• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.257-261
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• 2003

A free stream vortical disturbance generated by a single axial vortex of periodically modulated strength was used to investigate vortical receptivity of a flat plate boundary layer to low-frequency spatially localized free-stream disturbances. It was found that the boundary-layer response was dominated by stream-wise velocity perturbation (streak). However, in contrast to the stationary streaks considered by Boiko (2002), its intensity showed no pronounced growth along the flat plate.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.417-422
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• 2001

The vertical structure of atmosphere was observed In investigate the variation of surface ozone concentration by vertical downward mixing of residual ozone in the atmospheric boundary layer at the Busan coastal area. Airsonde and pilot balloon measurements were made at Gamcheondong and the Kimhae airport for April 26~27, 1996. The vertical potential of potential temperature showed a residual layer between 510m and 1800m from 2100LST April 26 to 0900LST April 27. The downward mixing of ozone in the residual layer of the atmospheric boundary layer was confirmed from vertical profile of mixing ratio near 600m in the morning. The thickness of the sea breeze layer was 900m at 1500LST April 26. Thereafter, it become to be lowered with time A low level jet was measured near 900m at 0300LST on April 27 from a pibal measurement. Early morning sharp increase of surface ozone concentration at the Busan coastal area was caused by vertical downward mixing of ozone concentration rather than by photochemical reaction In the atmospheric boundary layer.

• 한국해양학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.296-303
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• 1994

회전하는 원통형 이층 유체에 하층 유체와 동일한 밀도의 유체를 경사진 하층 바 닥의 둘레를 통하여 주입시 하층 내부는 일정한 수직 운동을 하게 되며 이러한 수직운 동은 결국 하층 유체에 Sverdrup type의 운동인 남향의 서안 경계류와 북향의 내부 운 동을 발생시킨다. 이때 $\beta$-효과와 동시에 하층 유체가 상층 경계면과 만나게 하므로써 소위 극전선 효과를 갖고 있는 상층 유체의 운동 특성을 관찰하였다. 서안에서 의 순 압성, 동안에서 의 경압성 운동이 뚜렷하게 나타나고 특히 동안 경계류의 남향과 서안 경계류의 남향은 서안에서 의 이안 현상을 야기시킨다. 상층에 $\beta$-효과를 증가시 서안 경계류의 폭이 감소하는 이안 현상후 내부에 "eddy" 모양의 흐름이 존재한다. 한편 경압성 Rossby wave는 동안 부근에서 뚜렷하게 관측되나 서쪽으로 진행하면서 소멸되 는 현상이 관측되었다. 하층 유체에 국지적 지형 효과서 준 경우 상층수의 서안 경계 류 및 동안 경계류가 민감하게 반응하여 동안에서는 정상파 형태의 운동이 나타나고 서안에서는 이안 현상 없이 경계류의 폭이 증가함을 보인다. 이는 하층의 순압성 운동 이 지형 효과를 느끼는 반면, 그 영향은 상층에 직접전달되지 못하고 있음을 보여주고 있는 것이라 사료된다. 상층의 $\beta$-효과 증가시 internal radius보다 훨씬 큰 규모의 파형이 내부에 존재하는 특성을 보여 주고 있다. 보여 주고 있다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.329-336
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• 2001

Characgcteristics of nocturnal boundary layer(NBL) were analyzed by the upper-air observations data using with the airsonde and pilot balloons from 1994 to 1999 in Kyungpook province. The automate weather boundary layer can become stably stratified when the surface is cooler than the air. Stable nocturnal boundary layer height were estimated from the top of surface stable layer where the vertical gradient of temperature and mixing ratio tend to zero or negative. The depth of the stable nocturnal boundary layer depended largely on the thermal effect rather than the wind effect at nighttime. The NBL was more developed on the land than on the coastal region. The stability index (bulk Richardson number) showed that the NBL was stable when the wind was weak and the vertical gradient of the temperature was strong. The heat budget in the NBL was studied by considering the effect of the radiative and the cooled by both the longwave radiative flux and the divergence of the heat flux, while NBL under the cloudy sky the longwave radiative flux played a role of the warming. It was noted that the heat was not conserved in both cases. To complete the heat budget in the NBL the warming/cooling by advection and subsidence must be considered.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제33권12호
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• pp.977-982
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• 2009

Direct numerical simulation (DNS) of a turbulent boundary layer with moderate Reynolds number was performed to scrutinize streamwise-coherence of hairpin packet motions. The Reynolds number based on the momentum thickness (${\theta}_{in}$) and free-stream velocity (U${\infty}$) was varied in the range $Re_{\theta}$=1410${\sim}$2540 which was higher than the previous numerical simulations in the turbulent boundary layer. In order to include the groups of hairpin packets existing in the outer layer, large computational domain was used (more than 50${\delta}_o$, where ${\theta}_o$ is the boundary layer thickness at the inlet in the streamwise domain). Characteristics of packet motions were investigated by using instantaneous flow fields, two-point correlation and conditional average flow fields in xy-plane. The present results showed that a train of hairpin packet motions was propagating coherently along the downstream and these structures induced the very large-scale motions in the turbulent boundary layer.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집E
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• pp.506-511
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• 2001

This paper presents how redevelopment of the boundary layer in a backward-facing step flow is affected by boundary conditions imposed on velocity at the inlet, top and exit of the flow. A two-dimensional, laminar, incompressible flow over a backward-facing step with an open top boundary has been computed by using numerical methods of second-order time and spatial accuracy and a fractional-step method that guarantees a divergence-free velocity field at all time. The inlet velocity profile above the step is of Blasius type. Along the top boundary, shear-tree and Dirichlet conditions on the streamwise velocity were considered and at the exit fully-developed and convective boundary conditions were examined. (The vertical velocity at all boundaries were assumed to be zero explicitly or implicitly.) From the computed flow fields, the reattachment on the bottom side of shear layer separated from the tip of the step and succeeding redevelopment of the boundary layer were investigated.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제34권10호
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• pp.16-23
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• 2006

저 레이놀즈수에서 NACA 0012 에어포일의 경계층 거동에 관한 연구가 터빈 블레이드와 초소형 비행체에서 적용될 수 있는 경계층을 파악하기 위하여 수행되었다. 레이놀즈수 Re=$2.3{\times}10^4$, $3.3{\times}10^4$, $4.8{\times}10^4$과 정적 받음각 ${\alpha}$=$0^{\circ}$, $3^{\circ}$, $6^{\circ}$에서 경계층을 측정하기 위해 열선 풍속계가 사용되었다. 연구결과는 정적 받음각 =$0^{\circ}$에서는 층류 경계층이 에어포일 표면에 부착되며, 정적 받음각 $3^{\circ}$에서는 경계층 층류 분리가 발생된 것을 보여준다. 더욱이 본 연구에서 경계층 재부착 현상은 정적 받음각 $6^{\circ}$에서 레이놀즈수 $3.3{\times}10^4$와 $4.8{\times}10^4$에서 발생된다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제47권10호
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• pp.720-727
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• 2019

하이브리드 로켓 연소의 저주파수 연소불안정은 고체연료의 열적지연(Thermal Lag)과 경계층 유동 변화에 의한 열전달 진동의 공진에 의해 발생한다. 본 연구는 연료 표면 근처의 경계층 유동의 교란이 어떤 물리적 과정에 의해 발생하여 연소불안정으로 발달하는지를 실험적으로 확인하였다. 특히 산화제의 스월 분사는 연소 안정화에 매우 큰 기여를 하므로 스월 강도를 증가시키며 경계층의 변화와 연소불안정의 발생과정을 연구하였다. 경계층 섭동을 확인하기 위하여 연소 유동장을 가시화하였고 이미지에 대한 POD(Proper Orthogonal Decomposition) 분석을 시도하였다. 스월 강도가 증가할수록 500Hz 대역 고주파수 p', q'의 결합이 약해지며 열적지연과 유사한 주파수 특성을 갖는 Rayleigh Index의 섭동 발생도 약해져 경계층 진동의 발생이 점차 감소하는 것을 관찰하였다. 따라서 고주파수 p', q'의 주기적인 결합에 의한 축 방향 경계층 진동이 나타나면 열적지연 주파수와 공진에 의한 연소불안정이 발생함을 확인하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.425-435
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• 1997

One-dimensional thermodynamic mixed layer model to stimulate variations of meteorological variables wish the planetary boundary layer has been developed In this study. This model consists of 2 prognostic equations, which can predict the variations of potential temperature and mixing ratio and several diagnostic equations. Physics within the surface and mixed layers has been considered seperately in the model. For the variations of the model, Its result has been analysed and compared with observated data over Ole Dukyang Bay for one day, July 23, 1992. The simulated height of mixed layer is comparable to the observation and the variations of temperature and mixing ratio in the mixed layer are also reasonably simulated. Those Imply that the model responds appropriately with given boundary conditions In sprite of Its simplilfied assumptions applied to the model and insufficient boundary and Initial conditions.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.128-137
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• 1993

This paper presents a new concept to reduce turbulent frictional drag by injecting micro-bubble into buffer layer of turbulent boundary layer on flat plate. The buffer layer of boundary was specified by minus velocity gradient of law of the wall. When the buffer layer region of turbulent boundary layer is filled with micro-bubble of air and viscous of the region is kept low, the velocity profile in the region should be changed substantially. Then the Reynolds stress in the buffer layer region becomes less, which guide to higher velocity gradient there. It results in reduction of velocity gradient at the viscous sublayer, which gives the reduction of shear stress at the wall.