• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.551-561
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• 2018

Footprint is defined as ground area that is projected from the outer edges of the battle space protected by a defence system. This concept can be effectively used for making decisions on site selection of anti missile systems to defend against enemy's ballistic missiles. In this paper, simulations of ballistic missile trajectories based on various launch conditions are performed first and then the footprint is derived with engagement zone set as a boundary condition. Results of the simulation with various relative positions between the defense system and defended asset are also presented. The proposed method, in which the trajectories are generated based on launch point of the ballistic missile, has an advantage of approximating the defended area close to reality. Two applications are introduced in the present paper to describe how the derivation of defended area could be utilized in deployment decision of defense systems.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.102-110
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• 2015

In this paper, adaptive matching method using the same features for rigid and deformable object images is proposed. Firstly, we determine whether the two images are matched or not using the geometric verification and generate the matching information. Decision boundary which separates deformable matching-pair from non-matching pair is obtained through statistical analysis of matching information. The experimental result shows that the proposed method lowers the computational complexity and increases the matching accuracy compared to the existing method.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.509-524
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• 2005

Due to the strict requirements of emerging applications, per-flow admission control is gaining increasing importance. One way to implement per-flow admission control is using an on­path resource reservation protocol, where the admission decision is made hop-by-hop after a new flow request arrives at the network boundary. The next-steps in signaling (NSIS) working group of the Internet engineering task force (IETF) is standardising such an on-path signaling protocol. One of the reservation methods considered by NSIS is reduced-state mode, which, suiting the differentiated service (DiffServ) concept, only allows per-class states in interior nodes of a domain. Although there are clear benefits of not dealing with per-flow states in interior nodes-like scalability and low complexity-, without per-flow states the handling of re-routed flows, e.g., after a failure, is a demanding and highly non-trivial task. To be applied in carrier-grade networks, the protocol needs to be resilient in this situation. In this article, we will explain the consequences of a route failover to resource reservation protocols: Severe congestion and incorrect admission decisions due to outdated reservation states. We will set requirements that handling solutions need to fulfill, and we propose extensions to reduced-state protocols accordingly. We show with a set of simulated scenarios that with the given solutions reduced-state protocols can handle re-routed flows practically as fast and robust as stateful protocols.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 대한산업공학회/한국경영과학회 1996년도 춘계공동학술대회논문집; 공군사관학교, 청주; 26-27 Apr. 1996
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• pp.514-517
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• 1996

In solving multi-level knapsack problems, conventional heuristic approaches often assume a short-sighted plan within a static decision enviornment to find a near optimal solution. These conventional approaches are inflexible, and lack the ability to adapt to different problem structures. This research approaches the problem from a totally different viewpoint, and a new method is designed and implemented. This method performs intelligent actions based on memories of historic data and learning. These actions are developed not only by observing the attributes of the optimal solution, the solution space, and its corresponding path to the optimal solution, but also by applying human intelligence, experience, and intuition with respect to the search strategies. The method intensifies, or diversifies the search process appropriately in time and space. In order to create a good neighborhood structure, this method uses two powerful choice rules that emphasize the impact of candidate variables on the current solution with respect to their profit contribution. A side effect of so-called "pseudo moves", similar to "aspirations", supports these choice rules during the evaluation process. For the purpose of visiting as many relevant points as possible, strategic oscillation between feasible and infeasible solutions around the boundary is applied for intensification. To avoid redundant moves, short-term (tabu-lists), intermediate-term (cycle detection), and long-term (recording frequency and significant solutions for diversification) memories are used. Test results show that among the 45 generated problems (these problems pose significant or insurmountable challenges to exact methods) the approach produces the optimal solutions in 39 cases.lutions in 39 cases.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권10호
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• pp.4952-4975
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• 2018

An induced hesitant linguistic aggregation operator is investigated in the paper, in which, hesitant fuzzy linguistic evaluation values are associated with probabilistic information. To deal with these hesitant fuzzy linguistic information, an induced hesitant fuzzy linguistic probabilistic ordered weighted averaging (IHFLPOWA) operator is proposed, monotonicity, boundary and idempotency of IHFLPOWA are proved. Then andness, orness and the entropy of dispersion of IHFLPOWA are analyzed, which are used to characterize the weighting vector of the operator, these properties show that IHFLPOWA is extensions of the induced linguistic ordered weighted averaging operator and linguistic probabilistic aggregation operator. In this paper, IHFLPOWA is utilized to gather linguistic information and create fuzzy ontologies, and a movie fuzzy ontology as an illustrative case study is used to show the elaboration of the proposed method and comparison with the existing linguistic aggregation operators, it seems that the IHFLPOWA operator is an useful and alternative operator for dealing with hesitant fuzzy linguistic information with probabilistic information.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.186-199
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• 2013

We pose pattern classification as a density estimation problem where we consider mixtures of generative models under partially labeled data setups. Unlike traditional approaches that estimate density everywhere in data space, we focus on the density along the decision boundary that can yield more discriminative models with superior classification performance. We extend our earlier work on the recursive estimation method for discriminative mixture models to semi-supervised learning setups where some of the data points lack class labels. Our model exploits the mixture structure in the functional gradient framework: it searches for the base mixture component model in a greedy fashion, maximizing the conditional class likelihoods for the labeled data and at the same time minimizing the uncertainty of class label prediction for unlabeled data points. The objective can be effectively imposed as individual mixture component learning on weighted data, hence our mixture learning typically becomes highly efficient for popular base generative models like Gaussians or hidden Markov models. Moreover, apart from the expectation-maximization algorithm, the proposed recursive estimation has several advantages including the lack of need for a pre-determined mixture order and robustness to the choice of initial parameters. We demonstrate the benefits of the proposed approach on a comprehensive set of evaluations consisting of diverse time-series classification problems in semi-supervised scenarios.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.229-240
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• 2004

Coastal aquifers may serve as major sources fur freshwater. In many coastal aquifers, intrusion of seawater has become one of the major constraints imposed on groundwater utilization. The management of groundwater in coastal acquifers means making decision as to the pumping rate and the spatial distribution of wells. Several numerical techniques for flow and solute transport simulation can provide the means to achieve this goal. As a basic study to predict the intrusion of seawater in coastal phreatic aquifers, the coupled flow and solute transport analysis was conducted by use of the 3-D finite element code, SWICHA. In order to understand how the location and the shape of freshwater-seawater transition zone were affected by the boundary conditions and hydrogeologic variables, parametric study was carried out.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.317-335
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• 2005

This paper is primarily intended to propose a new concept of "aggregate control of road density" which is defined as the area-wide road surface per watershed area. An empirical study for experimental sites was conducted to confirm how a standard GIS technology can be used to assist in estimating the road density in terms of total volume threshold control. Guidelines for a replicable methodology are presented to provide a strong theoretical basis for the standardization of factors involved in the estimation of the road space threshold; the meaningful classification of road types, delination of watershed boundary, interpretation for distribution trends of road density etc. A variety of visual maps using overlay analysis can be generated over large areas quickly and easily to show the fact that some degree of road space already exists in the experimental sites. They could be used as an evidence to limit further construction of road network in comparison with other tributary watershed. It is anticipated that this research output could be used as a valuable reference to confirm the potential of introducing the new concept of "site specific road density" to support more scientific and objective decision-making in the process of road construction project.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 한국측량학회 2010년 춘계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.389-393
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• 2010

The Objective of this study was to develop a system for visualizing inundation area by using 1-D numerical model analyzing damage information such as inundation area, facilities, land usages, population, building, loads. In this study, we have reviewed hydraulic models to select a flood model for simulation of discharges, water depths and velocities. The study area is Namhan River from Youngwol to Paldang Dam which had a flood damage on upper and below regions of Chungju Dam by a storm event in 2006. At the first, we developed the DB system base on GIS thematic map, ortho images, cadastral maps to analyze flood damages and support decisions making. Changing the boundary conditions such as discharge at the gauging stations, flood simulations were performed and then damages were extracted from the databases information support system based on 1-D numerical hydraulic model, it is expected to be able to analyze flood damages and support a decision making for reduce flood relate damages. In the future, the system developed in this study could be applied for flood forecasting system of small scaled streams.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2014

It is usual to determine silver-town location by people's experienced knowledge or intuition considering many different type of thematic variables simultaneously. This paper is primarily intended to locate sunny silver-town according to catchment-wide solar radiation as single key variable. GIS based solar simulation realistically identified catchment-wide solar radiation in the study area using large scale spatial precision. More than 90% over the worst catchment were identified shadow surfaces while the optimal catchment was heavily covered by sunny radiation surfaces. It is confirmed that standard GIS technology can offers the viable method of measuring and comparing the catchment-wide solar radiation. Guidelines for a replicable methodology are presented to provide a strong theoretical basis for the standardization of factors involved in locating the sunny silver-town; delineation of catchment boundary, solar simulation, catchment-wide comparison etc. They could be used as an evidence to determine sunny catchment in comparison with other catchment, based solar simulation. It is anticipated that this research output could be used as a valuable reference to confirm the potential of introducing the new concept of "catchment specific solar radiation" to support more scientific and objective decision-making in the process of locating silver town.