• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.60-70
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• 2000

An 8$\times$8+20-bit MAC is designed with low power design methodologies at each of the system design levels. At algorithm level, a new method for multipl $y_tract operation is proposed, and it saves the transistor counts over conventional methods in hardware realization. A new Booth selector circuit using NMOS pass-transistor logic is also proposed at circuit level. It is superior to other circuits designed by CMOS in power-delay-product. And at architecture level, we adopted an ELM adder that is known to be the most efficient in power consumption, operating frequency, area and design regularity as the final adder. For registers, dynamic CMOS single-edge triggered flip-flops are used because they need less transistors per bit. To increase the operating frequency 2-stage pipeline architecture is adopted, and fast 4：2 compressors are applied in Wallace tree block. As a simulation result, the designed MAC in 0.6${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ 1-poly 3-metal CMOS process is operated at 200MHz, 3.3V and consumed 35㎽ of power in multiply operation, and operated at 100MHz consuming 29㎽ in MAC operations, respectively.ly.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.72-78
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• 2009

Exposure to HDI(hexamethylene di-isocyanate) commonly used in vehicle crash repair workshops remains a leading cause of occupational asthma. Although skin and eye contamination are considered as absorption routes, there are no occupational exposure standards for skin and ocular exposure. This is the reason why there are more empirical data should be provided. Therefore this study was to determine contamination levels of HDI on the skin, eyes, work surfaces, respirators and eye protectors. There was evidence of contamination on a variety of work surfaces, for example, door handles, bench top and spray gun, etc. A high proportion(47~80%) of skin wipe samples from neck, forehead, back hand, palm and wrist was positive for HDI contamination, even though spray time was relatively brief. The contamination levels from spraying inside spray booth were generally higher than outside booth due to poor work practices and inappropriate personal protective use like safety gloves. Apprentices had higher exposure levels than the qualified painters, likely due to lack of the recognition of safety and hygiene. The extent of contamination inside the PPE might provide an indication of the potential for respiratory & skin exposure and ocular exposure. Eye fluid samples from 4 out of 14 workers had the positive detection of HDI contamination, due to poor work practices like no or inappropriate eye protection. Considering the potential for dermal & ocular exposure to contribute to possible health symptoms including respiratory sensitization, the empirical data point to a need for improving work practices and appropriate PPE selection, use and maintenance.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.07c
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• pp.1775-1777
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• 2004

Taihan Electric Wire Co. developed accessories(PJ, EB-G, EB-A, EB-O) for 345kV XLPE $1C{\times}600mm^2$ cable as a small size conductor cable, after installed 345kV XLPE $1C{\times}600mm^2$ cable, PJ and EB-G on Youngseo${\sim}$Youngdeungpo project KEPCO planed in 2003. All of 345kV XLPE $1C{\times}600mm^2$ cable Accessories are finished the type tests successfully. Straight joint as a Prefabricated Joint(PJ) had shorter the days of assembling than those of TMJ used on the 154kV XLPE Cable. Particularly, the use of clean booth to prevent the dusts and the penetration of water also had made the quality of jointing improved.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 2013

Cleanroom could be largely classified into industrial cleanroom that can be contaminated by particles and bio-cleanroom that can be contaminated by biological particles. Electrical manufacturing companies producing precision machines and electrical parts essentially have industrial cloom facilities and clean technologies to produce defects free products due to particles. Industrial cleanroom should be controlled in respect of 4M1E to prevent from foreign materials of sub-micro unit and to keep out contamination sources from outside. In this paper, a concept for a quantitative methodology to measure the particles from running components was suggested by combining both newly making clean booth such as wear tester and laser particle counter.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.353-364
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• 2011

In ubiquitous computing environments, users want to receive the robot services regardless of various physical status or devices such as time, place, various sensors, and high-performance servers. Thus, the ubiquitous service robots have to provide users with automated services according to situational information that they properly recognize. Beyond these problems, robot software has to establish a foundation to support the functions with the network infrastructure that are not able to be solved by a single independent resource. On the basis of a robot middleware that is capable of minimizing dependencies among hierarchy structures, the robot software also has to provide execution environment to control the flow of robot application services. In this paper, we propose a layered architecture to provide users with automated services through ubiquitous robots. The proposed architecture is based on CAWL (Context-Aware Workflow Language) and RSEL (Robot Services Execution Language). CAWL easily represents the flow of robot services from user application service levels, and RSEL is able to support the composition and reusability of robot services through abstraction of robot device services. In our experiments, we applied the proposed architecture to an example of "booth guide robot service".

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.136-146
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• 2000

Although the urban elevated road is welcomed in modern society to deal with urban traffic problems, its negative influence on both the pedestrian environment and urban landscape has been frequently observed. Furthermore, the space under elevated structures has been ignored, being the lost space. Recently, several efforts have been devoted into bringing back the lostspace. However, any specific design guidelines shown in the street design of Japan and Singapore have not been suggested in Korea, yet. This study proposes a case of the Nengdong-Ro street design where the two-story urban elevated road is being constructed and negative effects of the elevated road are largely expected. One of the purposes of Nengdong-Ro street design proposed in this study is to relieve the negative effect os the two-story elevated road, and to provide a better pedestrian environment in Nengdong-Ro. The other purpose is to suggest general guidelines that can be applied to the similar context as Nengdong-Ro. It is considered that the space under the elevated road generally consist of three sections: 1) main section where the elevated road runs parallel with the ground, 2) landing section where elevated road goes down to the ground, and 3) facility section where facilities such as the platform and the ticketing booth are located. The design guidelines are suggested for each section, because each section has a different situation. Plans, section and elevations and the details of the street furniture are also incorporated to support the design guidelines.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.221-225
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• 2007

Recently, on account of stress relief and settlement of a healthy drinking culture, many people are visiting a song practice room. In case of such song practice room, since the mechanical voice through a loud accompaniment-music and microphone is on using, there has made a very loud noise, and it influences a lot to the adjacent other space and song practice room booth. Consequently, from the designing stage an efficient measures for soundproof and sound-insulation should be arranged. However, as most of the song practice room wall-bodies that already built up or under construction step were constructed merely with consideration on an interior-wise factor only, it is suffering at the soundproof and sound-insulation. Reflecting such viewpoint, this Study has measured Sound Transmission Loss on the subject for the song practice room wall-body recently built up, and based on the actually measured data, by practice of comparison?analysis on it using various evaluation methods, would intends to present a fundamental material for establishment an efficient sound-insulation measure.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2008

Throughout the analysis of field data from water distribution system, valid parameters were determined that can be included in the water service and design plan. This study investigates water consumption patterns to understand the variation of water-demand structures utilizing the pattern analysis of domestic purpose water. Water use data were collected by a public water resources management firm in Korea, Kwater, for 140 houses monitored during three years. Flow meters were installed at the faucet for drinking water, the shower booth, the laundry machine, bathroom sink, toilet, and garden faucet. Data was filtered using multiple physically meaningful criteria to improve analysis credibility. Mann Kendall and Spearman's Rho tests were used to carry out the analysis. Distinct factors of water consumption patterns can be determined for both increasing and decreasing trends of water use. Throughout the data analysis, the characterization of terms was classified and analyzed by the condition of the location of water-demand. Analysis of this data provide a physical basis for the parameter configuration of a reasonable design for a domestic water demand prediction model.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.112-117
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• 2004

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are low calorific value gases (LCVG) emitted from chemical processes such as painting booth, dye works and drying processes etc. Characteristics of VOCs are low calorific values less than 150kcal/㎥, high activation energy for ignition and low energy output. These characteristics usually make combustion unstable and its treatment processes needs high-energy consumption. The cyclone combustion system is suitable for LCVG burning because it can recirculate energy through a high swirling flow to supply the activation energy for ignition, increases energy density In make a combustion temperature higher than usual swirl combustor and also increases mixing intensity. This research was conducted to develop optimized cyclone combustion system for thermal oxidation of VOCs. This research was executed to establish the effect of swirl number with respect to the combustion temperature and composition of exhausted gas in the specific combustor design.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.14 no.2 s.42
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• pp.133-139
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• 2005

An activated carbon-photo catalysis hybrid system is proposed for the treatment of VOC produced from paint booth. and its VOC removal performance is experimentally evaluated. Activated carbon tower is designed on the basis of the adsorption characteristics of toluene. Photocatalytic system is designed as the series of $TiO_2/SiO\_2$ fluidized bed reactor and $TiO_2$-coated filters. The present activated carbon-photo catalysis hybrid system shows the VOC removal efficiency within $75\~100\%$ under different VOC species and concentrations.