• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.135-141
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• 2022

Although adequate venous drainage from the cranium is imperative for maintaining normal intracranial pressure, the bony anatomy surrounding the inferior petrosal sinus and the potential for a compressive canal or tunnel has, to our knowledge, not been previously investigated. One hundred adult human skulls (200 sides) were observed and documented for the presence or absence of an inferior petrosal groove or canal. Measurements were made and a classification developed to help better understand their anatomy and discuss it in future reports. We identified an inferior petrosal sinus groove (IPSG) in the majority of specimens. The IPSG began anteriorly where the apex of the petrous part of the temporal bone articulated with the sphenoid part of the clivus, traveled posteriorly, in a slight medial to lateral course, primarily just medial to the petro-occipital fissure, and ended at the anteromedial aspect of the jugular foramen. When the IPSGs were grouped into five types. In type I specimens, no IPSG was identified (10.0%), in type II specimens, a partial IPSG was identified (6.5%), in type III specimens, a complete IPSG (80.0%) was identified, in type IV specimens, a partial IPS tunnel was identified (2.5%), and in type V specimens, a complete tunnel (1.0%) was identified. An improved knowledge of the bony pathways that the intracranial dural venous sinuses take as they exit the cranium is clinically useful. Radiological interpretation of such bony landmarks might improve patient diagnoses and surgically, such anatomy could decrease patient morbidity during approaches to the posterior cranial fossa.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2017

Palatogingival groove (PGG) is an anomaly in the maxillary anterior teeth, often accompanied by the area of bony destruction adjacent to the teeth with no carious or traumatic history. The hidden trap in the tooth can harbor plaque and bacteria, resulting in periodontal destruction with or without pulpal pathologic change. Related diseases can involve periodontal destruction, combined endodontic-periodontal lesions, or separate endodontic and periodontal lesions. Disease severity and prognosis related to PGG depend on several factors, including location, range, depth, and type of the groove. Several materials have been used and recommended for cases of extensive periodontal destruction from PGG to remove and block the inflammatory source and recover the health of surrounding periodontal tissues. Even in cases of severe periodontal destruction, several studies have reported favorable treatment outcomes with proper management. With new options in diagnosis and treatment, clinicians need a detailed understanding of the characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of PGG to successfully manage the condition.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.935-944
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• 2001

The patellofemoral pint is formed by the articulation of the patella and femoral condyles in the trochlear groove. The complexity of the patellofemoral pint is magnified by the fact that the tibiofemoral pint works in conjunction with the patellofemoral pint. Additionally, other pints such as the subtalar pint., hip and sacroiliac pints indirectly contribute to the function of the patellofemoral pint. This pint has little bony stability, Soft tissue surrounds the pint to increase stability. The patellofemoral pint increases the mechanical advantage of the quadriceps muscles and resists mechanical loading. In patellofemoral dysfunction, patellofemoral contact pattern is disrupted. leading to excessive compression at the pint. When you treat the patellofemoral dysfunction, you should evaluate anatomic and biomechanic components and find factors of patellofemoral dysfunction. Hamstring tightness. weakness of VMO and tightness of lateral retinaculum lead to flexed knee and abnormal patella tracking and patellofemoral pint reaction force and patellofemoral dysfunction. A through understanding of the anatomy and biomechanics may assist the clinician in the recognition and treatment of patients with patellofemoral pain. Therefore physical therapists should apply modality as well as therapeutic exercise, stretching and strengthening. In this paper, I will discuss the germane anatomical structures and biomechanics of the patellofemoral pint.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.111-115
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• 2007

Background: Selective diagnostic blocks of the medial branches of the dorsal primary ramus are usually performed under the guidance of fluoroscopic or computed tomography. Recently, however, ultrasound guidance has been suggested as an altemative method. In this study, the distances between the vertebral structures were measured and compared with the values measured using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess the clinical feasibility of using ultrasound-guided block in Korean patients. Methods: Five male and 15 female patients were enrolled in this study. The target point of the medial branch block in our study was the groove at the base of the superior articular process, We measured the depth from the skin to the target point at the transverse process (d-TP) and to the most superficial point of the superior articular process (d-AP). Results: The d-TP and d-AP values measured under ultrasound guidance were concordant with the values measured using MRI. Conclusions: The images of the bony landmarks obtained under ultrasound examination could be useful for ultrasound-guided lumbar medial branch block.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.98-103
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• 2010

목적: 슬개골 재발성 탈구 환자에 있어 관절경 보조하의 외측 유리술 및 내측부 중첩술의 결과를 보고하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 재발성 슬개골 탈구로 수술적 치료를 받은 20 명의 환자, 21례를 대상으로 하였다. 남자가 4 명, 여자가 16명이고 평균연령 20.2세였다. 모든 환자가 외상의 병력이 있었고 평균 추시 기간은 19개월이었다. 수술 결과의 평가는 Lysholm점수와 Kujala슬관절 점수를 이용하였고, 방사선 사진상 congruence angle, lateral patellofemoral angle을 측정하였고, 전산화 단층촬영에서 tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove distance를 측정하였다. 결과: 단순 방사선 사진상 congruence angle은 술전 중위값 $16.5^{\circ}$ (범위, $0.0{\sim}+34^{\circ}$) 에서 추시 시 $-6.4^{\circ}$ (범위, $-19{\sim}10^{\circ}$), lateral patellofemoral angle은 술전 중간값 -4.5도(범위, $-8{\sim}+6^{\circ}$)에서 $4.0^{\circ}$ (범위, $2.0{\sim}10^{\circ}$)로 호전되었다(p=0.034). Lysholm 점수는 수술 전 중위값 70점(범위, 63~81점)에서 최종 추시 시 중위값 88점(범위, 80~95점)이었다(p=0.341). Kujala 슬관절 점수는 수술 전 중위값 72점(범위,65~80점)에서 수술 후 중위값 87점(범위, 80~92점)으로 호전되었다. (p=0.024). 재발성 탈구는 총 2례에서 발생하였으며 1례는 thumb to forearm검사 양성이었던 경우로 재탈구 되어 내측 슬개대퇴인대 재건술을 시행하였다. 결론: 관절경적 외측 유리술 및 내측부 중첩술은 대퇴슬개관절의 골성 부정정렬이 없는 경우에서 시행하여 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있었지만, 관절 이완이 심한 환자에서는 좀 더 주의가 필요하다고 사료된다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.469-477
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• 2009

육안적 검사결과 실험군과 대조군 모두에서 특별한 염증 소견이나 창상 이개 없이 반원 모양의 골형성이 관찰되었다. 조직학적으로 3주째에 대조군, 실험 1군, 실험2군, 실험 3군 모두 이식골 주위 및 티타늄 반구 내면을 따라 신생 골형성이 관찰되었다. 조직학적으로 6주째에 모든 군에서 3주째에 비하여 신생골 면적의 증가 및 성숙 소견이 관찰되었고, 실험2군에서는 부분적으로 이식골이 흡수되면서 신생골이 형성되는 것이 관찰된 반면, 실험 3군에서는 이식골의 흡수 소견이 관찰되지 않았다. 조직형태계측학적으로 3주, 6주 모두 자가골에서 가장 많은 신생골 형성이 나타났고, 신생골 면적 비교시 자가골, 이종골, 합성골 순으로 크게 나타났고, 각 군간의 통계학적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다(p>0.05). 본 연구결과 골유도 재생술시 골형성 능력은 자가골이 가장 좋지만, 자가골 채취가 불가능할 경우, 적절한 차폐막을 사용한 합성골과 이종골 복합 이식방식도 좋은 대체제가 될 것으로 생각된다.