• 제목/요약/키워드: Breakfast pattern

검색결과 94건 처리시간 0.017초

2001년 국민건강영양조사에 나타난 아침식사유형에 따른 식사의 질과 건강상태 (Breakfast Consumption Pattern, Diet Quality and Health Outcomes in Adults from 2001 National Health and Nutrition Survey)

  • 심재은;백희영;문현경
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제40권5호
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    • pp.451-462
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    • 2007
  • 본 연구는 한국 성인의 아침식사유형과 주식유형에 따른 식사의 질과 건강상태를 비교분석하기 위하여 수행되었다. 연구 자료는 2001년도 국민건강영양조사자료 중 $30{\sim}49$세 남자 1,641명, 여자 1,765명의 자료를 이용하였다. 대상자들의 아침 섭취여부 및 아침식사의 유형에 따라 사회인구학적 특성, 영양소 및 식품섭취, 대사증후군 관련 건강상태지표를 분석하였다. 아침식사의 유형은 섭취하는 주식에 따라 'RICE' (밥식), 'BREAD' (빵식), 'NOODLE' (면식), 'OTHERS' (기타식)로 분류하였고 그 밖의 혼합유형은 분석에서 제외하였다. 분석된 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 아침식사를 거를 때, 영양소의 충분한 섭취라는 측면에서 하루 식사의 질이 아침식사를 섭취하는 것에 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 아침식사를 거를 때와 섭취할 때 건강지표상의 의미 있는 차이는 찾을 수 없었으며, 아침식사를 섭취하는 경우 주식을 중심으로 섭취하는 식사의 구성에 따라 몇 가지 의미 있는 차이를 관찰하였다. 첫째, 아침식사유형이 빵식인 대상자들의 월 가구소득이 높았으며, 특히 여자대상자에서는 아침식사의 유형이 면식인 대상자의 평균 월 가구소득이 가장 낮았다. 둘째, 아침식사유형 간 만성질환 유병율의 분포에는 차이가 없었으나, 각 건강지표의 평균수준에 차이가 있었다. 남자 대상자에서는 아침식사유형이 빵식일 때 혈중 총 콜레스테롤이 높은 수준을 나타내었다. 여자대상자에서는 이러한 특징이 관찰되지 않았고 아침식사유형이 면식인 대상자의 HDL수준이 낮고 공복 시 혈당이 높았으며 통계적으로 의미 있는 차이를 나타내었다. 셋째, 남녀대상자 모두에서 빵식인 아침식사는 지방 에너지의 비중이 높았으며 미량 영양소의 밀도는 낮은 수준이었다. 하루 중 다른 끼니의 섭취를 통해 부족한 미량영양소의 섭취는 보충되었으나 이와 함께 총 에너지 섭취가 증가하는 결과를 초래하였고, 지방의 에너지 비율은 여전히 높은 수준이었다. 여자대상자에서는 아침식사유형이 면식일 때 아침식사의 에너지 섭취수준이 낮았고 아침식사를 거르는 경우를 제외하고 미량영양소의 섭취가 부족할 가능성이 가장 높았다. 넷째, 식사유형별 식품섭취 양상에 차이를 나타내었으며 밥식인 경우 다른 주식유형에 비해 섭취하는 식품의 구성이 다양하였다. 위와 같은 결과는 주식의 종류 및 함께 섭취하는 식품의 구성과 그 다양성에 따라 영양섭취결과와 건강상태 지표상에 차이가 있으며, 성호르몬에 따른 성별 차이의 영향을 간과할 수 없음을 보여주었고, 나아가 주식의 선택과 식사의 구성에 미치는 사회경제적 수준의 영향이 고려되어야 할 것으로 생각되었다. 그러나 같은 유형의 주식을 중심으로 식사를 구성하더라도 식품의 선호도에 따라 다양한 구성이 가능하므로 궁극적으로는 건강한 식단에 대한 연구와 이에 대한 영양교육이 중요하며, 이때 생활환경과 성별에 따른 차이가 고려되어야 함을 확인할 수 있었다.

Breakfast patterns are associated with metabolic syndrome in Korean adults

  • Min, Chan-Yang;Noh, Hwa-Young;Kang, Yun-Sook;Sim, Hea-Jin;Baik, Hyun-Wook;Song, Won-O.;Yoon, Ji-Hyun;Park, Young-Hee;Joung, Hyo-Jee
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • 제6권1호
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    • pp.61-67
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    • 2012
  • The Korean diet, including breakfast, is becoming more Western, which could increase the risk of metabolic syndrome. Our aim was to assess whether breakfast patterns are associated with risk for metabolic syndrome in Korean adults. The study subjects (n=371; 103 men, 268 women) were employees of Jaesang Hospital in Korea and their acquaintances, and all subjects were between 30 and 50 years old. The data collected from each subject included anthropometric measurements, three-day food intake, blood pressure (BP) and blood analyses. The three breakfast patterns identified by factor analysis were "Rice, Kimchi and Vegetables", "Potatoes, Fruits and Nuts" and "Eggs, Breads and Processed meat". The "Rice, Kimchi and Vegetables" pattern scores were positively correlated with systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) measurements in men (P<0.05) and with serum triglyceride (TG) levels in women (P<0.05). The "Eggs, Breads and Processed meat" pattern scores correlated positively with weight, body mass index (P<0.05) and serum TGs (P<0.01) in men. The "Potatoes, Fruits and Nuts" pattern was associated with lower risk of elevated BP (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.28-0.88) and fasting glucose levels (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.26-1.00). In contrast, the "Eggs, Breads and Processed meat" pattern was associated with increased risk of elevated TGs (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.06-3.98). Our results indicate that reducing the consumption of eggs, western grains and processed meat while increasing fruit, nut and vegetable intake for breakfast could have beneficial effects on decreasing metabolic syndrome risk in Korean adults.

중학생들의 아침식사 규칙성과 관련요인 (Factor related to regularity of breakfast of middle school students)

  • 박종;류소연;강명근;민순;김혜숙;김은아
    • 보건행정학회지
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.89-103
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    • 2010
  • Purpose : This study is descriptive research that confirms regularity of breakfast and related factor. Methods : The duration for investigation took place from April to May 2007 and 550 middle students of 6 middle school who lived in G city participated in investigation. The contents of the questionnaire consist of general trait, diet trait, life pattern and health state. Results : The significant variables of regularity of breakfast habit have some gender differences. For male students, recognition of importance of the breakfast, breakfast preparer, spare time before attendance and one's parents' breakfast habit are significant variables. On the other hand, for female students, recognition of importance of the breakfast, breakfast preparer and an income level are significant variables(p<.05). For male students, the cross ratio has 3.52 for recognition of importance of breakfast, 2.72 for one's parents' breakfast habit, 2.05 and 3.13 when one's mother prepare breakfast. For female students, the cross ratio is 3.24 score when one's mother prepare breakfast. Conclusion : The regularity of breakfast habits is related to recognition of importance of breakfast, mother's breakfast preparation and his or her parents'breakfast habit. It is necessary to propose the importance of breakfast to improve the regularity of breakfast habit and concern of parents for breakfast.

서울 가정의 일상 식사내용에 관한 실태조사 연구 (The Study on Daily Meal Pattern in Seoul Families)

  • 한경선
    • 한국식품영양학회지
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    • 제9권1호
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    • pp.12-20
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    • 1996
  • The purpose of this study is to explore the daily meal pattern in Seoul families. The informations of this study were obtained from 443 housewives in Seoul during August 20 to September 20, 1994, by using questionnaires. The X2 test was applied to see the individual data. The following observations were made in this study. 57% of Seoul families had rice with side dish set three times a day, the first choice for rice substitute was bread In breakfast and noodle in lunch, 98% of the subjects had rice in dinner The change of tile meal pattern from boiled rice to bread and noodle was the result of social changes such as urbanization, heightening up of education level of woman and the resulting increase of woman employment. They were consumed 2~5 varieties of side dishes. The favorite were Kimchi and Cigag' and Guk. The major meal pattern In Seoul Is still the traditional one composed of boiled rice and side dishes.

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대구지역 직장인의 아침식사 현황 - 생산직과 사무직의 비교 - (A Survey on Breakfast of Workers in Daegu Area)

  • 조성희;장정희;하태열;이경순;김미경;서정숙
    • 대한지역사회영양학회지
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    • 제9권6호
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    • pp.673-682
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    • 2004
  • Breakfast is an important factor for health status of people. This study was carried out to investigate the dietary life related to breakfast of workers and to develope some nutritional convenient diets for the workers. The collected data were consisted of items about general characteristics of the subjects, breakfast pattern, factors affecting on breakfast and opinions on convenient foods. The subjects were classified into labor workers (n=202) and office workers (n=227) aged from twenties to fifties. The rate of skipping breakfast in workers was $31.5\%$ and higher according to the increase of age. Their favorite style of breakfast was mostly Korean traditional diets, but only $38.1\%$ of the subjects had cooked rice as breakfast. The main reason for skipping breakfast was that they had no time for it. But $65.4\%$ of total workers had experiences of using convenience diets. They had these kinds of diets because of convenience. These results suggest that recipe development of convenient breakfast is very important for the good dietary life of the workers.

용인 일부지역 고등학생의 아침식사 섭취빈도에 따른 식행동 (Eating Behaviors by Breakfast Frequency of High School Students in Yongin Area)

  • 우리진;김성영
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제44권1호
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    • pp.66-75
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    • 2015
  • 경기도 용인지역 1개 고등학교에 재학 중인 남학생 146명과 여학생 165명을 대상으로 성별에 따른 아침식사의 섭취빈도(주당 0~2회, 3~6회 및 7회)를 분류한 다음 아침식사 섭취빈도에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 다양한 생활습관 및 식습관의 특성(생활습관, 아침식사 섭취패턴, 아침식사 섭취환경, 간식 섭취패턴 및 아침식사에 대한 인식도)을 조사한 후 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 성별 섭취빈도는 남학생 0~2회 섭취군 27.4%, 3~6회 섭취군 28.1%, 7회 섭취군 44.5%였으며 여학생 0~2회 섭취군 25.8%, 3~6회 섭취군 29.7%, 7회 섭취군 44.5%의 결과를 보였다. 아침식사의 섭취환경 중 아침식사 준비자는 남학생과 여학생 모두 '엄마'라는 응답이 78.1%와 73.5%로 가장 많았으며, 여학생은 아침식사 섭취빈도가 증가할수록 엄마가 식사를 준비하는 비율이 함께 증가하는 결과를 보인 반면 '나 자신'이라고 응답한 비율은 감소하는 결과를 보였다(P<0.001). 아침결식 이유는 남학생의 경우 '잠을 더 자기 위해서'라는 응답이 아침식사 섭취빈도가 증가할수록 함께 증가하는 결과를 보였고(P<0.001) '입맛을 잃어서'라는 응답은 아침식사 섭취빈도가 증가할수록 감소하는 결과를 보였다(P<0.001). 여학생은 0~2회(42.5%)와 7회 섭취군(62.3%)이 '잠을 더 자기 위해서'라고 응답하였다. 아침결식 시의 가족반응은 남학생과 여학생(P<0.001) 모두 '꼭 먹으라고 충고하심'의 결과가 아침식사 섭취빈도가 올라갈수록 함께 증가하는 결과를 보였다. 아침결식에 따른 간식섭취의 영향은 남학생(35.6%)보다 여학생(51.6%)이 '관계있음'이라고 응답한 비율이 더 많았다. 간식섭취로 인한 주요한 결식끼니는 남학생(35.3%)과 여학생(53.4%) 모두 '저녁'이라고 응답하였으며 여학생 0~2회 섭취군의 저녁결식 비율이 64.9%로 매우 높은 결과를 보였다. 아침식사에 대한 인식도는 남학생(P<0.05)과 여학생(P<0.001) 모두 아침식사 섭취빈도가 증가할수록 아침식사에 대한 중요성에 대한 인식도가 함께 상승하는 결과를 보였다. 아침식사와 건강에 대한 인식도는 남학생(43.9%)에 비해 여학생(54.8%)이 높은 결과를 보였으며 여학생(0회 섭취군 32.5%, 3~6회 섭취군 45.7%, 7회 섭취군 73.9%)은 아침식사 섭취빈도가 증가할수록 아침식사 중요도 인식도가 함께 증가하는 결과를 보였다(P<0.001). 아침식사가 중요한 이유로 남학생(47.9%)과 여학생(41.9%) 모두 '에너지 공급'이 가장 높은 결과를 보였다. 앞으로의 아침식사 섭취에 대한 의지는 남학생과 여학생 모두 섭취빈도가 증가할수록 '현재 섭취하고 있고 앞으로도 섭취할 계획'이라는 응답이 함께 상승하는 결과를 보였다(P<0.001). 그러나 '현재 섭취하고 있지 않거나 섭취하고 있지만 앞으로는 섭취하지 않을 계획임'이라고 응답한 비율이 남학생은 19.2%, 여학생은 14.2%의 결과를 보여 고등학생들의 아침식사 섭취에 대한 인식 및 중요성 제고를 위한 보다 구체적이고 현실적인 영양교육의 프로그램 개발이 요구된다.

우리나라 농촌지역의 메뉴패턴에 관한 연구 (III) -끼니별, 연령별 비교 분석 - (The Study of Menu Patterns in Korean Rural Areas (III) - Compared by the Heal and Age -)

  • 문현경;이삼순;이정숙;박송이;한귀정;유춘희;백희영;정금주
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제35권5호
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    • pp.571-578
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    • 2002
  • The purpose of this study is to compare menu patterns by the meal and age (10- 19, 20- 49, 50 - 69, 70 - 84 years old) in Korea rural areas. Frequently consumed menu patterns were investigated using the 24-hour recall method with 1,185 subjects in 5 Korea rural areas for the spring, summer, fill and winter. Results were as follow : most frequently used basic menu pattern, excluding side dish, was rice + soup in breakfast, and was only rice in lunch and dinner. Most frequent menu pattern by the number of side dish was rice + soup + kimchi + 1 side dish in the breakfast and dinner. The Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR) in the dinner is higher than that of the breakfast. For the 10 - 19 and 70 - 84 years old, frequently used menu pattern was rice + stew + kimchi + 1 side dish. Most frequently used menu patterns, was rice + soup + kimchi + 1 side dish for the 20 - 29 years old, was rice + stew + kimchi for the 50 - 69 years old. MAR with the same menu pattern in 10 - 19 years old is higher than that of 70 - 84 years old. Intake frequency of menu pattern including noodles was higher in 10 - 19 and 20 - 49 years old than that of the other age groups. With these results, for the nutrition program in the community menu patterns should be carefully examined by the meal and age. The result from this study can be used as basic data for nutrition education program in Korean rural areas.

서울대학교 중상류층 성인의 식습관 변화 (Changes in Dietary Habits of Adults with Middle and Upper Income Levels in Seoul)

  • 장남수
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제29권5호
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    • pp.547-558
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    • 1996
  • A rapid increase in urbanization and industrialization brings about a change in economic status which results in considerable changes in lifestyle including food habits and disease and mortality patterns. The purpose of the present study was to investigate recent food habit changes if any, reasons for food habit change, current food consumption patterns, and breakfast practices among urban adults with middle and upper income levels. Three hundred men and women, aged 20-60 years, were randomly selected and interviewed individually by trained interviewers. Among the twenty food groups studied, subjects reported that, compared to two years ago, they are now eating more fast foods, meats, fish, vegetables and fruits, and less rice, noodles, pastries, and salt. The changes in fast foods, fruits, and rice consumption patterns varied significantly between age, sex, income level, and BMI groups. The two most primary reasons for food habit changes were 'for my own health' and 'for my family's health', which shows that health seems to be the major concern in changing food habits. Among meals, the breakfast meal was rated as the most important one, and was not affected by the sociodemographic variables. However, the average rate of skipping breakfast was found to be as high as 33% with a greater rate in younger age groups. The rats of breakfast skipping was found to vary between different income, education, and BMI groups. Among the subjects who eat breakfast meals daily, a traditional Korean breakfast of rice and soup was found to be still a predominant choice, although younger age groups, upper income groups, and people with more education choice, although younger age groups, upper income groups, and people with more education tended to eat a western-style breakfast more frequently. These findings are applicable at the planning and implementation stages of various nutritional improvement projects as a part of the National health Promotion Law.

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대전시 초등학교 5학년 학생의 아침식사 섭취가 학습태도 및 학업적 효능감, 정신건강에 관한 자각증상에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Breakfast Eating on Lening Attitude, Academic Efficacy and Self-Rated Mental Health of the 5th Grade Students of Primary School in Daejeon City in Korea)

  • 정진연;김미자;김영아;이선영
    • 한국생활과학회지
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    • 제23권4호
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    • pp.709-720
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of breakfast eating on learning attitude, academic efficacy and self-rated mental health. Survey was carried out with 460 subjects of the 5th grade elementary school student in Daejon area. The study subjects were divided into 3 groups with frequency of eating breakfast defined as an intake of 7 d/wk, 3-6 d/wk and 0-2 d/wk. The results are summarized as follows. The frequency of eating breakfast was 7 d/wk in 52.4%, 3-6 d/wk in 35.4% and 0-2 d/wk in 12.2% of the subjects. The most common pattern of breakfast was the traditional Korean style. The students who have breakfast every day(7 d/wk group) show better learning attitude and academic efficacy(p<.001) and positive on self-rated mental health while 3-6 d/wk and 0-2 d/wk groups were negative(p<.001). In conclusion, regular breakfast eating group shows better learning attitude, academic efficacy and self-rated mental health so that they have positive health status and academic achievement.

아침결식 위험집단을 위한 아침 균형식단 개발 (Developing Breakfast Menus for Most Easily Breakfast-Skipping Groups)

  • 이심열;이연숙;박정숙;배영희;김영옥;박영숙
    • 대한지역사회영양학회지
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    • 제9권3호
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    • pp.315-325
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    • 2004
  • This study was conducted to develop the standard breakfast menu for those weak groups having insufficient breakfast intake. The following three target groups are classified as: 16-19 years old high school male student, 20-29 years old female who have job or college students, 20-29 years old male or female who have job (double income family). While developing menus for each target groups, we applied several basic guidelines for meal planning as follows: Nutrient intake level was set to $\graction one-Third$ of RDA, while the energy level to $\fraction one-quarter $ of RDAs. Most Sequent meal pattern of Koreans was adapted; Suitabilities of appropriate serving size and cost for middle-income families were considered; Domestic foods and ingredients were used. We developed 24 menus summed by 2 menus for each season and three target groups. When evaluating the menus, most of the breakfast menus were sufficient of nutrients as a meal for the subjects. Three food groups such as grain/starch group, meat/fish/egg/bean group, vegetable/fruit group were included in all menus. Even though milk/dairy products group was not excluded for some menus, other calcium substitutes like anchovies were used. Oil/nut/sugar group was used to a minimum. The average number of foods for each menu was 12.8, which ranged from 10 to 17 depending on the menus. The average weight of the menus including soup was 822 g, 633 g and 730 g for each target group, respectively. The average price of the menu ranged from 2,000 to 3,500 won per person. The above results could be applied at home as well as foodservice institutes and furthermore could offer information for developing breakfast-substituting food products.