• 제목/요약/키워드: Brain lesions

검색결과 512건 처리시간 0.019초

다발성 낭종성 병변을 보인 급성 파종성 뇌척수염 - 증례보고 - (Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis(ADEM) Presenting as Multiple Cystic Lesions - A Case Report -)

  • 김대원;김태영;김종문;윤기중
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • 제30권5호
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    • pp.622-626
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    • 2001
  • Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis(ADEM) is an uncommon immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating disorder that typically affects the white matter of the central nervous system. Radiologic findings of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis are not pathognomomic. The differential diagnosis is always difficult. Occasionally, the clinical features, radiological and histopathological findings of patients with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis mimic the brain tumor or other space occupying lesions. The authors report a 6-year-old girl who presented with right hemiparesis two days after nausea and vomiting. Brain MRI of the patient revealed non-enhanced multiple cystic lesions in subcortical white matter of both cerebral hemisphere with prominent edema. One of the cystic lesions was resected to differentiate with metastatic tumor or inflammatory disease such as abscess and confirmed as the acute disseminated encephalomyelitis via various immunohistochemical stains. Pertinent literature is reviewed with discussion on this uncommon ADEM associated with multiple cystic lesions.

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Neuroendoscopy : Current and Future Perspectives

  • Shim, Kyu Won;Park, Eun Kyung;Kim, Dong-Seok;Choi, Joong-Uhn
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • 제60권3호
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    • pp.322-326
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    • 2017
  • Neuroendoscopic surgery is performed because it causes minimal damage to normal structures, carries a lower rate of complications, and achieves excellent outcomes. Surgeons using an endoscope and related instruments can perform complex operations through very small incisions, which is especially useful for minimally invasive procedures for the brain and spine. Neuroendoscopic surgery is now performed in cases of obstructive hydrocephalus, various intraventricular lesions, hypothalamic hamartomas, craniosynostosis, skull base tumors, and spinal lesions. This review discusses the brief history of neuroendoscopy and the current state and future perspectives of endoscopic surgery.

Treatment of Scalp Arteriovenous Malformation

  • Jung, Sung-Hoon;Yim, Man-Bin;Lee, Chang-Young;Song, Dal-Won;Kim, Il-Man;Son, Eun-Ik
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • 제38권4호
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    • pp.269-272
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    • 2005
  • Objective : The object of this study is to present the treatment experience of the 6cases of scalp arteriovenous malformations[AVMs] focus on treatment strategy. Methods : Six patients with scalp AVM were treated during past 12years. We analysis the clinical characteristics of the lesions, treatment methods and management outcomes. Results : The lesions were located on temporal in 2patients, parietal in 2patients, frontal and occipital area in each one. Four of six patients had a trauma history on scalp. The presenting symptoms were progressive enlarged pulsating mass with or without bruit. Four of the six lesions had the large fistula in the lesion. Two patients were treated with surgical resection alone, three patients with proximal feeding artery balloon[s] occlusion followed by surgical resection, and one patient with coil embolization through trans-venous route alone. We obtained good results in all patients. Conclusion : Most of scalp AVM can be completely cured by Judicious selection and a combination of treatment modalities, i.e., surgery only, or embolization only, or embolization plus surgical therapy. Although embolization became a primary therapy for this sort of scalp AVM recently, the selection of treatment modality should be chose based on the size, angioarchitecture, and clinical presentations of the lesion.

Gamma Knife Surgery for Brain Metastasis from Renal Cell Carcinoma : Relationship Between Radiological Characteristics and Initial Tumor Response

  • Kim, Jin-Wook;Han, Jung-Ho;Park, Chul-Kee;Chung, Hyun-Tai;Paek, Sun-Ha;Kim, Dong-Gyu
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • 제42권2호
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    • pp.92-96
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    • 2007
  • Objective : The authors have speculated that metastatic brain lesions from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) show diverse radiological patterns and tumor responses after Gamma knife surgery (GKS), and have hypothesized that these can be predicted from tumor radiological characteristics. The goal of the current study was to identify the radiological characteristics of RCC brain metastases and the predictors of initial radiosurgical response after GKS. Methods : A retrospective analysis was performed on 48 lesions in 18 patients with RCC brain metastasis treated by GKS. The radiological characteristics of these lesions in magnetic resonance images (MRI) were classified into 3 categories according to enhancement patterns in T1-weighted images and signal intensity characteristics in T2-weighted images. Responses to GKS were analyzed according to these categories, and in addition, other potential predictive factors were also evaluated. Results : MRI findings in the three categories were diverse, though numbers of the lesion were comparable. At 2-month MRI follow-ups after GKS, response rate was 54% and the local tumor control rate 83%. T2 signal intensity was found to be the principal predictive factor of response to GKS, namely negative predictive factor. Other variables such as age, sex, tumor volume, dose, duration from initial diagnosis to GKS, and previous systemic therapies failed to show significant relationships with treatment response by multivariate analysis. Conclusion : Careful evaluation of the radiological characteristics of brain metastases from RCC is important prior to GKS because MRI heterogeneity has predictive value in terms of determining initial tumor response.

뇌낭미충증과 감별이 어려웠던 폐암의 속립성 뇌전이 1예 (A Case of Miliary Brain Metastasis of Lung Cancer Mimicking Neurocysticercosis)

  • 이호준;오인재;박상우;반희정;김영철;김수옥
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • 제72권2호
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    • pp.182-186
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    • 2012
  • Miliary brain metastasis from the lung is uncommon and has a poor therapeutic response. We report a case of pulmonary adenocarcinoma combined with multiple brain cystic lesions that were initially misdiagnosed as neurocysticercosis. A 53-year-old male who never smoked was admitted to our hospital with complaints of agitation and cognitive impairment. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed innumerable, small nodular lesions with a central, low signal intensity in whole brain parenchyma. His symptoms were not improved by the empirical praziquantel medication for disseminated neurocysticercosis. After a transbronchial biopsy from the right middle lobe, we could diagnose the primary lung adenocarcinoma with a single nucleotide polymorphism in the epidermal growth factor receptor exon 20 at codon 787 (Q787Q). His neurologic symptoms and imaging findings have been gradually improving with a first-line Gefitinib treatment for five months. We recommend a more active diagnostic approach including biopsy in case of atypical imaging findings.

영상재구성 전산화 단층촬영을 이용한 상악동과 상악동 아래벽 및 주위구조 질환의 방사선학적 평가 (Radiographic evaluations of the various lesions of maxillary sinus, inferior wall of sinus and surrounding structures using reformatted computed tomography)

  • 윤혜림;김희진;김기덕;박창서
    • Imaging Science in Dentistry
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    • 제32권1호
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    • pp.19-25
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    • 2002
  • Purpose: To evaluate the degree of accuracy of DentaScan reformatted images of the maxillary sinus and periapical, periodontal lesions and to clarify the usefulness of the reconstructed 3-dimensional images to the dental clinical aspects. Materials and Methods: 33 sides of maxillae of the hemi-sectioned Korean heads were used in this study. Periapical radiographs, computed tomography and DentaScan reformatted cross-sectional images were taken for the radiographic evaluation of the peiapical and peiodontal lesions of the maxillary teeth and inferior wall of maxillary sinus. Results : Compared the degree of accuracy and findings of dental and periapical pathoses on the intraoral radiographs and DentaScan reformatted images with the cross-sectioned specimens, the DentaScan reformatted cross-sectional images were more accurate and more effective than the intraoral radiography with a viewpoint of the detection of dental and periapical pathoses. Conclusion: Comparing the lesions of specimens with intraoral radiographies and DentaScan reformatted images, the dental and periodontal pathoses and topographical structures were more clearly observed in the DentaScan reformatted images, providing the possibility of more applications of reformatted images to clinical dentistry.

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Changes of Motor Deactivation Regions in Patients with Intracranial Lesions

  • Lee, Seung Hwan;Koh, Jun Seok;Ryu, Chang-Woo;Jahng, Geon Ho
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • 제54권6호
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    • pp.453-460
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    • 2013
  • Objective : There is a rich literature confirming the default mode network found compatible with task-induced deactivation regions in normal subjects, but few investigations of alterations of the motor deactivation in patients with intracranial lesions. Therefore, we hypothesized that an intracranial lesion results in abnormal changes in a task-induced deactivation region compared with default mode network, and these changes are associated with specific attributes of allocated regions. Methods : Blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during a motor task were obtained from 27 intracranial lesion patients (mean age, 57.3 years; range 15-78 years) who had various kinds of brain tumors. The BOLD fMRI data for each patient were evaluated to obtain activation or deactivation regions. The distinctive deactivation regions from intracranial lesion patients were evaluated by comparing to the literature reports. Results : There were additive deactivated regions according to intracranial lesions : fusiform gyrus in cavernous hemangioma; lateral occipital gyrus in meningioma; crus cerebri in hemangiopericytoma; globus pallidus, lateral occipital gyrus, caudate nucleus, fusiform gyrus, lingual gyrus, claustrum, substantia nigra, subthalamic nucleus in GBM; fusiform gyrus in metastatic brain tumors. Conclusion : There is increasing interest in human brain function using fMRI. The authors report the brain function migrations and changes that occur in patients with intracranial lesions.

K 대학 소아치과에 내원한 장애인의 구강진료 실태 (State of dental treatment among disabled patients at K university hospital pediatric dentistry)

  • 김창희;박재홍;김진;김선주
    • 한국치위생학회지
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    • 제9권3호
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    • pp.357-368
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    • 2009
  • The purpose of this study was to examine the state of dental treatment among disabled patients by the type of disability. After the medical records of 531 disabled patients who received treatment at the pediatric dentistry in K university hospital, the following findings were given: 1. As for age distribution by year, the rate of patients aged 10 or down rose to 42.5 from 5.1 percent, and the 16-20 age group increased from 16.7 to 24.8 percent. But the rates of patients aged between 11 and 15 and aged 21 and up were on the rise(p<.05). 2. Concerning the type of disability by year, there was an increase in the number of patients with brain lesions, mental retardation, developmental disorder and Down's syndrome(p<.05). As to the number of dental caries by the type of disability, the patients with heart diseases had the most dental caries that numbered 8.49, followed by Down's syndrome, metal retardation, brain lesions, the other disabilities and developmental disorder. 3. In relation to dental treatment experiences by the type of disability, the patients with developmental disorder(57.5%) received the most dental treatment, followed by mental retardation, the other disabilities, brain lesions, Down's syndrome and heart diseases(p<.05). 4. Regarding general anesthesia experience by the type of disability, the patients with mental retardation(31.6%) were put under general anesthesia the most, followed by developmental disorder, brain lesions, the other disabilities, heart diseases and Down's syndrome(p<.05). In conclusion, nationwide efforts to nurture separate dental personnels responsible for the disabled, to expand relevant facilities and to improve the health care insurance are required to promote the oral health of disabled children.

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뇌병변 소아환자의 기립보조기 사용 시 접촉 패드 유형에 따른 근활성도 비교 (Comparison of Electromyography Activity in Accordance with Contact Pad Type during the Use of a Standing Table for Pediatric Patients with Brain Lesions)

  • 이종훈;오민우;하종규;서재용;황화식
    • 재활복지공학회논문지
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    • 제8권3호
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    • pp.161-168
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    • 2014
  • 본 연구에서는 Pneumatic air fitting system을 적용한 기립보조기 제품을 뇌병변 소아환자를 대상으로 기립보조기의 신체 고정용 폼패드(foam pad)와 에어패드(air pad) 사용 시, 뇌병변 장애아동들의 체간 및 하지근육의 수축 양상을 비교 분석하였다. 연구결과, 패드(foam pad vs. air pad) 유형에 따른 근육별 근력 활성도는 차이가 있었다. 이러한 차이는 큰 동작(식사동작)에서 크게 나타나고, 작은 동작(쓰기동작, 읽기동작)이 작게 나타났다. 이는 Pneumatic air fitting system을 적용한 기립보조기 제품 사용 시, 기존 폼패드에 비해 사용자에게 좀 더 편안함을 제공하는 것으로 나타났다.

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다양한 두개강내 질환의 확산강조 자기공명영상 : 임상적 유용성 (Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging of Various Intracranial Diseases : Clinical Utility)

  • 김영준
    • Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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    • 제2권1호
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    • pp.104-112
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    • 1998
  • 목적 : 다양한 두개강내 질환을 가진 환자들을 대상으로 확산강조영상을 시행하여 병변의 신호강도를 분석함으로써 확산강조영상의 임상적 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 전향적으로 무작위 추출하여 확산강조영상을 시행한 70명의 환자(급성 뇌경색 20명, 만성 뇌경색 또는 소혈관 질환 21명, 두개강내 원발성 종양 14명, 뇌전이 3명, 뇌종양 5명, 뇌혈종 5명, 퇴행중의 유구낭미충 1명, 유피낭종 1명)를 대상으로 하였다. 확산강조영상은 1.5T 장치를 사용하여, single shot spin echo EPI 기법을 사용하여, 6500ms TR, 107ms TE, $128{\times}128$ matrix, 1 number of excitation, $24{\times}24{\;}cm$ field of view, 5-7mm slice thickness, 2-3 mm inter-slice gap으로, x, y, z 세방향으로 확산경사자기($b=1000s{\;}/{\;}textrm{mm}^2$)를 가하여 얻었다. 병변의 신호강도의 평가는 정성적인 분석에서는 병변의 신호강도를 임의의 5단계로 구분하여 분석하였고, 정량적 분석에서는 ROI(region of interest)를 이요하여 병변의 신호강도를 측정하여, 반대쪽 정상 뇌실질에서 얻은 신호강도와의 상대적 신호강도비를 구하였다. 결과 : 정성적 분석에서 매우 높은 신호강도를 보인 병변은 모든 예의 급성 뇌경색, 뇌농양, 유피낭종, 그리고 퇴행성 유구낭미충의 낭성 병변이었다. 뇌혈종은 모든 예에서 병변내에 매우 높은 신호강도와 낮은 신호강도가 혼재되어 있었다. 1명의 종양환자에서는 고형성 부분에 국소적인 매우 높은 신호강도가 보였다. 이들 병변 각각의 뇌실질에 대한 평균 신호 강도비는 모두 2.5 이상이엇다. 정성적 분석에서 죄실질과 같은 정도의 신호강도를 보인 경우는 실경교증(71%), 뇌종양의 고형성 부분(64%), 뇌전이 (100%), 혈관성 부종(67%)이었으며, 이들 병변의 뇌실질에 대한 평균 신호강도비는 1.15에서 1.28로 서로간에 의미있는 차이는 없었다.(p>0.1). 매우 낮거나 약간 낮은 신호강도를 보인 경우는 낭성 뇌연화증과 종양내 괴사로서, 평균 신호강도비는 각각 0.45와 0.42였다. 결론 : 급성 뇌경색, 뇌농양, 유피낭종, 퇴행중의 유구낭미충은 확산강조영상에서 매우 높은 신호강도를 보여, 다른 실환과의 감별 진단에 유용할 것으로 생각되며, 특히 뇌농양과 괴사나 낭성 부분을 포함한 뇌종양과의 감별에 많은 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

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