suggest the elementary data for both campaign encouraging breast feeding and the infant feeding education. 1. Mothers showed the meaningful local differences as in an education and income level at 1% and as in a delivery type at 5%. 2. To have decided the feeding conditions according to the residences by the Kaup index distribution (P<0.05) resulted in a meaningful difference according to regions and also made us be more thoughtful of the overnutrition in the urban area than in the rural area, and it didn't showed a meaningful difference the nutritive state according to the infant feeding method thought desirable (P<0.01). 3. The feeding methods consist of breast feeding at 21.8%, artificial feeding at 48.8%, and the mixed one at 29.4%. As for the feeding method thought desirable, breast feeding was 52%. Even though they were thinking that breast feeding is better, the breast feeding case didn't go beyond 32.5% only and as for the actual feeding methods it showed a meaningful difference according to the feeding method thought desirable (P<0.01). 4. Regarding the reasons why they chose breast milk, it was 64%, the most because mother's milk contains the immune system, 63.1% for the baby's health, 52.3% because of its most because breast milk is of little quantity, 37.8% because of the mother's occupation, 14.1% because they have fed the baby artificially from the beginning and so on. Considering the reasons why they chose the mixed feeding, it was 70.7%, the most because the amount of breast milk a little, 27.3%, the next one, because of the mother's occupation and so on. 5. The respondents who answered that how to increase the number of breast feeding population depends on the reinforcement of breast feeding education for the women were 190 (37.3%), the most among all 150 persons and those who had the opinion that they should spread and actualize the temporary childcare rest (from office) system for the women who have jobs were the secondly most, 107 (21%).

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.146-156
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• 2024

Objective: Automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) is a relevant imaging technique for early breast cancer diagnosis and is increasingly being used as a supplementary tool for mammography. This study compared the performance of ABUS and handheld ultrasound (HHUS) in detecting and characterizing the axillary lymph nodes (LNs) in patients with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of women with recently diagnosed early breast cancer (≤ T2) who underwent both ABUS and HHUS examinations for axilla (September 2017-May 2018). ABUS and HHUS findings were compared using pathological outcomes as reference standards. Diagnostic performance in predicting any axillary LN metastasis and heavy nodal-burden metastases (i.e., ≥ 3 LNs) was evaluated. The ABUS-HHUS agreement for visibility and US findings was calculated. Results: The study included 377 women (53.1 ± 11.1 years). Among 385 breast cancers in 377 patients, 101 had axillary LN metastases and 30 had heavy nodal burden metastases. ABUS identified benign-looking or suspicious axillary LNs (average, 1.4 ± 0.8) in 246 axillae (63.9%, 246/385). According to the per-breast analysis, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy of ABUS in predicting axillary LN metastases were 43.6% (44/101), 95.1% (270/284), 75.9% (44/58), 82.6% (270/327), and 81.6% (314/385), respectively. The corresponding results for HHUS were 41.6% (42/101), 95.1% (270/284), 75.0% (42/56), 82.1% (270/329), and 81.0% (312/385), respectively, which were not significantly different from those of ABUS (P ≥ 0.53). The performance results for heavy nodal-burden metastases were 70.0% (21/30), 89.6% (318/355), 36.2% (21/58), 97.3% (318/327), and 88.1% (339/385), respectively, for ABUS and 66.7% (20/30), 89.9% (319/355), 35.7% (20/56), 97.0% (319/329), and 88.1% (339/385), respectively, for HHUS, also not showing significant difference (P ≥ 0.57). The ABUS-HHUS agreement was 95.9% (236/246; Cohen's kappa = 0.883). Conclusion: Although ABUS showed limited sensitivity in diagnosing axillary LN metastasis in early breast cancer, it was still useful as the performance was comparable to that of HHUS.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제81권2호
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• pp.395-408
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• 2020

목적 유방암 일차치료 후 조기 재발 예측에 도움이 되는 임상병리학적 인자 및 원발암의 영상의학적 특징을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법 본원에서 2010년 1월부터 2014년 12월까지 유방 보존 수술 및 보조요법 치료 후 추적관찰을 받은 480명을 대상으로 하였다. 일차치료 완결 후 3년 이내 재발한 경우를 조기재발으로 정의하고, 이와 관련된 임상병리학적 및 영상의학적 예측인자를 알아보기 위해 단변량 및 다변량 로지스틱 회귀분석을 시행하였다. 결과 단변량 분석에서 임상병리학적 인자 중 높은 종양 병기(p = 0.021), 고등급 조직학적 분화도(p < 0.001), estrogen receptor 수용체 음성(p = 0.002), Ki-67 과발현(p = 0.017), 삼중음성유방 아형(p = 0.019)과, 영상 소견 중 유방암의 다초점성(p < 0.001), 도플러 검사에서 테두리 혈류(p = 0.012), 자기공명영상에서 테두리 조영증강(p < 0.001)이 조기 재발과 유의한 연관성을 보였다. 다변량 분석에서 원발암의 높은 종양 병기[odds ratio (이하 OR) = 3.47, 95% confidence interval (이하 CI) 1.12~10.73, p = 0.031]와 도플러 검사에서 테두리 혈류 (OR = 3.32, 95% CI 1.38~8.02,p = 0.008)가 조기 재발과 관련된 독립적인 예측인자였다. 결론 유방암 치료 전 도플러 검사에서 원발암의 테두리 혈류 소견은 유방암의 일차치료 후 조기 재발의 독립적인 영상의학적 예측인자이다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.866-877
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• 2022

Objective: The optimal imaging approach for evaluating pathological nipple discharge remains unclear. We investigated the value of adding ductography to ultrasound (US) for evaluating pathologic nipple discharge in patients with negative mammography findings. Materials and Methods: From July 2003 to December 2018, 101 women (mean age, 46.3 ± 12.2 years; range, 23-75 years) with pathologic nipple discharge were evaluated using pre-ductography (initial) US, ductography, and post-ductography US. The imaging findings were reviewed retrospectively. The standard reference was surgery (70 patients) or > 2 years of follow-up with US (31 patients). The diagnostic performances of initial US, ductography, and post-ductography US for detecting malignancy were compared using the McNemar's test or a generalized estimating equation. Results: In total, 47 papillomas, 30 other benign lesions, seven high-risk lesions, and 17 malignant lesions were identified as underlying causes of pathologic nipple discharge. Only eight of the 17 malignancies were detected on the initial US, while the remaining nine malignancies were detected by ductography. Among the nine malignancies detected by ductography, eight were detected on post-ductography US and could be localized for US-guided intervention. The sensitivities of ductography (94.1% [16/17]) and post-ductography US (94.1% [16/17]) were significantly higher than those of initial US (47.1% [8/17]; p = 0.027 and 0.013, respectively). The negative predictive value of post-ductography US (96.9% [31/32]) was significantly higher than that of the initial US (83.3% [45/54]; p = 0.006). Specificity was significantly higher for initial US than for ductography and post-ductography US (p = 0.001 for all). Conclusion: The combined use of ductography and US has a high sensitivity for detecting malignancy in patients with pathologic nipple discharge and negative mammography. Ductography findings enable lesion localization on second-look post-ductography US, thus facilitating the selection of optimal treatment plans.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.157-162
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• 1996

Fine needle aspiration(FNA) is an effective tool in diagnosing mammary carcinoma. We experienced 7 cases of histologically confirmed mammary mucinous carcinoma among 3,052 aspirated cases of breast from 1992 to 1996 in Asan Medical Center. The average age of the patient was 48(33-64) years. The mean size of the lesions was $1.6(0.7{\sim}3)cm$, and they were palpated as well-defined, firm to hard masses. The cytologic features that may be useful in making a FNA diagnosis of mucinous carcinoma of the breast were analysed. Mucinous background and tumor cell clusters with occasional single cells were observed in all cases. Among them, two cases showed abundant scattered single cells, whereas only few single cells were seen in the other two cases. Tumor cells exhibited mild pleomorphism in four cases and moderate pleomorphism in three cases. Nucleoli tended to be not prominent and are observed in three cases, rarely noted in other three cases and not seen in one. There was microcalcification in four cases(57%). In conclusion, mucinous background and clustered tumor cells showing mild to moderate pleomorphism with characteristic clinical findings allow us to diagnose mucinous carcinoma of the breast.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.4555-4561
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• 2015

Background: Mammography screening is a method for reducing breast cancer mortality in women over 40 years old. A participation rate of at least 70% is a prerequisite for screening programs. This study aimed at determining the participation rate of women in breast cancer screening in Iran. Materials and Methods: The study population in this prospective research consisted of 35 to 69 years old women in the villages and towns Kerman District, in 2013. The data were collected by a well-validated risk assessment questionnaire. The questionnaires were completed with the help of health workers and technicians in the health centers, who were trained on breast cancer screening program. Results: As a whole, 19,651 women were invited to complete the questionnaire, of whom 15,794 women (80.37%) completed it. In the urban region, of 3150 eligible women 2728 women (86.60%) participated in the study. The acceptance rates for mammography in rural and urban regions were 34.95% and 8.75%, respectively. Conclusions: Finally, 3.8% and 16.34% of 35 to 69 years old women in the urban regions were mammographed, respectively. Conclusion: The low participation of eligible women in breast cancer screening program alerts us against including the program in the health insurance package.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.5095-5099
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• 2016

The relative lack of information on breast cancer etiology in Burkina Faso led us to undertake the present work to highlight risk factors. This prospective study was conducted using a questionnaire between January 2015 and February 2016 on women admitted to Yalgado OUEDRAOGO hospital, for consultation or supervision. The characteristics of multiparous breast cancer patients (n = 44) were compared with their non-multiparous counterparts (n = 36). The study found that increased risk of breast cancer among non-multiparous cases was related to body mass index (BMI) (p <0.001), age at menopause (p <0.004) and use of oral contraception (p <0.021) while abortion (p <0.002) was a risk factor among multiparous cases. These results suggest that even if multiparity is associated with a decreased risk in some women, avoidance of abortion during reproductive life should be recommended. The results provide preliminary information, which now need to be supplemented by survey of a larger sample in the national territory.