• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.20 no.1 s.21
• /
• pp.97-113
• /
• 1987

This study was carried out to know physical growth and development, physical and nutritional indices and body fat weight and so forth by semi-longitudinal research method to measure body height, body weight, chest girth and sitting height of 260 of general high school and 306 of vocational high school 3rd grade students who are living in Seoul and born from 1966 March 1st to 1967 Feb.28th. The results are as follows: 1) Physical growth and development Growth in terms of body height showed one step straight linear development, andthat of body weight showed two step straight linear development in each section in high school. The age of cross over between two sexes of general high school students was between 10.6 to 12. 3 years in body height, between 10.8 to 13 years in body weight, between 11.2 to 14.6 years in chest girth and between 10 to 13 years in sitting height. The age of cross over between two sexes of vocational high school students was between 10.5 to 12.5 years in body height, between 10.5 to 12.5 years in body weight, between 10.5 to 12.5 years in chest girth and between 10.5 to 12.5 years in sitting height. In this periods, female group was superior to male group and after that male group was superior to female group again. The growth of vocational school students was superior to that of general school students in both sexes in terms of body height and body weight significantly. 2) Physical growth and nutritional indices In all cases of relative body weight, relative chest girth and relative sitting height, it was found to be increasing thereafter with advancing ages. In cases of $R{\"{o}}hrer$ index and Kaup index, it was found to be reaching to normal state thereafter with advancing ages. In each case of Vervaeck and Pelidisi index, it was found to be increasing and reaching to normal state thereafter with advancing ages. 3) Total body fat by vital measuring method Average values of body surface area, body volume and body density are measured indirectly by using the body height and body weight as Table 12, 13 and 14. The rate of body fat weight of general high school students was from minimum $11.96{\pm}3.53%(3.33{\pm}1.10kg$) to maximum $18.25{\pm}6.46%(9.08{\pm}2.01kg$) in male and from $25.88{\pm}3.62%(7.96{\pm}0.78kg$) to $43.00{\pm}7.22%(12.91{\pm}1.21kg$) in female. The rate of body fat weight of vocational high school students was from minimum $11.20{\pm}2.88%(3.32{\pm}1.13kg$) to maximum $17.16{\pm}5.88(10.83{\pm}3.16kg$) in male and from minimum $25.11{\pm}2.26%(7.91{\pm}0.89kg$) to maximum $42.16{\pm}7.96%(13.22{\pm}1.75kg$) in female.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.40 no.2
• /
• pp.157-162
• /
• 2013

Both ODC and PRDM16 genes were known to be associated with body weight traits in chicken. These two genes were located on GGA3 and GGA21, respectively, where the QTLs of body weights are located. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to identify the SNPs in these two genes and their associations with body weight traits in Korean native chicken. Fluidigm Dynamic Array integrated fluidic circuits (IFCs) assay was used to genotype 7 SNPs consisting g.-353C>T, g.2136A>G, g.2524T>C, g.3607C>T SNPs of the ODC gene, and g.182216C>T, g.182290A>T, g.182491A>T SNPs of the PRDM16 gene. Statistical analysis showed that g.2136A>G SNP of the ODC was associated with body weight at 20 weeks of age and slaughter weight, and g.3607C>T SNP of the ODC was associated with body weight at 2 weeks of age. Association between g.182216C>T SNP of the PRDM16 and body weight at 12 weeks of age has also been revealed. In addition, g.182491A>T SNP of PRDM16 has significant correlation with body weight (BW) at 8 weeks, BW at 10 weeks and BW at 14 weeks of age. These results suggested that both ODC and PRDM16 could be strong candidate genes for body weight traits in Korean native chicken.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2018

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to analyze the effects of carrying weight on the gait of elderly women using a walking-assistant vehicle (WAV) as the weight increased. METHODS: A total of 30 elderly women living in the local community were included as subjects and instructed to walk 50 m using a WAV loaded with sandbags corresponding to 0%, 5%, 10%, or 15% of their mean weight. The subjects' gait was analyzed using a gait analyzer to measure stride length, step length, step width, and gait time. RESULTS: Stride and step lengths were longest when carrying 5% of their weight and shortest when carrying 15% of their mean body weight. Step width and gait time were lowest when carrying weights corresponding to 5% and highest for 15% of their mean body weight. When observing gait with a WAV, the gait time was greatly affected by weights, with carrying weight equivalent to 5% of the body weight positively affected the gait with a WAV, whereas carrying weights of >15% resulted in slower gait speed. CONCLUSION: When walking with a WAV, an appropriate carrying weight of approximately 5% of the body weight stabilizes gait, while a weight of 15% leads decreased gait efficiency. Therefore, when using a WAV during outdoor activities, elderly women should add some weight to the WAV; however, the carrying weight should be <15% of the body weight.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.37 no.5
• /
• pp.571-577
• /
• 2008

Among current health-related problems, the issue of over-weight is considered one of the most important, fostering a national interest in body weight loss. In this study, an awareness of one's current body weight and previous experiences of body weight loss were analyzed according to age and gender. The subjects of the study were 720 people (male: 360 and female: 360) aged $10{\sim}60$ years with previous experiences of attempting to lose weight 1 year prior to this study. Anthropometrics, general characteristics, awareness of one’s current body weight, and the body weight loss practice were analyzed through a questionnaire. Approximately 73.2% of the subjects recognized themselves as obese, and 83.5% wished to lose weight. The older the subjects were, the frequency of attempting to lose weight was lower, and those who succeeded in losing weight maintained their reduced body weight for a longer period. Compared to male subjects, more female reported attempts of losing weight, but the period of maintaining their reduced weight was shorter. The older subjects reported a higher satisfaction rate of the weight loss methods they used, and few of them gained back the weight they lost. This phenomenon was especially more stronger among male than female subjects. From our studies, it may be concluded that attitudes concerning a person’s current body weight and body weight loss practice vary according to age and gender.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.160-166
• /
• 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The obese population is rapidly increasing because of reduced physical activity and a Westernized diet; consequently, various chronic diseases are more prevalent. With the increasing interest in body shape and appearance, research on body shape perceptions and accompanying weight control behaviors are needed for healthy weight management. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on randomly selected 536 (209 men and 327 women) aged 20 to 65 years. Body mass index (BMI), body-shape perception, weight control behavior, quality of sleep, and place of residence were collected using self-reported questionnaires. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted using complex design in each groups. Collected data were analyzed using the SAS 9.4 statistical package, and the significance level was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: When these two variables were divided into four groups, they were found to influence dieting attempts. People with abnormal weights who were dissatisfied with their body shapes attempted dieting 5.23 times more than those with healthy weights and satisfaction with their body shapes. Further, those with normal weights but dissatisfaction with their bodies attempted dieting 4.45 times more than those who were satisfied with their shapes. Subjects in their 20s attempted dieting 2.53 times more than those in their 30s and 40s, and female subjects attempted dieting 2.24 times more than male subjects. CONCLUSIONS: A correct perception of one's shape can be an important factor for dietary behavior, as body shape perceptions and dieting attempts are strongly related. Additionally, healthy weight management and nutrition education are important elements to incorporate into a weight control program aimed at preventing excessive weight control behaviors and promoting correct perceptions of body shape.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.23-31
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate weight control attempts and related factors among 209 middle school female students in Daejeon. Variables examined were body satisfaction, beliefs regarding weight control, body image, nutrition knowledge, nutritional attitudes, dietary behavior and dietary intake. A cross-sectional survey was employed, and data was analyzed using t-test and chi-square teat (at $\alpha$=0.05). The average height, weight, and body fat (%) of subjects were 160.2cm, 52.4kg, and 25.9%, respectively. Those who attempted weight control were 61.7% of the samples, suggesting that weight control was quite popular among adolescents. Students in the weight control attempt group were more satisfied with their body size (p<0.001), and showed more distorted body image than those in the no weight control attempt group (p<0.001). Most of beliefs regarding weight control were also different in the two groups. The attempt group believed more strongly in the advantages of weight control, and believed less strongly in the harmful effects or difficulties associated with weight control. Although there were no differences in nutrition knowledge in the two groups, nutritional attitudes were slightly more favorable in the attempt group (p<0.01). In contrast, eating behaviors, such as those related to caloric intake (p<0.001), body image (p<0.001), and specific situations (p<0.01) were more desirable in the no-attempt group than in the attempt group. In addition, dietary intake of the attempt group was less adequate than that of the no-attempt group for nutrients such as iron (p<0.01), vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, and vitamin C(p<0.05). This study suggests that adolescents who attempt control weight have a more distorted body image and inadequate diet and showed more undesirable eating behaviors. Students should be taught and practice desirable methods of weight control. Educational programs should also include strategies for changing beliefs regarding weight control, as well as modifying diets and eating behaviors.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.211-218
• /
• 2012

Objectives Body image distortion is found in eating disorder and obesity and there are some evidence that schizophrenia is associated with body image distortion. This study sought to find whether schizophrenic patients report more body image distortion than healthy individuals and whether it is related with symptomatology. Methods A total of 88 inpatients with schizophrenia and 88 healthy controls were recruited. Weight, height, and body image accuracy were assessed in all participants, and assessment of mood, psychotic symptom severity and self-esteem, and personal and social performance scale were conducted. Results The patients with schizophrenia had higher Body Mass Index (p < 0. 001) and underestimated their body size more than controls (26.14% vs. 5.13%, p < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis showed that lower depressive symptoms and higher scores of general psychopathology predicted underestimation of body size. Conclusion Weight gain and metabolic syndrome are common adverse events of pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia. Thus, underestimation of body size among patients with schizophrenia may interfere with effort to lose weight or seek weight reduction programs. Clinicians need to consider possible unterestimation of underestimation of body size in patients whose general symptomatology is severe.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 1995

A total of 514 birds were used to investigate the influence of body weight and shank length at hatch on the body weights at various ages in growing pheasant. Statistical model included the terms of hatch and sex as fixed effects and the two covariates of body weight and shank length at hatch. In this model, the effects of hatch and sex on the body weights at the age of 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 wk, and the average daily gains from hatch to 8 wk and from 8 to 16 wk of age were highly significant(P<0.01). All the regression coefficients of body weights and average daily gains on the body weight at hatch were also significant(P<0.01). Their estimates were 3.05.7.21. 13.89, 15.18 and 15.33 for the body weights at 4. 8, 12, 16 and 20 wk of age ; 0.111 and 0.142 for the average daily gains from hatch to 8 wk, and from 8 to 16 wk of age, respectively. On the shank length, only the regression coefficients of the body weights at 4 and 8 wk of age and the average daily gains from hatch to 8 wk of age were significant(P<0.01). Results of this study suggest that body weight at hatch do significantly affect the body weights in the growing periods up to' the 20 wk of age, but the shank length at hatch influences the body weights only at early age.1)

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.62-69
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of an integrative weight control program including East Asian traditional medicine on the degree of obesity and body compositions. Method: Using one group pre-post test design, 63 subjects aged 19 years or older were conveniently recruited from D University hospital. The weight control program consisted of acupuncture, aerobic exercise, moderate caloric restriction, and behavioral modification for weight loss. Paired t-tests were conducted using the SPSS V18.0. Results: Body weight (t=10.44, p<.001), body fat mass (t=11.47, p<.001), percentage of body fat (t=11.49, p<.001), the degree of obesity (t=10.48, p<.001), body mass index (t=10.66, p<.001), waist circumference (t=10.25, p<.001), hip circumference (t=6.10, p<.001), and WHR (t=2.21, p=.040) decreased after administering the integrative weight control program. Conclusion: This integrative weight control program effectively reduced the obesity degree and percentage of body fat. Further study is needed to replicate our program in a larger sample with control group to validate the findings.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.129-136
• /
• 2021

This study identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that affect the body weight of chickens. Analysis of body weight showed that the Cornish breed had the highest body weight, and the Korean native chicken (Gray Brown) had the lowest body weight. TSH is composed of an α-subunit and a β-subunit, and the TSH-β gene encoding the β-subunit has been reported to be associated with obesity. In chickens, it is located on chromosome 26 and is reported to be associated with growth. The calcium-sensing receptor gene (CaSR) plays a role in the regulation of extracellular calcium homeostasis and is responsible for calcium absorption in the urinary tract, which affects the eggshell quality in poultry. It was shown that TSH-β was strongly correlated with weight in Cornish and Korean native (Gray Brown) chickens, particularly in those with the CC trait. However, CaSR showed no association with body weight in poultry; it was associated with calcium and the eggshell. Thus, selection for TSH-β can be used to produce individuals with more favorable traits in terms of body weight.