• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.69-82
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• 2019

In 2017, the American Joint Committee on Cancer announced the 8th edition of its cancer staging system. For breast cancer, the most significant change in the staging system is the incorporation of biomarkers into the anatomic staging to create prognostic stages. Different prognostic stages are assigned to tumors with the same anatomic stages according to the tumor grade, hormone receptor (estrogen receptor; progesterone receptor) status, and HER2 status. A Clinical Prognostic Stage is assigned to all patients regardless of the type of therapy used; in contrast, a Pathologic Prognosis Stage is assigned to patients in whom surgery is the initial treatment. In a few situations, low Oncotype DX recurrence scores can change the prognostic stage. The radiologists need to understand the importance of the biologic factors that can influence cancer staging.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.54-63
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was done to develop an integrated breast health program for prevention and early detection of breast cancer, integrating primary and secondary prevention factors using cognitive-behavioral strategies. Method: This methodological study conducted as follows; Selection of components for the program through a literature review, survey to identify women's knowledge and risk perception of breast cancer and diet, and building prototype for the program using discussion based on findings. Using structured questionnaires, interviews were done with 130 women aged 40-59 who lived in a rural area. Result: Primary prevention (diet pattern, knowledge about breast cancer, and risk perception) and secondary prevention (early detection behaviors) factors were identified through the literature review. The survey showed that women lack knowledge and awareness about the risks of breast cancer, and have a low compliance rate for early detection behavior. Based on these results, a program was developed utilizing counseling and models to provide education and practice related to diet, breast cancer, and early detection behaviors. Conclusion: Use of this integrated and tailored breast health program with women at risk will contribute to better breast health, but further study is needed to verify the effects.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.51-59
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• 2016

Purpose: This phenomenological study aimed to identify breast cancer patients' experience of unkindness of healthcare providers. Methods: Ten participants who were diagnosed with breast cancer were recruited to participate in the study and asked to share their experience related to healthcare providers. Data were analyzed using the phenomenological method of Colaizzi. In-depth interviews were conducted from November, 2014 to March, 2015. Results: Seven consistent categories and fourteen theme clusters emerged from collected data. The seven themes were 'being treated thoughtlessly', 'not giving special services for breast cancer patients', 'cold and authoritative manner', 'incomplete explanation', 'not accepting an appeal', 'being sorry for having short consultation hours', and 'unskilled and careless treatment'. Conclusions: It is needed to develop health care services in the view of beneficiaries. This may reduce the patients' experience of unkindness of the healthcare providers and improve the satisfaction of health care service.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.907-915
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• 2012

Purpose: A diagnosis of breast cancer is one of the most traumatic events that threatens a woman's life, but while women adapt to and overcome these threats, they not only experience negative aspects, but also growth. The purpose of this study was to identify the many factors that affect growth, and to provide fundamental information for nursing interventions, which can help the women in their growth. Methods: The participants in this study were 131 married women patients with breast cancer, who were on medical treatment in one of two university hospitals, in Seoul and Chungnam. Data were collected for posttraumatic growth, self-esteem, cancer coping questionnaire, marital intimacy, and body image. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 19.0 program (IBM). Results: Interpersonal cancer coping, intrapersonal cancer coping (planning) and self-esteem accounted for 29.0% of posttraumatic growth. Conclusion: These findings indicate that in order to help the women's growth after the trauma of breast cancer, it is necessary to enhance their self-esteem, and to develop psycho-social nursing supportive programs.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.188-197
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine fatigue, sleep disturbances, and quality of life (QOL) among patients with breast cancer receiving radiotherapy. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive design was used. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 201 breast cancer patients in a hospital. The data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0. Results: The fatigue scores showed significant differences depending on exercise and duration since diagnosis. The sleep disturbance scores showed significant differences depending on duration since diagnosis. QOL scores showed significant differences depending on exercise, duration since diagnosis, and treatment site. Fatigue and sleep disturbances (r=.40, p<.001) showed statistically significant positive correlations, while fatigue and QOL (r=-.55, p<.001), and sleep disturbances and QOL (r=-.45, p<.001) showed statistically significant negative correlations. The multiple regression analysis, which was used to determine the variables influencing on QOL after radiotherapy, resulted in a significant regression model (F=23.88, p<.001), which accounted for approximately 45% of the explanatory power. Fatigue (${\beta}=-.39$, p<.001) and sleep disturbances (${\beta}=-.27$, p<.001) were revealed to adversely affect quality of life. Conclusion: The nursing intervention is necessary to reduce fatigue and sleep disturbance and to promote exercise in order to enhance QOL of patients with breast neoplasm while receiving radiotherapy.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2020

Purpose: This study identified the effects of physical therapists on the quality of life when applying exercise-based movement techniques to breast cancer survivors. Methods: To conduct meta-analysis, 186 RCT studies were searched in five databases (RISS, Pubmed, CINAHL, Medline, and Cochrane Library), without limitation, for the year of publication, and papers published in April 2018 were selected. Four studies met the inclusion criteria and were selected for meta-analysis based on the risk of bias. The basic demographic data, athletic characteristics, and outcome data were extracted from all included clinical trials. The data were analyzed using the RevMan 5.2 program. Results: As a result of meta-analysis, exercise-based movement techniques applied by the control group (Pilates, yoga, tai chi, and qigong) or physical therapists showed no significant difference in the impact on the quality of life of breast cancer survivors. Conclusion: In this study, exercise-based movement techniques mediated by control groups or physical therapists showed no significant difference in the quality of life of breast cancer survivors, but the types and duration of exercise in each study varied, and the number of subjects was small. Considering randomized studies, more randomized studies will be needed to draw conclusions.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.268-276
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• 2018

Although patients with breast cancer receive standard treatments, they often experience recurrence or metastasis of tumors. Therefore, patients seeking treatment with traditional Korean medicine (TKM) in addition to conventional treatment have increased. We present a case of 46-year-old female with recurring breast cancer. She underwent surgeries and various hormone therapies since being diagnosed in 2007. Upon follow-up examination, she had metastatic lesions on the lung and multiple bones in 2015 and 2016. She received TKM treatments from May 2017 with Aromasin and Afinitor. However, hepatic metastasis was found after two months, so she started Capecitabine with TKM. After about two months, the liver nodules disappeared and a seeding nodule in the right paracolic gutter was decreased. After two months, the tumor response was stable disease. Back pain due to bone metastasis was improved. We suggest that combination treatment of TKM and chemotherapy is a promising method for treating breast cancer.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.420-433
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was performed to identify the nursing needs of home-dwelling breast cancer patients based on counseling contents. Methods: Descriptive research was conducted with content analysis. This study included 185 patients who underwent treatment for breast cancer in a tertiary hospital. The data were collected using personal counseling via telephone or face-to-face between March 2011 and July 2013. A total of 536 counseling contents were used in the analysis. Inductive content analysis was used to analyze the contents related to nursing counselling. Results: According to the results. the most frequently reported nursing needs was symptom management, followed by information needs and supportive intervention needs; symptom management needs included symptoms related to chemotherapy, daily living, surgery, and medication side effects; information needs included treatments, medication, clinical tests, and alternative therapies; and supportive intervention needs were related to emotional and social aspects. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that nursing interventions for home-dwelling breast cancer patients should be designed and provided with a consideration to these relevant nursing needs.

• BMB Reports
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• v.56 no.11
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• pp.594-599
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• 2023

A number of therapeutic drugs have been developed from functional chemicals found in plants. Knowledge of plants used for medicinal purposes has historically been transmitted by word of mouth or through literature. The aim of the present study is to provide a systemic platform for the development of lead compounds against breast cancer based on a traditional medical text. To verify our systematic approach, integrating processes consisted of text mining of traditional medical texts, 3-D virtual docking screening, and in vitro and in vivo experimental validations were demonstrated. Our text analysis system identified rutin as a specific phytochemical traditionally used for cancer treatment. 3-D virtual screening predicted that rutin could block EGFR signaling. Thus, we validated significant anti-cancer effects of rutin against breast cancer cells through blockade of EGFR signaling pathway in vitro. We also demonstrated in vivo anti-cancer effects of rutin using the breast cancer recurrence in vivo models. In summary, our innovative approach might be proper for discovering new phytochemical lead compounds designing for blockade of malignant neoplasm including breast cancer.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.83 no.5
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• pp.1189-1194
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• 2022

Carcinoma of the axillary tail of Spence is a rare type of breast cancer that develops at a specific anatomical position in the breast, with an incidence of approximately 0.3%. It should be differentiated from axillary soft tissue tumor, axillary ectopic breast cancer, and lymph node metastases of breast and other primary cancers. Here, we report a case of carcinoma of the axillary tail of Spence in a 47-year-old patient who visited our clinic with a lower axillary mass and was diagnosed based on mammography, US, CT, and MRI findings.