• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.363-369
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• 2009

미란형 구강편평태선과 재발성 아프타성 구내염은 T림프구에 의해 매개되는 염증성 면역질환이다. T림프구에 영향을 주는 다양한 조절 인자들 중 CD28, CD45, CD152, CD154, CD279등의 mRNA가 미란형 구강편평태선 및 재발성 아프타성 구내염 환자들의 비자극성 전타액내에서 어떻게 발현되는지를 살펴보고, 이것의 진단학적 가치를 평가하고자 한다. 미란형 구강편평태선으로 진단받은 환자군 18명, 재발성 아프타성 구내염으로 진단받은 환자군 12명, 정상군 8명에게서 비자극성 전타액을 10분간 채득한 후, 상피세포를 분리하여 mRNA를 추출하였다. Real time PCR을 이용하여 각 군의 T림프구 조절 인자들의 mRNA 발현 양상을 비교분석하였다. 미란형 구강편평태선의 T림프구 조절인자들의 mRNA 발현 양상은 정상인과 비교 결과, CD45, CD279는 높게 측정되었고, CD154는 낮게 측정되었다. 재발성 아프타성 구내염 환자들의 T림프구 조절인자들의 mRNA 발현 양상은 정상인과 비교 결과, CD45, CD279는 높게 발현되었고, CD28, CD154는 낮게 발현되었다. 부가적으로 미란형 구강편평태선 환자군의 타액내 CD152의 발현 양상은 재발성 아프타성 구내염 환자군보다 높게 발현되었다. 미란형 구강편평태선과 재발성 아프타성 구내염 환자들의 비자극성 전타액내 T림프구 조절인자들의 mRNA 발현 양상은 각 질환의 진단에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.421-432
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• 2005

In order to understand the renal reabsorption mechanism of neutral amino acids via amino acid transporters, we have isolated human L-type amino acid transporter 2 (hLAT2) and human T-type amino acid transporter 1 (hTAT1) in human, then, we have examined and compared the gene structures, the functional characterizations and the localization in human kidney. Northern blot analysis showed that hLAT2 mRNA was expressed at high levels in the heart, brain, placenta, kidney, spleen, prostate, testis, ovary, lymph node and the fetal liver. The hTAT1 mRNA was detected at high levels in the heart, placenta, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney, pancreas, spleen, thymus and prostate. Immunohistochemical analysis on the human kidney revealed that the hLAT2 and hTAT1 proteins coexist in the basolateral membrane of the renal proximal tubules. The hLAT2 transports all neutral amino acids and hTAT1 transports aromatic amino acids. The basolateral location of the hLAT2 and hTAT1 proteins in the renal proximal tubule as well as the amino acid transport activity of hLAT2 and hTAT1 suggests that these transporters contribute to the renal reabsorption of neutral and aromatic amino acids in the basolateral domain of epithelial proximal tubule cells, respectively. Therefore, LAT2 and TAT1 play essential roles in the reabsorption of neutral amino acids from the epithelial cells to the blood stream in the kidney. Because LAT2 and TAT1 are essential to the efficient absorption of neutral amino acids from the kidney, their defects might be involved in the pathogenesis of disorders caused by a disruption in amino acid absorption such as blue diaper syndrome.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.117-127
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to find out the characteristics of patients who admitted due to industrial accident and to promote the superiority of oriental medical treatment on the sequelae of industrial accident. Methods : We analyzed the medical charts of 51 inpatients in a local oriental medicine hospital. The patients had been hospitalized from May 1, 2003 to October 31, 2010. Results : 1. By gender, males accounted for 78.4%, while females 21.6%. By age, most incidences occurred in the forties(29.4%), fifties(23.5%) and thirties(19.6%) in order. 2. Most causes of accident was carelessness(27.5%) and fall down(21.6%) was the next. 3. With regard to the interval from occurrence of accidents to hospitalization, 20 cases(39.2%) were found to be hospitalized 31～90 days after the accidents, followed by 11 cases(21.6%) in 91～180 days and 7 cases(13.7%) in 181～360 days. 4. Most cases turned out to be injuries with 40 patients from Sequelae of intracerebral hemorrhage (23.5%) and Lumbar and other intervertebral disc disorders with radiculopathy(13.7%). The mean duration of hospitalization was $209.03{\pm}346.04$ days. Inpatients of Organic brain syndrome NOS numbered the longest stay($676{\pm}86.26$days), Sequelae of intracerebral hemorrhage recorded $541.91{\pm}541.83$ days hospitalized. 5. Most of inpatients were treated with acupuncture(100%), herbal medication(98.0%), oriental physiological therapy(82.3%), and moxibustion(76.4%). Conclusions : This article will help the researchers related to Oriental medicine establish basic source of Oriental medicine approach for inpatients due to industrial accident.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2004

Substantial evidence suggests that behavioral and reinforcing effects of cocaine can be mediated by the mesolimbic dopaminergic system. It has been shown that repeated injections of cocaine produce increase in locomotor activity, expression of the immediate-early gene, c-fos in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), which was one of the main dopaminergic terminal areas. Herbal-acupuncture as a therapeutic intervention has been widely used for the treatment of many functional disorders such as drug abuse. Coptidis Rhizoma (CR) and its main component, berberine (BER) were selected as herbal medicine of herbal-acupuncture. Both medicines have been known to have the therapeutic effect on the central nervous system. In order to investigate the effects of CR and BER herbalacupuncture at shenmen (HT7) point (CR/H and BER/H) on the cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization, the influence of CR/H and BER/H on repeated cocaine-induced locomotor activity, the change of c-Fos expression in the brain by immunohistochemistry were examined. Male SD rats were given CR/H (0.4mg/kg) and BER/H (0.1mg/kg) 30 min before daily injections of cocaine hydrochloride (15mg/kg. i.p.) 10 days. After 3 days withdrawal, rats received a challenge injection of cocaine (15mg/kg, i.p.). Systemic challenge with cocaine produced much larger increased locomotor activity, accumbal Fos-like immunoreactivity in the NAc. Pretreatment with CR/H and BER/H significantly inhibited cocaine-induced locomotor activity, the change of c-Fos expression in the rats. Our data demonstrated that the inhibitory effects of cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization by CR/H and BER/H were closely associated with the reduction of presynaptic dopamine release in the NAc. These results suggest that CR/H and BER/H can be effectively applied to cocaine addiction.

• 대한소아신경학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.200-203
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• 2017

척수소뇌실조는 임상적으로 다양하게 나타나는 보통염색체 우성신경변성 (혹은 퇴행성) 질환군으로서, 소뇌의 들과 날의 경로를 분열시켜 소뇌 실조를 일으키는 것으로 알려져 있다. 전형적인 임상증상은 30에서 40대에 발현되기 시작하고, 보행실조, 불분명 발음, 시력 이상, 사지의 조화운동 불능, 안구 움직임 제한, 인지 장애 등 다양한 증상의 조합을 특징으로 한다. 본 증례의 환아에서는 exome sequencing을 통하여 SPTBN2 (p.Glu1251Gln)의 새로운 이형접합 돌연변이를 발견하였으며 이것이 SCA5의 원인으로 밝혀졌다. 증례의 환아는 3년 5개월 때 발달지연을 주소로 본원에 내원하였다. 발달지연을 평가하기 위해 베일리 발달 검사에서 모든 영역에서 현저한 지연이 확인되었다. 본원 내원 1년 전 시행한 뇌자기공명영상에서 백샐질형성장애와 약간의 소뇌 위축이 보였다. 잠재적인 유전질환을 의심하여 진단 목적으로 전체엑솜염기서열분석을 시행하였고 결과적으로 SPTBN2의 새로운 이형접합 돌연변이 (p.Glu1251Gln) 가 SCA5의 원인 돌연변이로 사료된다. 척수소뇌실조에서 유전자의 역할을 명확하게 규명하기 위해서는 전체엑솜염기서열 분석을 포함한 다양한 방법을 통한 유전자 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.720-726
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 예비실험결과 높은 총 페놀 화합물 함량(17.71 mg/g)을 나타낸 어성초 60% 메탄올 추출물의 항산화 효과 및 신경세포 보호효과를 알아보기 위해 다양한 연구를 진행하였다. 어성초의 DPPH와 ABTS radical 소거 활성 및 FRAP assay결과 농도 의존적인 경향이 나타났으며, 높은 항산화 활성을 보여주었다. MTT, LDH assay를 통한 신경세포 보호효과를 측정한 결과 MTT 실험에서는 어성초 60% 메탄올 추출물의 모든 농도에서 positive control로서의 vitamin C와 유사한 세포 생존율을 나타냈고, LDH 실험에서는 추출물에 의한 농도 의존적인 효소 방출량 감소가 관찰되었다. 또한 LDH 실험에서 나타난 신경세포막 파괴의 원인을 확인하고자 뇌 조직을 이용한 지질의 과산화 억제 활성을 측정한 결과 농도 의존적으로 지질의 과산화가 억제 되는 것으로 나타나 지질의 과산화는 신경세포의 파괴를 유발시킬 수 있다는 가능성을 확인하였다. 본 연구결과를 종합해 볼 때 quercitrin 및 다양한 페놀성 화합물을 함유한 어성초 60% 메탄올 추출물은 항산화 및 산화적 스트레스로부터 나타나는 지질의 과산화로 인한 신경세포 보호효과를 나타내어 퇴행성 신경질환 등을 예방할 수 있는 기능성 식품 소재로서의 활용 가치가 높다고 판단된다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.1200-1209
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• 2020

Aphasia is a language disorder that results from brain damage and typically occurs after a stroke. The purpose of this case report was to describe the effects of Korean medical treatment on anomic aphasia after a putaminal hemorrhage. We used Korean medical treatment, including head acupuncture and herbal medicine (Hyungbangsabaek-san) therapy, on a patient who was admitted to the hospital for 19 days. The clinical symptoms were assessed with the Korean version of the Western Aphasia Battery (K-WAB), and quality of life was evaluated with Korean version of Stroke and Aphasia Quality of Life Scale-39 (K-SAQOL-39). After 19 days of treatment, the K-WAB scores were increased from 17 to 19 in the spontaneous speech score, from 7.55 to 9.85 in the comprehension score, from 9 to 9.4 in the speaking score, and from 5.8 to 9.7 in the naming score. The AQ score was increased from 78.7 to 95.9, and the K-SAQOL-3 score was increased from 2.64 to 3.26. In conclusion, the study findings suggested that Korean medical treatment could be an effective option for treating symptoms and improving quality of life in patients with aphasia after stroke.

• Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.343-362
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• 2019

Background/Aims There has been major progress in our understanding of the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and novel treatment classes have emerged. The Rome IV guidelines were published in 2016 and together with the growing body of Asian data on IBS, we felt it is timely to update the Asian IBS Consensus. Methods Key opinion leaders from Asian countries were organized into 4 teams to review 4 themes: symptoms and epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and investigations, and lifestyle modifications and treatments. The consensus development process was carried out by using a modified Delphi method. Results Thirty-seven statements were developed. Asian data substantiate the current global viewpoint that IBS is a disorder of gut-brain interaction. Socio-cultural and environmental factors in Asia appear to influence the greater overlap between IBS and upper gastrointestinal symptoms. New classes of treatments comprising low fermentable oligo-, di-, monosacharides, and polyols diet, probiotics, non-absorbable antibiotics, and secretagogues have good evidence base for their efficacy. Conclusions Our consensus is that all patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders should be evaluated comprehensively with a view to holistic management. Physicians should be encouraged to take a positive attitude to the treatment outcomes for IBS patients.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제65권6호
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• pp.816-824
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• 2022

Objective : Emergency superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) anastomosis in patients with large vessel occlusion who fails mechanical thrombectomy or does not become an indication due to over the time window can be done as an alternative for blood flow restoration. The authors planned this study to quantitatively measure the degree of improvement in cerebral perfusion flow using perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after bypass surgery and to find out what factors are related to the outcome of the bypass surgery. Methods : For a total of 107 patients who underwent emergent STA-MCA bypass surgery with large vessel occlusion, the National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS), modified Rankin score (mRS), infarction volume, and hypoperfusion area volume was calculated, the duration between symptom onset and reperfusion time, occlusion site and infarction type were analyzed. After emergency STA-MCA bypass, hypoperfusion area volume at post-operative 7 days was calculated and analyzed compared with pre-operative hypoperfusion area volume. The factors affecting the improvement of mRS were analyzed. The clinical status of patients who underwent emergency bypass was investigated by mRS and NIHSS before and after surgery, and changes in infarct volume, extent, degree of collateral circulation, and hypoperfusion area volume were measured using MRI and digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Results : The preoperative infarction volume was median 10 mL and the hypoperfusion area volume was median 101 mL. NIHSS was a median of 8 points, and the last normal to operation time was a median of 60.7 hours. STA patency was fair in 97.1% of patients at 6 months follow-up DSA and recanalization of the occluded vessel was confirmed at 26.5% of patients. Infarction volume significantly influenced the improvement of mRS (p=0.010) but preoperative hypoperfusion volume was not significantly influenced (p=0.192), and the infarction type showed marginal significance (p=0.0508). Preoperative NIHSS, initial mRS, occlusion vessel type, and last normal to operation time did not influence the improvement of mRS (p=0.272, 0.941, 0.354, and 0.391). Conclusion : In a patient who had an acute cerebral infarction due to large vessel occlusion with large ischemic penumbra but was unable to perform mechanical thrombectomy, STA-MCA bypass could be performed. By using time-to-peak images of perfusion MRI, it is possible to quickly and easily confirm that the brain tissue at risk is preserved and that the ischemic penumbra is recovered to a normal blood flow state.

• 재활치료과학
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.55-68
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• 2022

서론 : 본 연구는 연하장애 환자의 혀 운동 및 측정 도구들에 대한 고찰을 통해 도구의 원리와 특징을 확인하여 임상 적용을 위한 정보를 제공하고자 하였다. 본론 : 연하재활 분야에서 혀 운동 및 측정 도구로 활용되고 있는 15개의 도구를 확인하였고, 원리에 따라 벌브 센서 원리, 저항 센서 시트 원리, 마우스피스형 센서, 기타 기술의 도구로 분류하였다. 벌브 센서는 IOPI, KSA, TPM-01이 있었으며, 사용방법이 다소 간편하지만 혀의 압력 측정 시 위치 고정에 대한 제한점이 있었다. 저항 센서 시트는 I-SCAN, KEI, IPMD, PRESLA가 있었고, 모두 입천장에 고정이 가능하여 벌브 센서 원리에 비해 안정적인 위치에서 혀 압력 측정이 가능하다. 하지만 제작과정이 복잡하고, 많은 비용이 소모된다는 단점이 있었다. 마우스피스형 원리는 MOST, T-Station, SwallowSTRONG, LFDS가 있었으며, 도구의 특성상 개인의 구강에 맞게 제작되어 혀 압력 측정 시 고정이 가능하고, 안정적인 측정이 가능하다. 하지만 제작 과정에서 많은 비용이 발생하며, 세밀한 움직임의 측정과 내구성에 제한점이 있었다. 기타 도구로는 OPG, TTS, OroPress, TPWA가 있으며, 빛 감지의 원리와 무선 측정이 가능하다는 장점이 있다. 하지만 신뢰도와 타당도가 입증되지 않아 추후 연구가 필요한 실정이다. 결론 : 본 연구는 1990년대부터 현재까지 개발된 혀 운동 및 측정 도구들의 분석을 통해 연하재활 분야에서 활용할 수 있는 정보를 제시하였다. 이에 임상에서 도구의 선택 과정에 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다. 향후에는 기존 도구들의 장단점들을 고려하여 임상뿐만 아니라 가정에서도 활용 가능한 혀 운동 및 측정 도구 개발이 필요하다.