• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.45-57
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• 2002

21th century is evolving from physical to brain-oriented society, and from class oriented society to network society. In the midst of it, bobos is the new enlightened elite group. In depth analyzationon of the beat generation from the 1950's and hippies from the 1960's, which had influenced the bobos, were done to study on such new and core elite group. According to the research, the emerging of bobos was originated and created from the long gone conflict between the beat and bourgeois, and the hippie and the conservative. And this mixed culture of both free-spirited hippie and materialistic yuppies from the 80's is rapidly growing, and they are easily seem from various commercial advertisements, accessories and fashion designs. In addition, the bobo's were targeted by the main designers, and expressed through bohemian luxury and romantic hippie mood. Naive and childish floral prints, paisley prints that were influenced by the hippies, the hair styles from the 80's and washed denims were seen at the collections. However, the symbolism of the 60's defiant fashion styles seem to fade away but remains only as a style. The comparison and analyzation between the fashion of bobos, hidden meaning of those defiant fashion styles and the aesthetics of it are arranged in the following conclusions.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.379-385
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• 2000

tRNA and 7SL RNA based antisense vehicles were prepared by inserting conserved anti-viral and anti-viroid domains. Anti-PVS coat protein leader sequence (ACPL) and antistructural antihairpin domain of PSTVd (AHII) were inserted in tRNA cassette; anti- zing finger domain of PVS, AHII and anti hop latent viroid ribozyme were inserted in 7SL RNA gene isolated from A. thaliana. These constructs were shown to be transcribed both, in in vitro and in in vivo conditions. However, it followed from our work that closely linked position of PoIII reference genes and PoIIII antisense genes within T-DNA lead to the impairment of RNA expression in transgenic plants. To assay in vivo transcription of antisense genes, hairy root potato cultures were established using h. tumefaciens A4-24 bearing both, Ri plasmid and PoIII-promoterless plant expression vectors with antisense RNA genes. Expression of antisense RNA in transgenic potato tissues was proven by specific RT-PCR reactions.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.539-548
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to know outer and inner characteristics of Bobos style regarded the latest fashion and to estimate the characteristics of fashion trend in 21st century and direction of fashion in the future, In terms of contentions of this study, we firstly studied concept, background, general characteristics which had been introduced in Sociology. And then, we studied the effect which the style of Bobos had been given by investigating the concept and style of Hippies and Yuppies. Also, we analysed trend of Bobos represented in modem fashion and tried to examine outer and inner features of Bobos through the result of analysis. Bobos can defined as 'Bourgeois Bohemian' who have both mundane desire about success and are high-educated elite class in information-oriented society. The fashion styles which had affected Bobos were psychedelic, naturalism, unisex, ethnic, layered, grunge of Hippies in 1960s and traditional, power-look, contemporary-look, sports wear, casual wear of Yuppies in 1980s. As a result of examining features of Bobos style, we can know that outer feature of Bobos style showed a reasonable harmony regardless of formalities and inner features showed a tendency to seek comforts. Also, Bobos style showed various and free styles, textile materials and colors and complex features to transcend the time and region, and culture.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.145-159
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• 2008

This study has examined the shift in fashion styles in Korea by analyzing trends in fashion environment and fashion image by seasons in Korea to understand the domestic fashion flow from 2000 to 2006. Since 2000, with the well-being trend, polarization of consumption, preference in luxury orientation, and digital revolution, consumers became individualized and detail oriented. They also became smart consumers equipped with information and knowledge in making choice and purchasing products suiting their taste. To satisfy the consumer trend, fashion market also saw changes such as expansion of advanced distribution, totalization of brands, growing of on-line shopping mall, expansion of outdoor-wear market, and formation of masstage(mass+prestage) market. Fashion images in domestic women's wear since 2000 are analyzed as classic, elegant, minimalism, romantic, bohemian & vintage, ethnic, glam, girlish, kidult, sportive, femiculine, military, and lingerie image. Classic, romantic, and bohemian & vintage are the images that were popular throughout 2000 to 2006. Fashion images of domestic women's wear showed changes in three periods: Sportive image was popular in FW 2002; military image in SS 2003 to SS 2005; and femiculine, glam, and minimalism images in FW 2005 to FW 2006. Through information and detail-oriented emotion, the wide-ranging acceptance of global trends, the consumer tendency towards purchasing products quickly and conveniently, the speedy supply of trendy products both on-line and in-store, and the evolution of the fashion market towards providing one-stop shopping and a cultural space, different fashion images have all emerged at the same time in Korea. It looks like this phenomenon is set to continue for a while.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.71-85
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• 2016

Since their emergence in the 1960s, music festivals have attracted young people the world over with similar tastes, attitudes and styles. Now a worldwide phenomenon, music festivals such as Glastonbury in England, Primavera Sound in Barcelona, Spain and Pentaport Rock Festival in Incheon, South Korea draw hundreds of thousands of attendees from around the world and have become a major event not only for music fans, but for trend forecasters who now chronicle what has come to be known as "festival fashion", which has several distinctive style markers. This paper provides a historical background of festival fashion, examines the phenomenon using fashion theory and discusses the controversies facing the music festival and festival fashion, in particular the role that sponsorship from major corporations currently plays as advertisers who want to get their products into the hands of influential festival attendees and allegations of cultural appropriation on the part of attendees. In conclusion, the future of music festivals and festival fashion as a category is examined.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.47-59
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to grasp the meaning of retro-fashion, to research the formative feature characteristic and aesthetic values. Retro-fashion is one of the expression of spatiotemporal-eclecticism, The formative of modern Retro-fashion are as follows: First, Retro-fashion based on spatiotemporal-eclecticism have been come from 40s, 50s, 60s, 70s, 80s style of time, and the asia, africa, middle east, latin America in region. Second, the design inspiration and technique is used more primitive crafts and decoration like handcrafted material, handmade ornaments as dyeing and embroidery of bohemian, jacqwuard pattern, oriental beads, applique, new hippie touch, patchwork, smocking, primitive button, woods, ethnic motives. Third, modern Retro-fashion is reflection of human feelings as nostalgia from the past, it supplies the sense of fashion creativity and new ideas.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.8
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• pp.187-201
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• 2004

This study identified the characteristics of the consumer culture of the American Bobos(Bourgeois Bohemian) and the British POSH(Port Out, Starboard Home) and their influence on the consumption culture in Korea. The sociocultural background, values and consumption patterns of both Bobos and POSH were analyzed through a literature survey. Korean periodicals were analyzed to identify the influence of Bobos and POSH on the Korean consumer culture. The results suggested that the characteristics of both Bobos and POSH were reflected in their lifestyles or values through their consumption and possessions. In addition, it was found that Korean consumers appeared to be more influenced by Bobosthan POSH.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.634-646
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• 2007

The aim of his study is to understand the developed aspect and proportions of the exotic images. Thus, this analyzed the exotic images in domestic fashion brand items as an relevance with fashion trend information. The exotic images are in the order of 'ethnic', 'retro', artistic', 'elegance', 'primitive', 'seductive', 'folklore', 'extreme hybrid', 'romantic', 'natural', 'splendid', 'bohemian', 'classical', 'kidult', 'modern', 'traditional', 'vintage' expressed in domestic fashion goods by the categories of its key-words expressed fashion trend information, and suitable for the fashion trend in 21C and fashionable for goods in the domestic fashion market by expressing the racial costume images and retro look, the maximized women's elegance, the difference images with an humor and unfamiliarity.

• Korea and Global Affairs
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.107-150
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• 2019

The article is intended to examine the four main vocalists, including Freddie Mercury, of the legendary rock group Queen, whose movie has generated a "Queen Syndrome" all over the world, and is widely shared by nearly 10 million viewers in Korea. In today's era of cultural content, this paper studied the relationship between their personality and character in the sense of storytelling for the four Queen members who left charismatic voices and beautiful pop music harmonies. As a theoretical background, I will focus our research on the members' psychological and human factors for the popularization of rock music, but I will apply the environmental factors that each member has been born and lived in, as well as the factors of family relations, such as parents. Queen is a band that has performed throughout the world for about 20 years, from the early 1970s to the birth and disappearance of a rock group. In sum, the four members of Queen, who have strong personalities, showed various musical possibilities by combining completely different genres such as acafella, ballad, opera and hard rock, depending on their taste and imagination, and achieved legendary fame that transcended generations by displaying excellent skills in communicating with the public. The four personality and characters, the rock group Queen and its main vocal Freddie Mercury, were the feet of association calculated by correlation from internal to external influences.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.53-63
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to analyze the background and characteristics of fashion in wanna-be phenomenon. The primary source of data has been a collection of recent books, news repots, many articles from various kinds of mass media and fashion internet cite. The results of this study can be summarized as follow. First, The wanna-be phenomenon can be divided the background into three parts : change to entertainment society, increase of mass consumption, increase mutual communication with star and fan. Second, the function of fashion in wanna-be phenomenon can be divided with the following: the function of self-expression, guide book of trendy lifestyle, and play for pleasure. Third, fashion style in wanna-be phenomenon can be divided with the following : chic & gorgeous style, sexy casual & chav style, bohemian mix & match style.