• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.178-185
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• 2016

This study was designed to develop and to qualify a coffee alternative beverage using a mixture of coffee beans and roasted black beans (Rhynchosia nulubilis). Therefore, the total isoflavone content (TIC), total phenol content (TPC), antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory activity, NFATc1 (Nuclear factor of activated T-cells c1) expression in RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and sensory evaluation were measured for 5 different Cb (coffee bean)-RoS (roasted seomoktae) mixture extracts (Cb100RoS0, Cb75RoS25, Cb50RoS50, Cb25RoS75, and Cb0RoS100). Cb0RoS100 had the highest TIC ($516.83{\pm}36.61mg/100g$) and TPC ($18.11{\pm}1.77mg$ TAE/100 g) along with the highest antioxidant activity as measured by DPPH radical scavenging activity ($73.55{\pm}8.11%$) and ABTS radical scavenging activity ($63.27{\pm}7.27%$). Also, Cb0RoS100 showed the highest anti-inflammatory activity as measured by NO production ($13.57{\pm}2.21{\mu}M$) and PGE2 production ($3.25{\pm}0.21ng/mL$). The more the RoS ratio was increased in the mixtures of Cb-RoS, the more the NFATc1 protein expression was decreased in RANKL-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In case of sensory evaluation, Cb50RoS50 had the highest scores for flavor, delicate flavor and overall quality, which were similar to those in Cb alone (Cb100RoS0). We suggest that the use of RoS replacement instead of Cb in/as a coffee alternative beverage may help to reduce the risk of caffeine-related bone loss and/or bone disease by effectively blocking NFATc1 expression in RANKL-stimulated RAW264.7 cells compared with Cb alone.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.119-125
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• 2007

Dlx3 is a homeodomain protein and is known to play a role in development and differentiation of many tissues. Deletion of four base pairs in DLX3 (NT3198) is causally related to tricho-dento-osseous (TDO) syndrome (OMIM #190320), a genetic disorder manifested by taurodontism, hair abnormalities, and increased bone density in the cranium. The molecular mechanisms that explain the phenotypic characteristics of TDO syndrome have not been clearly determined. In this study, we examined phenotypic characteristics of wild type DLX3(wtDlx3) and 4-BP DEL DLX3 (TDO mtDlx3) in C2C12 cells. To investigate how wtDlx3 and TDO mtDlx3 differentially regulate osteoblastic differentiation, reporter assays were performed by using luciferase reporters containing the promoters of alkaline phosphatase, bone sialoprotein or osteocalcin. Both wtDlx3 and TDO mtDlx3 enhanced significantly all the reporter activities but the effect of mtDlx3 was much weaker than that of wtDlx3. In spite of these differences in reporter activity, electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that both wtDlx3 and TDO mtDlx3 formed similar amounts of DNA binding complexes with Dlx3 binding consensus sequence or with ALP promoter oligonucleotide bearing the Dlx3 binding core sequence. TDO mtDlx3 exhibits a longer half-life than wtDlx3 and it corresponds to PESTfind analysis result showing that potential PEST sequence was missed in carboxy terminal of TDO mtDlx3. In addition, co-immunoprecipitation demonstrated that TDO mtDlx3 binds to Msx2 more strongly than wtDlx3. Taken together, though TDO mtDlx3 acted as a weaker transcriptional activator than wtDlx3 in osteoblastic cells, there is possibility that during in vivo osteoblast differentiation TDO mtDlx3 may antagonize transcriptional repressor activity of Msx2 more effectively and for longer period than wtDlx3, resulting in enhancement of osteoblast differentiation.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.235-247
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• 1998

Calcium sulfate has a long history of medical use as an implant material. The biocompatibiliry of the material has been clearly established. Bone ingrowth concomitant with resorption occurs rapidly with efficient conduction of bone from particle to particle. Calcium sulfate also has a potential for functioning as a good bamer membrane. The purpose of this study was to compare the biocompatibility of different types of calcium sulfate grafting materials including an expelimental calcium sulfate compound on periodontal ligament cells in vitro as a preliminary test towards the development of a more convenient and useful form of grafting material which could promote regeneration of periodontal tissue. Human periodontal ligament cells were collected from the premolar teeth extracted for orthodontic treatment. cells were cultured in a.MEM culture medium containing 20% FBS, at $37^{\circ}C$ and 100% humidity, in a 5% CO2 incubator. Cells were cultured into 96 well culture plate $1{\times}104$ cells per well with $\alpha$-MEM and incubated for 24 hours. After discarding the medium, those cells were cultured in $\alpha$-MEM contained with 10% FBS alone (control group), in medcal-grade calcium sulfate(MGCS group), in plaster(plaster group), experimental calcium sulfate paste(CS paste group) for 1, 2, 3 day respectively. And then each group was characterized by examining of the cell counting, MTI assay, collagen synthesis. The results \vere as follows. 1. In the analysis of cell proliferation by cell counting, both medical-grdde calcium sulfate group and plaster group showed no stastically significant difference at day 1, 2, 3 accept for plaster group at day 1 compared to control group, but there was stastically significant difference between CS paste group and all other groups at day 1, 2, 3(P<0.05). 2. In the analysis of cytotoxicity by MIT assay, both medical-grade calcium sJlfate group and plaster group showed no stastically significant difference compared to control group at day 1, 2, 3 but there was stastically significant difference between CS paste group and all other groups at day 1, 2, 3(P<0.OS). 3. In the analysis of collagen synthesis by immunoblotting assay, high level was detected for medical-grade calcium sulfate group and plaster group at day 1, 2, 3 compared to CS paste group. On the basis of these results, medical-grade calcium sulfate and plaster was shown to possess biocompatibility whereas the CS paste had unfavourable outcome. This observation shows a need for modification of the materials contained in calcium sulfate paste.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.149-163
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• 2005

Family has emerged as a key concept for health, and it has been identified as one of the most important conditions. The relationship between health habit and its management is different depending on family. The odd pair family, mostly rural lower income class, worry to have poor health because of no spouse and small family size. One thousand eight hundred and seventy(1870) subjects were collected in 9 provinces through the sampling of Probability Proportional to Size (PPS). Questionnaire method was conducted on health checking, bath states, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, and the prevalence of farmer's health related problems. The main results were as follows: 1) The characteristics of odd pair families are that the head of household is female(77% ), the size of family is small(1.76 persons), the education level is low(7.5 years for male, 3.1 years for female) and the age group is old (male: 89.78 year old, female: 73.69 year old). 2) For the odd pair family, the frequency of health checking is quite low with one or two times per year(l0.2%) and the rate of no-health checking is much higher(35.8%) .3) Bathing utility is not available 29.6% of the odd pair family and only cold water is supplied at home for the 11.5 % of them. However, for the paired family, 9.8 % of them has no bathing utility and the rate of the family supplied with only cold water is just 7.9%. 4) The bathing frequency score of odd pair family is l.74points for male and 1.25 points for female. 5) The rate of smoking habits for odd pair family is 68.5 % and specially it is 7.6% for female, which is higher comparing with that of pair family. 6) The smoking frequency score of odd pair family is 1.57 points. 7) Alcohol drinking frequency score of odd pair family is 1.79 points for male, and 3.24points for female. 8) Farmers' syndrome(FS) revealed 38.7% of odd pair family and it is lower than that of pair family(57.3%). Special pain of FS was huckle bone and muscle(28.4%) and articular pain(24.l %). The pain rate of huckle bone and muscle(43.l %) and articular pain(33.5%) were higher in a year in odd pair family were lower than those of pair family: farming machine caused accidents(6.5%) and pesticide poisoning(5.7%). l0) The odd pair family use more frequently medical clinic or public health center for the treatment of FS(74.7%) and pesticide poisoning(62.5%) than the pair family for FS(69.0%) and for pesticide poisoning(.53.6%). The score of FS treatment is 5.70 points for odd pair family and it is not significantly different from 5.62 points of the paired family. The result of pesticide poisoning treatment score is as same as that of FS.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.71-81
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• 2005

Objective : Dear antler (Cervus korean TEMMINCK var. mantchuricus Swinhoe) used for traditional immunosuppressive and immuno-activating action. The effect of deer antler herbal-acupuncture(DAH) solution, prepared by water extract method, on cathepsin activities in bone tissues (cartilage and synovial) cells from mouse rheumatoid arthritis (RA) model was studied. The cysteine endoprotease cathepsin mediates degradation of the MHC class II invariant chain (Ii) in human and mouse antigen-presenting cells. The studies described here examine the functional significance of cathepsin inhibition on autoantigen presentation and organ-specific autoimmune diseases in a murine model for RA. Methods : An animal model for RA in BALB/c mice thymectomized 3 days after birth (3d-Tx) was constructed All 3d-Tx BALB/c mice developed autoimmune lesions in the bone tissue cells, starting at 3 weeks of age, and the disease mediated by CD4+ T cells was chronic and progressive. Significant inhibitory effects of DAH solution on cathepsin S and L were observed in each organ in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, we confirmed that cathepsin S and L activity in each organ were clearly inhibited by DAB solution. When we examined the inhibitory effects of DAH solution against autoantigen-specific T cell responses in vitro, in regional lymph node cells, but not in spleens, from model mice, a significant inhibitory effect of DAB solution was observed in a dose-dependent manner. DAH solution do not block T cell proliferation to Con A, indicated that the dose of DAB solution 10 to $20\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ was sufficient to inactivate the autoantigen-specific T cell responses in vitro. In vivo therapeutic effects of DAB solution were examined in a murine model for RA, autoantigen-specific (C-II-specific) T cell response were significantly inhibited in LNCs from DAH solution-treated mice. Results : Iinhibition of cathepsin S and L in vivo alters autoantigen presentation and development of organ-specific autoimmunity in RA model. Conclusion : These data identify selective inhibition of cysteine protease cathepsin S and L as a potential therapeutic strategy for autoimmune disease process such RA. Thus, DAH solution will served as a potent anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic agents for treatment of human RA.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.133-140
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• 2013

Cyclic neutropenia is a hematologic disorder characterized by a marked decrease in the number of circulating neutrophils occurring at regular intervals and after this period, the level of neutrophils usually recovers to a normal range. The clinical symptoms of cyclic neutropenia include fever, malaise, headaches and oral findings associated with painful soft tissue ulceration where lips, tongue and gingiva are typically involved. A 4 year 1 month old boy was presented to the hospital. His chief complaint was mobility of his teeth and swollen gums. The patient had suffered from cyclic neutropenia. Clinical examination revealed evident decay on all primary teeth except for the mandibular anterior teeth and localized alveolar bone loss around mandibullar right and left first primary molars which have mobility was notable. The patient was diagnosed with multiple dental caries, gingivitis and localized periodontitis associated with cyclic neutropenia and treated based on it. The dental treatment, including regular tooth care and appropriate treatment of dental caries or gingivitis, is essential for patients suffering cyclic neutropenia. Especially, proper care at an early stage is needed for young patients to minimize the unwanted consequences for permanent teeth development.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.111-116
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• 2021

Purpose: Variations in the preferred conservative and operative treatment methods for ankle arthritis may be observed in the practice of orthopedic surgeons. This study is based on the Korean Foot and Ankle Society (KFAS) member survey and aims to report the current trend and changes in the management of ankle arthritis over the last few decades. Materials and Methods: A web-based questionnaire containing 24 questions was sent to all KFAS members in July 2021. The questions were mainly related to the preferred techniques and clinical experience in osteotomy, arthrodesis, and total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) for patients with ankle arthritis. Results: Sixty-three out of 550 surgeons (11.5%) responded to the survey. The responses to 6 out of the total of 24 questions (25.0%) achieved the levels needed to reflect a tendency. Answers that showed a tendency were related to the following: a surgical approach for arthrodesis (anterior approach), use of auto-bone graft for arthrodesis (iliac bone), a nonunion rate of more than 10% following arthrodesis, main reason related to unsatisfactory results after arthrodesis (nonunion or delayed union), the main reason to change total ankle prosthesis (unstable supply of prosthesis), the unusualness of revision TAA and conversion of fusion to TAA. Diversity was found in several aspects of treatment (degree of experience and satisfaction in supramalleolar osteotomy, fixation method for arthrodesis, preferred TAA prosthesis and longevity, degree of experinece, annual number of TAA operation. Conclusion: This study proposes updated information with regard to the current trends in the management of ankle arthritis in Korea. Both consensus and variations in the approach to patients with ankle arthritis were identified through this survey. With an increasing preference for TAA, the need for the development of a prosthesis optimized for Koreans and a stable supply of prostheses were the suggestions made by the study.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.466-478
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• 2022

Objective: ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT is often used for detecting malignancy in patients with newly diagnosed hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), with acceptable sensitivity but relatively low specificity. The aim of this study was to improve the diagnostic ability of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in identifying malignancy in patients with HLH by combining ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT and clinical parameters. Materials and Methods: Ninety-seven patients (age ≥ 14 years) with secondary HLH were retrospectively reviewed and divided into the derivation (n = 71) and validation (n = 26) cohorts according to admission time. In the derivation cohort, 22 patients had malignancy-associated HLH (M-HLH) and 49 patients had non-malignancy-associated HLH (NM-HLH). Data on pretreatment ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT and laboratory results were collected. The variables were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test or Pearson's chi-square test, and a nomogram for predicting M-HLH was constructed using multivariable binary logistic regression. The predictors were also ranked using decision-tree analysis. The nomogram and decision tree were validated in the validation cohort (10 patients with M-HLH and 16 patients with NM-HLH). Results: The ratio of the maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the lymph nodes to that of the mediastinum, the ratio of the SUVmax of bone lesions or bone marrow to that of the mediastinum, and age were selected for constructing the model. The nomogram showed good performance in predicting M-HLH in the validation cohort, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.875 (95% confidence interval, 0.686-0.971). At an appropriate cutoff value, the sensitivity and specificity for identifying M-HLH were 90% (9/10) and 68.8% (11/16), respectively. The decision tree integrating the same variables showed 70% (7/10) sensitivity and 93.8% (15/16) specificity for identifying M-HLH. In comparison, visual analysis of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT images demonstrated 100% (10/10) sensitivity and 12.5% (2/16) specificity. Conclusion: ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT may be a practical technique for identifying M-HLH. The model constructed using ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT features and age was able to detect malignancy with better accuracy than visual analysis of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT images.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.43.1-43.11
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• 2020

Capicua (CIC) is a transcriptional repressor that regulates several developmental processes. CIC deficiency results in lymphoproliferative autoimmunity accompanied by expansion of CD44^hiCD62L^lo effector/memory and follicular Th cell populations. Deletion of Cic alleles in hematopoietic stem cells (Vav1-Cre-mediated knockout of Cic) causes more severe autoimmunity than that caused by the knockout of Cic in CD4⁺CD8⁺ double positive thymocytes (Cd4-Cre-mediated knockout of Cic). In this study, we compared splenic CD4⁺ T cell activation and proliferation between whole immune cell-specific Cic-null (Cic^f/f;Vav1-Cre) and T cell-specific Cic-null (Cic^f/f;Cd4-Cre) mice. Hyperactivation and hyperproliferation of CD4⁺ T cells were more apparent in Cic^f/f;Vav1-Cre mice than in Cic^f/f;Cd4-Cre mice. Cic^f/f;Vav1-Cre CD4⁺ T cells more rapidly proliferated and secreted larger amounts of IL-2 upon TCR stimulation than did Cic^f/f;Cd4-Cre CD4⁺ T cells, while the TCR stimulation-induced activation of the TCR signaling cascade and calcium flux were comparable between them. Mixed wild-type and Cic^f/f;Vav1-Cre bone marrow chimeras also exhibited more apparent hyperactivation and hyperproliferation of Cic-deficient CD4⁺ T cells than did mixed wild-type and Cic^f/f;Cd4-Cre bone marrow chimeras. Taken together, our data demonstrate that CIC deficiency at the beginning of T cell development endows peripheral CD4⁺ T cells with enhanced T cell activation and proliferative capability.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.173-180
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• 2001

The fertilized eggs of Hyporhampus sajori (Temminck et Schlegel) were collected on the shore of Youngil Bay, Phohang-shi, Korea, on May 27, 1991, and were hatched and reared in the laboratory to investigate osteological development of larvae and juveniles. The newly hatched larvae were 7.00~8.50 mm (mean 7.80 mm, n = 5) in total length (TL) and had an ossified cranium, visceral skeleton and shoulder girdle bones. At 8 days, the larvae had attained 10.07~14.75 mm (mean 13.07 mm, n = 5) in TL had elongated dentaries anteriorly, and their vertebral columns were posteriory ossified. At 14 days, the larvae had attained 17.62~19.35 mm (mean 19.20 mm, n = 5) in TL, had ossified pterygiophores, and 41 slender ribs on the vertbrae. At 16 days, the larvae were 18.90~24.72 mm (mean 23.00 mm, n = 5) in TL and had three ossified epurals. Ossification of the jaw bone and operculum of the newly hatched larvae, which was related to feeding and respiration was almost completed 37 days after hatching.