• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.53-59
• /
• 2002

This study were performed to investigate the effect of magnetic field exposure on semen characteristic and the weights of body, reproductive organs and liver, kidney and spleen in mice. In magnetic field exposure for 15 days, sperm concentrations and viability were significantly lower in magnetic field(15.7$\times$10$^{6}$ $m\ell$, 29.3%) than that in control group(25.1$\times$10$^{6}$ $m\ell$, 34.4%)(P＜0.05). The proportion of sperm abnormality were significantly increased in magnetic field exposure groups for 15 days than that in control group(P＜0.05). The exposure of magnetic field in mice didn't affect the body and reproductive organ weight such as testis, epididymis, vasicular gland and coagulatin gland. The weight in liver and kidney were not affect in magnetic field exposure groups. However, the spleen weight were significantly higher(P＜0.05) in group exposed with than without magnetic field. This studies indicate the short or long term magnetic field exposure in mice were noxious effects on the sperm characteristics and spleen weight, but didn't affect body, reproductive organs, and liver and kidney weight.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• v.34 no.11
• /
• pp.1794-1801
• /
• 2021

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the productive performance, carcass yield, size of digestive organs and nutrient utilization in Mexican Creole chickens, using four diets with different concentrations of metabolizable energy (ME, kcal/kg) and crude protein (CP, %). Methods: Two hundred thirty-six chickens, coming from eight incubation batches, were randomly distributed to four experimental diets with the following ME/CP ratios: 3,000/20, 2,850/19, 2,700/18 and 2,550/17. Each diet was evaluated with 59 birds from hatching to 12 weeks of age. The variables feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion (FC), mortality, carcass yield, size of digestive organs, retention of nutrients, retention efficiency of gross energy (GE) and CP, and excretion of N were recorded. Data were analyzed as a randomized block design with repeated measures using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS, with covariance AR (1) and adjustment of degrees of freedom (Kendward-Roger), the adjusted means were compared with the least significant difference method at a significance level of 5%. Results: The productive performance variables BWG, mortality, carcass yield, fat and GE retention and excretion of N were not different (p>0.05) due to the diet effect. In the 3,000/20 diet, the chickens had lower values of FI, FC, crop weight, gizzard weight, retention, and retention efficiency of CP (p<0.05) than the chickens of the 2,550/17 diet. Conclusion: The Mexican Creole chickens from hatching to 12 weeks of age can be feed with a diet with 2,550 kcal ME and 17% CP, without compromising productive parameters (BWG, mortality, carcass yield) but improving retention and retention efficiency of CP.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.51 no.2
• /
• pp.123-132
• /
• 2024

Copper sulphate (CuSO₄) level was analyzed in this study to determine the effects on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, organ weight, and excreta score in Ross308-broilers. A total of 1,134 mixed sex, 1-d old Ross-308 chicks were randomly allocated to one of three treatment groups with 21 replication and 18 chicks / cage. For a period of 32 days, chicks were fed with the following treatment groups: CON: Basal diet, TRT1: 0.032% CuSO₄, TRT2: 0.047% CuSO₄ (Phase 1), 0.032% CuSO₄ (Phase 2), 0.025% CuSO₄ (Phase 3). The experiment was divided into three phases. Phase 1 (day 1 to 9), phase 2 (day 9 to 21), and phase 3 (day 21 to 32). During days 1 to 9, broilers receiving 0.032% or 0.047% of CuSO₄ in TRT1 and TRT2, respectively, had significantly higher body weight gain (BWG) (p = 0.042) than CON. Likewise, comparing TRT1 and TRT2 to CON during days 10 to 21, 0.032% of CuSO₄ significantly increased BWG (p = 0.013) and feed intake (FI), (p = 0.024) in the broiler. When compared to TRT1, the administration of 0.032% and 0.025% of CuSO₄ during days 22 to 32 reduced BWG and FI in CON and TRT2, respectively among the treatment groups. Throughout the experiment, the feed conversion ratio (FCR) did not change. However, the nutrient digestibility, weight of organs, and the score of excreta remained unchanged. The study found that CuSO₄ administration increased broiler BWG and FI without affecting FCR, nutrients digestibility, weight of organs, and excreta score.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2004

Transplantation would be the only way to cure the end-stage organ failure involving heart, lung, liver, kidney and pancreas. The replacement of the parts of the body damaged to lose its function or lost to trauma must be a dream of human-being. Human history is replete with chimeras, from sphinxes to mermaids, making one wonder if the ancients might actually have dreamed of what now is called 'xenotransplantation'. In the 20th century, the transplantation of organs and tissues to cure disease has become a clinical reality. The development in the fields of surgical techniques, physiology and immunology attributed to the successful transplantation in human. In the center of the successful transplantation lies the progress in understanding the cellular and molecular biology of immune system which led to the development of immunosuppressive drugs and the invention of the concept of immunological tolerance. The mandatory side effects of immunosuppressive drugs including infection and cancer forced us to search alternative approaches along with the development of new immunosuppressive agents. Among the alternative approaches, the induction of a state of immunologic tolerance would be the most promising and the most generic applicability as a future therapy. Recent reports documenting long-term graft survival without immunosuppression suggest that tolerance-based therapies may become a clinical reality. Last year, we saw the epoch making success of overcoming hyperacute rejection in porcine to primate xenotransplantation which will lead porcine to human xenotransplantation to clinical reality. In this review, I dare to summarize the development of transplantation immunology from the perspective of history.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.87-91
• /
• 2000

Neurofibromatosis type I or Von Recklinghausen's disease can occur at any site in the body. It is characterized by multiple $c\'{a}fe\;\'{a}u\;l\'{a}it$ spots on the skin-more than six spots greater than 1.5cm-, neurofibromas of the peripheral and centarl nervous system, and variety of other dysplastic abnormalities of the skin, bones, endocrine organs, nervous systems, and blood vessels. It is an autosomal dominant trait disease with a frequency of 1 of 3000. Neurofibromatosis is known to be complicated by malignancies. Neurofibromatosis is progressive disease and shows a marked variations in expression in affected individuals. In this report we describe a male patient with neurofibromatosis type I developed in the parapharyngeal space. The patient had huge mass at left parapharyngeal space and inguinal area. We successfully treated the patient with surgery without complication.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2007.04c
• /
• pp.159-161
• /
• 2007

$CO_2$ laser sees that is most suitable to get this effect through minimum formation damage and advantage that is root enemy of effect that happen in minimum cellular tissue depth of 0.1mm is stable living body organization or internal organs institution. Formation damage by ten can be related in formation's kind or energy density, length of evaporation time. If shorten evaporation time, surroundings cellular thermal damage 200 - because happen within 400ums laser beam in rain focus sacred ground surroundings cellular tissue without vitiation me by evaporation Poe of very small floor as is clean steam can. Application is possible to vulva cuticle cousins by a paternal aunt quantity, uterine cancer, cuticle tumor by laser system that $CO_2$ laser gets into standard in obstetrics and gynecology application. Because effect that super pulse output is ten enemies of laser if uniformity one pulse durations are short almost is decreased, most of all pulse module special quality of pulse style $CO_2$ laser for obstetrics and gynecology mode stabilization by weight very, in this research to get into short pulse duration and higher frequency density, do switching by high frequency in DC-DC Converter output DC's ripple high frequency to be changed, high frequency done current ripple amount of condenser for output filter greatly reduce can. Ripple of output approximately to Zero realization applying possible inductor realization through a special quality experiment do.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.19-28
• /
• 2017

The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance is growing rapidly. Multiple organs including the liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue control insulin sensitivity coordinately, but the mechanism of skeletal muscle insulin resistance has not yet been fully elucidated. However, there is a growing body of evidence that lipotoxicity induced by mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle is an important mediator of insulin resistance. However, some recent findings suggest that skeletal mitochondrial dysfunction generated by genetic manipulation is not always correlated with insulin resistance in animal models. A high fat diet can provoke insulin resistance despite a coordinate increase in skeletal muscle mitochondria, which implies that mitochondrial dysfunction is not mandatory in insulin resistance. Furthermore, incomplete fatty acid oxidation by excessive nutrition supply compared to mitochondrial demand can induce insulin resistance without preceding impairment of mitochondrial function. Taken together we suggested that skeletal muscle mitochondrial overloading, not mitochondrial dysfunction, plays a pivotal role in insulin resistance.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.35-42
• /
• 2003

Nitric Oxide(NO) is produced in many organs of the body, including the lung and airways, and it is detectable in the exhaled air. The measurement of exhaled NO(eNO) provides a simple non-invasive means for measuring airway inflammation, such as asthma. We measured eNO among adult male workers to examine the distribution of eNO in healthy people and to find factors affecting eNO. We measured eNO in a sample of 921 adult workers who also performed lung function test and skin prick test. Exhaled NO was measured in a sitting posture without using a nose clip and NO free gas. NO was measured at three expiratory rates(l8; 42; 71 $m\ell$/sec) and the flow rate of 71 $m\ell$/sec was used in analysis. The average eNO concentration was 5.29 $\pm$ 2.98 ppb. The level increased with age but not significantly(P=0.0529). Exhaled NO showed positive relations to the height(P=0.0001), pollen 1 (P=0.0124), asthma history(P=0.0212), allergic rhinitis symptom(P=0.0302). Exhaled NO Concentration of smokers( 4.62 ppb) was significantly lower than that of nonsmokers(5.99 ppb; P<0.0001).

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• v.20 no.7
• /
• pp.1012-1018
• /
• 2006

Diagnosis and treatment using the conventional flexible endoscope in gastro-intestinal tract are very common since advanced and instrumented endoscopes allow diagnosis and treatment by introducing the human body through natural orifices. However, the operation of endoscope is very labor intensive work and gives patients some pains. As an alternative, therefore, the capsule endoscope is developed for the diagnosis of digestive organs. Although the capsule endoscope has conveniences for diagnosis, it is passively moved by the peristaltic waves of gastro-intestinal tract and thus has some limitations for doctor to get the image of the organ and to diagnose more thoroughly. As a solution of these problems, various locomotive mechanisms for capsule endoscopes are introduced. In our proposed mechanism, the capsule-type microrobot has synchronized multiple legs that are actuated by a linear actuator and two mobile cylinders inside of the capsule. For the feasibility test of the proposed microrobot, a series of in-vitro experiments using small intestine without incision were carried out. From the experimental results, our proposed microrobot can advance along the 3D curved and sloped path with the velocity of about $3.29\sim6.26mm/sec$ and $35.1\sim66.7%$ of theoretical velocity. Finally, the proposed locomotive mechanism can be not only applicable to micro capsule endoscopes but also effective to advance inside of gastro-intestinal tract.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2007.04a
• /
• pp.55-57
• /
• 2007

$CO_2$ laser sees that is most suitable to get this effect through minimum formation damage and advantage that is root enemy of effect that happen in minimum cellular tissue depth of 0.1mm is stable living body organization or internal organs institution. Formation damage by ten can be related in formation's kind or energy density, length of evaporation time. If shorten evaporation time, surroundings cellular thermal damage 200 - because happen within 400ums laser beam in rain focus sacred ground surroundings cellular, tissue without vitiation me by evaporation Poe of very small floor as is clean steam can. Application is possible to vulva cuticle cousins by a paternal aunt quantity, uterine cancer, cuticle tumor by laser system that $CO_2$ laser gets into standard in obstetrics and gynecology application. Because effect that super pulse output is ten enemies of laser if uniformity one pulse durations are short almost is decreased, most of all pulse module special quality of pulse style $CO_2$ laser for obstetrics and gynecology mode stabilization by weight very, in this research to get into short pulse duration and higher frequency density, do switching by high frequency in DC-DC Converter output DC's ripple high frequency to be changed, high frequency done current ripple amount of condenser for output filter greatly reduce can. Ripple of output approximately to Zero realization applying possible inductor realization through a special quality experiment do.