• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.218-228
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• 2021

Due to their high degree of freedom to transfer and acquire light, fiber optics can be used in the presence of strong magnetic fields. Hence, optical sensing and imaging based on fiber optics can be integrated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diagnostic systems to acquire valuable information on biological tissues and organs based on a magnetic field. In this article, we explored the combination of MRI and optical sensing/imaging techniques by classifying them into the following topics: 1) functional near-infrared spectroscopy with functional MRI for brain studies and brain disease diagnoses, 2) integration of fiber-optic molecular imaging and optogenetic stimulation with MRI, and 3) optical therapeutic applications with an MRI guidance system. Through these investigations, we believe that a combination of MRI and optical sensing/imaging techniques can be employed as both research methods for multidisciplinary studies and clinical diagnostic/therapeutic devices.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.179-183
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• 2016

Mapping brain structural and functional connections through the whole brain is essential for understanding brain mechanisms and the physiological bases of brain diseases. Although region specific structural or functional deficits cause brain diseases, the changes of interregional connections could also be important factors of brain diseases. This review will introduce common neuroimaging modalities, including structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional MRI (fMRI), diffusion tensor imaging, and other recent neuroimaging analyses methods, such as voxel-based morphometry, cortical thickness analysis, local gyrification index, and shape analysis for structural imaging. Tract-Based Spatial Statistics, TRActs Constrained by UnderLying Anatomy for diffusion MRI, and independent component analysis for fMRI also will also be introduced.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.195-198
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• 2017

Idiopathic brain herniation is a rare condition. We believe that this is the first reported case of idiopathic herniation of the lingual gyrus. The case involves a 57-year-old woman presenting with frontal headache without overt visual symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an idiopathic herniation of the lingual gyrus of the occipital lobe extending into the quadrigeminal cistern. No other adjacent intracranial abnormalities were observed. Although some conditions may be considered in the differential diagnosis, accurate diagnosis of idiopathic brain herniation in medical practice can prevent unnecessary additional imaging procedures and invasive open biopsy in patients with typical imaging findings.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.488-491
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• 2005

A 3-year-old female, 5kg, Shih-tzu developed an acute onset of depression, disorientation, hypersalivation, nystagmus after falling down 2 meter height place. In plain skull radiography, there was fracture line in the frontal and parietal bones and next day magnetic resonance imaging examination was performed. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was performed with 3.0 Tesla unit. Under general anesthesia, the dog was placed in prone with its head positioned in a birdcage coil. Transverse, sagittal and coronal fast spin echo images of the brain were obtained with the following pulse sequences: T1 weighted images (TR = 560 ms and TE = 18.6 ms) and T2 weighted images (TR = 3500 ms and TE = 80 ms). Magnetic resonance imaging showed epidural hematoma in the left frontal area resulting in compression of the adjacent brain parenchyma. Left lateral ventricle was compressed secondarily and the longitudinal fissure shifted to the right, representing mass effect. The lesion was iso-to slightly hyperintense on T1 weighted image and iso-slightly hypointense signal on T2 weighted image. At necropsy, there was a skull fracture and epidural hematoma in the left frontal area. Magnetic resonance imaging of epidural hematoma is reviewed.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.47-49
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• 2013

Endogenous endophthalmitis is rare and refers to an intraocular inflammatory process that may result from exogenous or endogenous causes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is useful for diagnosing endophthalmitis, and valuable to reach the diagnosis of brain abscess. We report here the MR findings of simultaneously developed endogenous endophthalmitis and brain abscesses.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2014

Normal aging causes changes in the brain volume, connection, function and cognition. The brain changes with increases in age and difference of gender varies at all levels. Studies about normal brain aging using various brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) variables such as gray and white matter structural imaging, proton spectroscopy, apparent diffusion coefficient, diffusion tensor imaging and functional MRI are reviewed. Total volume of brain increases after birth but decreases after 9 years old. During adulthood, total volume of brain is relatively stable. After 35 years old, brain shrinks gradually. The changes of gray and white matters by aging show different features. N-acetylaspartate decreases or remains unchanged but choline, creatine and myo-inositol increase with aging. Apparent diffusion coefficient decreases till 20 years old and then becomes stable during adulthood and increase after 60 years old. Diffusion tensor properties in white matter tissue are variable during aging. Resting-state functional connectivity decreases after middle age. Structural and functional brain changes with normal aging are important for studying various psychiatric diseases such as dementia, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Our review may be helpful for studying longitudinal changes of these diseases and successful aging.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.42-50
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• 1997

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.114-116
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• 2015

A 21-month-old girl with cri-du-chat syndrome in conjunction with developmental delay underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The MRI showed hypoplasia of the brain stem, a normal cerebellum, thinning of the corpus callosum, and a lack of myelination in both anterior limbs of the internal capsule. She also had neonatal bilateral subependymal cysts. We believe that the symmetrical lack of myelination in both anterior limbs of the internal capsule could be a diagnostic clue of cri-du-chat syndrome.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.71-74
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• 2016

Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is an acute neurological disorder resulting from thiamine deficiency. Early diagnosis and treatment of WE is important to avoid persistent brain damage. Although histopathologic examination usually demonstrates pin-point hemorrhages in affected brain parenchyma, secondary hemorrhage is a rare but serious complication of WE. We experienced a rare case of intracranial hemorrhage related to WE in a 56-year-old male patient with malnourishment.

• Proceedings of the KSMRM Conference
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• 2005.09a
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• pp.11-11
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• 2005