• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.943-949
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• 1996

Bone mineral density depends largely on the status of dietary minerals such as Ca, P, Mg, and F and proteins, physical activities, parathyroid hormone(PTH), calcitonin(CT), and vitamin D. The decrease of bone density often results in bone fractures and osteoporosis which is prevalent among postmenopausal women. This study was intended to examine the role of parathyroid hormone, calcitonin and cholecaliferol in bone density of mice that were fed different dual photon energy beams. We have measured three major parts of the bone : whole body, head and femur. The results are summarized as follows : 1) Bone mineral density (BMD) was more increased by feeding high Ca diet compared to that of the low Ca diet. 2) Both PTH and Vit D3 enhanced BMD in all of the different Ca levels. 3) When the dietary Ca was deequate CT showed a synergistic effect with PTH in boosting bone density, while CT+Vit D3 showed a negative effect. 4) CT tended to inhibit the effect of increasing bone density by PTH and Vit D3 in medium and low Ca groups. 5) The effect of increasing bone density by PTH in the head of mouse increased when dietary Ca was lower : The increment of bone density by PTH in high, medium, and low Ca was 3%, 8%, 19%, respectively. 6) Femur bone density was affected significantly by dietary Ca levels than hormones. The above observations indicate that bone mineral density can be improved by high dietary Ca and hormone injections including PTH, CT and cholecalciferol, and thus proper dietary and hormonal treatment may be used in preventing bone fractures and osteoporosis.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.31-44
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to measure and determine the relationship of femoral neck and lumbar bone mineral density with their and related factors. It were measured and determined the relationships among bone mineral density, bone mineral content in the lumbar and femoral neck, muscle strength (arm, back, leg), muscle endurance, instrumental activity of daily living (IADL), quality of life, cognitive perceptual variables(self efficacy, perceived health status), age, age at menopausal period. The twenty five subjects participating in this study consisted of twelve males and thirteen females at a C-institution in Chung Buk province. The mean age of subjects was 73.64 years. The data was collected from August, 1993 to September, 1993. The data was analyzed with $x^2-test$, t-test, Correlation, multiple regression using a SPSS pc+ program. 1. The mean femoral neck bone mineral density was $0.636g/cm^2$, 66.7% of young bone mineral density, the mean lumbar($L_2-L_4$) bone mineral density was $0.807g/cm^2$, 79.86% of young bone mineral density. The mean fermoral neck bone mineral content was 2.906g and the mean lumbar bone mineral content was 36.898g. 2. The mean muscle strength was 17.14kg(grip strength), 32.05kg(back lift strength), 17.14kg (leg lift strength) and the mean muscle endurance was 9.92times. 3. Men showed a significantly higher score (p<0.01) in muscle strength and muscle endurance than women, as well as a significantly higher score on self efficacy and perceived health status(p<0.05). 4. The femur neck bone mineral density had a significant correlation(p<0.0l) with leg lift strength, back lift strength, and their was a significant correlations (p<0.05) with arm strength and muscle endurance. Lumbar ($L_2-L_2$) bone mineral density had a significant correlation(p<0.05) with muscle endurance, grip strength and IADL. 5. With the multiple regression analysis the most significant predictor for lumbar bone mineral density were IADL, the most significant predictor for femoral neck bone mineral density was leg strength. This study concluded: As the mean bone mineral density and bone mineral content were low, the aged showed osteopenia. Bone mineral density, muscle strength and IADL were correlated. The aged could pro mote muscle strength, bone mineral density and IADL through Leg Press exercise which was safe and efficient for the aged. This Leg Press exercise contributed to prevention of osteoporosis and promoted the health of the aged.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.195-202
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• 2013

본 연구는 20대부터 50대까지의 광주, 전남에 거주하는 180명의 건강한 성인 여성을 대상으로 진행되었다. 골대사지표로 골형성지표인 BAP와 OC, 골흡수지표인 NTx를 측정하였으며 골밀도로는 T-score를 이용하였다. 일반적 특징으로 영향 요인으로 연령, 음주, 신체 활동량, 골다공증에 대한 가족력, 폐경, 건강기능성식품 섭취 여부, BMI, 체지방률을 분석하였다. 연령에 따라 비교했을 때 BAP와 OC는 20대가 다른 나이군에 비해 낮았고 음주군은 비음주군에 비해 BAP가 더 높았다. 활동 정도에 따라서는 차이가 없었고 골다공증에 대한 가족력이 있는 군은 골다공증에 대한 가족력이 없는 군에 비해 BAP가 더 높았다. 또한 폐경군은 폐경전군에 비해 BAP가 더 높았으며 건강보조식품 섭취 여부에 따라서는 생화학적 골대사지표나 골밀도의 차이가 없었다. BMI에 따라서는 생화학적 골대사지표 및 골밀도의 차이가 없었지만 체지방률에 따라 분류했을 때는 정상군에 비해 비만군의 BAP가 더 높았고 골밀도는 더 낮았다. 이상의 결과로 보아 노령군, 음주, 골다공증에 대한 가족력, 폐경, 비만이 있는 경우 골형성지표가 증가하였고 특히 비만군에서 골밀도가 낮은 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 골대사지표로 보았을 때, 한국인 여성들은 골 건강을 위해서 나이가 증가함에 따라 음주 및 비만 관리가 중요함을 시사하였다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.312-323
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• 2013

Variables affecting bone heath of growing children were analyzed among forty nine 10-12 year old elementary students in three rural regions of north west Chungnam area. Information on age of the parents, duration of breast feeding and birth weight were collected from the guardians of the participants and nutrient intake and diet quality were assessed by average of three-day food records of participants with the help of dietitians. Bone health status was measured by calceneal broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) using quantitative ultrasound (QUS). Results showed that anthropometic indexes and nutrient intake levels were not different between boys and girls. However, iron intake was significantly lower in girls than in boys. Girls after menarche showed lower intake levels for thiamin, riboflavin, pyridoxine and niacin than girls before menarche. z-scores of BMI were lower than -1 and higher than +1 showed shorter breast feeding period than others but the difference was statistically non-significant. Overall, the subjects did not consume enough s of calcium, vitamin C and folic acid. Zinc intake and BMI were the most significant factors affecting BUA by the results of backward elimination in multiple regression models. Phosphorous and beta-carotene intakes showed significant negative relation with BUA. This study showed that children living in the rural area of Chungnam need extra care to keep their health and nutrient intakes especially for the nutrients known to affect growth. Tailored nutrition education needs to be more focused on the improvement of bone health status of children.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.218-227
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• 2020

Objective : To evaluate and compare the clinical and radiographic features of 25 patients with infectious spondylitis treated with anterior debridement and reconstruction using autogenous bone grafts vs. a metal cage with allogenic bone grafts. Methods : The study analyzed 25 patients diagnosed with infectious thoracolumbar spondylitis who underwent anterior radical debridement and reconstruction. Autogenous bone grafts were used in 13 patients (group 1), and a metal cage with allogenic bone grafts was used in 12 patients (group 2). Clinical outcomes were assessed by the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores and neurological status. Additionally, the serological results and the radiographic results using the sagittal Cobb angle were compared. Fusion was evaluated by computed tomography (CT) imaging at 24 months postoperatively. Results : Both groups showed a significant decrease in the postoperative mean VAS scores; however, only, group 1 patients showed a significantly higher VAS score than group 2 patients, 1 month postoperatively (p=0.002). The postoperative neurological status significantly improved. Elevated C-reactive protein levels and erythrocyte sedimentation rate values returned to normal limits at the 2-year follow-up without recurrent infection. No significant intergroup difference was observed in Cobb angle. Bony fusion was confirmed in all patients at CT 24 months postoperatively. Conclusion : Although the use of a metal cage with allogenic bone grafts for anterior column reconstruction remains controversial, our results suggest that it can be considered as an effective treatment of option for anterior column reconstruction in patients with infectious spondylitis.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.240-249
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• 2007

The objective of this study was to investigate the relation of serum calcium level, body mass index(BMI) with bone status expressed as broadband ultrasound attenuation(BUA) measured by quantitative ultrasound (QUS) and the occurrence of osteopenia among adult men and women. Two hundred eleven(63 male and 148 female) workers who worked in 4 different battery factories were recruited from March 2005 to October 2005. BUA was used as a surrogate of bone mineral density and measured at left calcaneous bone area. The BUA value transformed into T-score by WHO standard conversion criteria to determine osteopenia (-2.5

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2005

Nutrition factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between nutritional status and bone mineral density of elderly women. Three hundred thirty five elderly women (over 65 years) in Asan were divided into three age groups (group 1, less than 70 y ; group 2, from 70 to 75 y ; group 3, 75 y or more). Total alkaline phosphatase and serum calcium (Ca) were analyzed using spectrophotometric procedure. Data for food and nutrient intakes were obtained by a 24-hour recall method. Bone density was measured by broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) using QUS-2. Age differences were tested with the X 2 test for categorical variables and with ANOVA and Tukey's test for continuous variables. Correlation was conducted to test the association between bone density and nutrient intake. The subjects in age groups 1,2 and 3 were $36.7\%$, $32.8\%$ and $30.4\%$, respectively. Height and body weight of the subjects were significantly decreased with age. Average bone density of the subjects in group 3 was lower than the other age groups. Osteoporosis determined by t-score is $17.9\%$ for group 1, $24.5\%$ for group 2 and $55.9\%$ for group 3 (p < 0.001). The serum Ca level of the subjects in group 2 was significantly lower than that of group 1 although mean values in all age groups are within the normal range. Dietary Ca intake, nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) and index of nutrient quality (INQ) were decreased with age. Bone density was negatively correlated with age (p < 0.001), while body mass index (p < 0.01) was positively related with bone density. Although partial correlation did not reveal the significant correlation of BMD and dietary calcium after controlling for age, since calcium intake was very poor compared to sodium and phosphorous intakes, recommendation of more calcium intake for elderly women especially those over 75 years must be continuously emphasized.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제37권12호
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• pp.69-78
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• 1999

This study was desingned to investigate the relationships between bone mineral density(BMD) of the lumbar spine($L2\rightarrowL4$) and menopausal symptoms, health conciousness, bone health status, activity intensity, preference of food saltiness in 41 postmenopausal women. Lumbago was main menopausal symptom, and BMD of the subjects with lumbago was significantly low compared with BMD of the subjects without lumbago(p<0.01). BMD of the subjects who felt healthy was significantly higher than BMD of them who felt inbetween or weak(p<0.05). BMD of the subjects who had good bone status of the lumbar spine was significantly higher than BMD of them who had bent lumbar spine or experienced bone fracture(p<0.001). BMD of the subjects who were active was significantly higher than BMD of them whose activity was moderate or sedentary(p<0.05). BMD of the subjects who preferred very insipid taste was significantly high compared with BMD of them who preferred insipid, moderate or salty taste, and BMD of the subjects who preferred very salty taste was significantly low(p<0.01). This study suggested that decrease of BMD of the lumbar spine was significantly related to lumbago, bone fracture and bent lumbar spine. And when they were active and not preferred salty taste, bone loss of the lumbar spine was decreased.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.655-662
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• 2005

Body content bone mined density and nutrient intake status of 129 college women in Daegu area are analyze4 The mean age was 23.1 years. Bone mineral density was measured in their right heel by SONOST-2000 ultrasound bone densitometer, and nutrient intake was assessed by a Questionnaire. Diet intake data were obtained by using a 24 hours recall method to evaluate the subject's usual diet. The average energy, Ca, Ee, Zn and folate intakes were 64.2, 47.5, 54.7, 62.9 and $57.4\%$ of RDA, respectively. Ca/P and Ca/Protein ratio were 0.46 and 6.7, respectively. The mean adequacy ratio(MAR), an index of overall dietary quality wag 0.6. The index of nutritional quality was under 1.0 for protein(0.7), vitamin A(0.9), E(0.7), $B_1(0.8)$, niacin(0.8), $B_6(0.6)$ and phosphorus(0.6). The less the protein and energy intake, the less the bone mineral density(p<0.05). The intakes of protein(p<0.05) and that of phosphorus(p<0.001) were positively correlated with bone quality index(BQI). The calcium intake was positively correlated with Z-score(p<0.05). The phosphorus intake was positively correlated with T-score(p<0.001) and Z-score(p<0.0001). In conclusion, this study indicates that nutrient intake of the college women is considerably lower than the RDA. Also the BQI is lower than standard.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.793-807
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• 2006

This study was performed to estimate the effect of alphacalcidol supplementation or nutrition education on the nutrient intakes, bone mineral density and bone markers in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. The 90 CAPD subjects were randomly assigned to 3 groups (alphacalcidol group: AG, nutrition education group: NG, and control group: CG). Alphacalcidol supplementation($0.5{\mu}g/day$) was carried out for 8 months. Nutrition counseling was performed according to the patient s individual question for the first 6 months and scheduled nutrition education with individual counseling was carried out for the last 2 months. In baseline data. there were no significant differences in age, sex, family number, education years and monthly income except the NG showed significantly less duration of CAPD (p< 0.05) compared to other two groups. After intervention all three groups showed tendency of lower intakes. NG revealed less decrease in protein, especially in animal protein calcium from Ca-P binder, dietary calcium, dietary iron and niacin. NG showed significantly more increase in dry weight (p<0.05) and AG in waist circumference (p<0.001) after intervention. The groups did not show significant differences in the changes of biochemical indices related to bone metabolism. NG revealed more increase in trochanter BMD(p < 0.05) compared to other two groups. It seems that nutrition education is more effective in preventing deterioration or improving the bone and general nutrition status.