• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경과학회 2016년도 정기학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.217-217
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• 2016

• 대한화학회지
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.198-204
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• 2014

In this present study, bagasse based pulp and paper industry wastewater was treated under different operating conditions such as initial pH (6-8), temperature ($25-35^{\circ}C$) and contact time (3-7 days) by using Bacillus subtilis. Response surface methodology (RSM) coupled with Box-Behnken response surface design (BBD) was employed to investigate the effect of process variables on the responses such as turbidity, biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal. The experimental data were analyzed by Pareto analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the second order polynomial models were developed. Interactive effects of the process variables on the responses were studied using plotting 3D response surface contour graph and the optimum process conditions were found to be: initial pH of 7, temperature of $30^{\circ}C$ and contact time of 5 days. Under these conditions, removal efficiencies of turbidity, BOD and COD were found to be 85%, 93% and 80% respectively which are close agreement with real experiments. These results indicate that the treatment of bagasse based pulp and paper industry wastewater using Bacillus subtilis is an effective and novel technique.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.435-440
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• 2018

Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum Linn) is one of the most widely grown plants in Indonesia. In addition, nyamplung oil has a future competitive advantage in that it can be processed into biodiesel. However, conventional methods for transesterification of nyamplung oil have been less effective. Therefore, in this study biodiesel was produced using microwaves as one of the alternative methods that can improve the shortcomings of conventional methods. In addition, optimization of parameters such as microwave power, catalyst concentration and transesterification time was done using Box-Behnken design. The combination of microwave with CaO catalyst and treated with Box-Behnken design are considered as a new and modern method for production of biodiesel from nyamplung oil and optimizing the factors that affected the transesterification process. The results showed that factors such as microwave power of 449.29 W, concentration of catalyst of 4.86% and transesterification time of 10.07 min can produce optimal yield of biodiesel of 92.73% with reliability of 93.22%.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.175-180
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• 2018

Box-Behnken Design (BBD) under response surface methodology (RSM) was implemented to optimization the operating parameters and assess the removal and recovery efficiencies of crude oil from contaminated soil using subcritical water extraction. The effects of temperature, extraction time and water flow rate were explored, and the results indicate that temperature has a great impact on crude oil removal and recovery. The correlation coefficients for oil removal ($R^2=0.74$) and recovery ($R^2=0.98$) suggest that the proposed quadratic model is useful. When setting the target removal and recovery (>99%), BBD-RSM determined the optimum condition to be a temperature of $250^{\circ}C$, extraction time of 120 min, and water flow rate of 1 mL/min. An experiment was carried out to confirm the results, with removal and recovery efficiencies of 99.69% and 87.33%, respectively. This result indicates that BBD is a suitable method to optimize the process variables for crude oil removal and recovery from contaminated soil.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.119-129
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• 2013

Thirteen different Streptomyces isolates were evaluated for their ability to produce keratinase using chicken feather as a sole carbon and nitrogen sources under solid state fermentation (SSF). Streptomyces sp. NRC 13S produced the highest keratinase activity [1,792 U/g fermented substrate (fs)]. The phenotypic characterization and analysis of 16S rDNA sequencing of the isolate were studied. Optimization of SSF medium for keratinase production by the local isolate, Streptomyces sp. NRC13S, was carried out using the one-variable-at-a-time and the statistical approaches. In the first optimization step, the effect of incubation period, initial moisture content, initial pH value of the fermentation medium, and supplementation of some agro-industrial by-products on keratinase production were evaluated. The strain produced about 2,310 U/gfs when it grew on chicken feather with moisture content of 75% (w/w), feather: fodder yeast ratio of 70:30 (w/w), and initial pH 7 using phosphate buffer after 8 days. Based on these results, the Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology were applied to find out the optimal conditions for the enzyme production. The corresponding maximal production of keratinase was about 2,569.38 U/gfs.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제57권6호
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• pp.761-768
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• 2013

Removal of COD and TSS from rice mill wastewater was investigated using continuous electrocoagulation method (CEC). The electrical energy consumption (EEC) of the process was also examined in order to evaluate the economic viability. The Box-Behnken statistical experiment design (BBD) and response surface methodology (RSM) were used to investigate the effects of major operating variables. Initial pH, current density, electrode distance and flow rate were selected as independent variables in BBD while COD removal, TSS removal and EEC were considered as the response functions. The predicted values of responses obtained using the response function was in good agreement with the experimental data. Optimum operating conditions were found to be pH of 7, current density of 15 mA $cm^{-2}$, electrode distance of 5 cm and flow rate of 70 ml/min. Under these conditions, greater than 89% removal of COD and TSS were obtained with EEC value of 7 KWh.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.484-494
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• 2019

This paper presents a preliminary investigation of the optimum nutrients combination required for bioremediation of spent-engine oil contaminated soil using Box-Behnken-Design. Three levels of cow-manure, poultry-manure and inorganic nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK) fertilizer were used as independent biostimulants variables; while reduction in total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) and total soil porosity (TSP) response as dependent variables were monitored under 6-week incubation. Ex-situ data generated in assessing the degree of biodegradation in the soil were used to develop second-order quadratic regression models for both TPH and TSP. The two models were found to be highly significant and good predictors of the response fate of TPH-removal and TSP-improvement, as indicated by their coefficients of determination: $R^2=0.9982$ and $R^2=1.000$ at $p{\leq}0.05$, respectively. Validation of the models showed that there was no significant difference between the predicted and observed values of TPH-removal and TSP-improvement. Using numerical technique, the optimum values of the biostimulants required to achieve a predicted maximum TPH-removal and TSP-improvement of 67.20 and 53.42%-dry-weight per kg of the contaminated soil were as follows: cow-manure - 125.0 g, poultry-manure - 100.0 g and NPK-fertilizer - 10.5 g. The observed values at this optimum point were 66.92 and 52.65%-dry-weight as TPH-removal and TSP-improvement, respectively.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.328-339
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• 2023

Methanol steam reforming (MSR) is a promising method for hydrogen supplying as a critical step in hydrogen fuel cell commercialization in mobile applications. Modelling and understanding of the reactor behavior is an attractive research field to develop an efficient reformer. Three-layer feed-forward artificial neural network (ANN) and Box-Behnken design (BBD) were used to modelling of MSR process using the Cu-SiO₂ aerogel catalyst. Furthermore, impacts of the basic operational variables and their mutual interactions were studied. The results showed that the most affecting parameters were the reaction temperature (56%) and its quadratic term (20.5%). In addition, it was also found that the interaction between temperature and Steam/Methanol ratio is important on the MSR performance. These models precisely predict MSR performance and have great agreement with experimental results. However, on the basis of statistical criteria the ANN technique showed the greater modelling ability as compared with statistical BBD approach.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.174-183
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• 2023

The dye wastewater discharge from the textile industries mainly affects the aquatic environment. Hence, the treatment of this wastewater is essential for a pollutant-free environment. The purpose of this research is to optimize the dye removal efficiency for process influencing independent variables such as pH, electrolysis time (ET), and current density (CD) by using Box-Behnken design (BBD) optimization and Genetic Algorithm (GA) modelling. The electrocoagulation treatment technique was used to treat the synthetically prepared Reactive Black dye solution under batch mode potentiometric operations. The percentage of error for the BBD optimization was significantly greater than for the GA modelling results. The optimum factors determined by GA modelling were CD-59.11 mA/cm², ET-24.17 minutes, and pH-8.4. At this moment, the experimental and predicted dye removal efficiencies were found to be 96.25% and 98.26%, respectively. The most and least predominant factors found by the beta coefficient were ET and pH respectively. The outcome of this research shows GA modeling is a better tool for predicting dye removal efficiencies as well as process influencing factors.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.685-691
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• 2013

이부프로펜은 비스테로이드성 소염진통제(Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs; NSAIDs)의 대표적인 성분이다. 이부프로펜은 결정성이 크기 때문에 난용성이며, 따라서 생체이용률(bioavailability)도 낮다. 이와 같은 난용성을 개선하기 위해서는 이부프로펜의 입도를 감소시킬 필요가 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 이부프로펜의 분쇄조건을 최적화하는데 있다. 이부프로펜을 분쇄하기 위하여 유성밀을 사용하였으며, Box-Behnken 방법을 이용하여 분쇄변수들의 최적조건을 구하였다. 이부프로펜 분쇄생성물의 물성을 조사하기 위하여 입도, 결정크기 및 인장강도 측정에는 각각 입도분석기, XRD, tensile/compression tester를 사용하였다. 분쇄 최적조건은 밀회전수는 290 rpm, 시료장입량은 24.6 g, 분쇄시간은 10분이었으며, 이 조건에서 이부프로펜 분쇄생성물의 입도는 $13.5{\mu}m$이었다. 이부프로펜은 분쇄 후 결정크기가 감소하였다. 이부프로펜 분쇄생성물의 정제의 상대밀도가 0.85~0.90인 범위에서 그 정제의 인장강도는 $12{\sim}14Kg_f/cm^2$ 이었다.