• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.685-692
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• 2002

This study was carried out to estimate the genetic correlations for the carcass and growth traits of Hanwoo bulls measured at 12 and 18 months of age on the basis of the data form 1,823 heads of Hanwoo bulls raised at the Livestock Improvement Main Center from 1991 to 1998. Genetic correlations were estimated with multiple trait animal model using MTDFREML. The genetic correlations of the body weight at 12 months with average daily gain during 6${\sim}$12 months and with the body length were 0.76 and 0.79, respectively. The genetic correlations of the body weight at 18 months with average daily gain during 6${\sim}$18 months and with the body length were 0.86 and 0.82, respectively. The genetic correlations of the carcass weight with dressing percent, eye muscle area, backfat thickness and carcass length were 0.39, 0.37, 0.44 and 0.63, respectively. And estimate of 0.36 was obtained for the genetic correlation between backfat thickness and marbling score. The high and positive genetic correlations of 0.71 and 0.96 were estimated for the carcass weight with the body weights at 12 and 18 months. The genetic correlations of the carcass weight with body lengths at 12 and 18 months were 0.63 and 0.75, respectively. Positive genetic correlations were estimated for the dressing percentage with the body weight, average daily gain, body length, thurls width and chest girth. Low genetic correlations were estimated between eye muscle area and the growth traits ranging from -0.07 to 0.32. Dressing percentage was low correlated genetically with the growth traits except for the chest girth at 18 months. The genetic correlation between marbling score and chest girth at 18 months estimated was 0.25.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.63-70
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• 2010

Two feeding experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of dietary genetically modified (GM) soya and com on growth performance, feed utilization and body composition of juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus and rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii. For each fish species, four isonitrogenous (50% crude protein) and isocaloric (4.1 kcal/g) diets (designated as nGM soya, GM soya, nGM com and GM com) were formulated to contain 20% non-GM (nGM) and GM soya and com. Thirty olive flounder (initial body weight, 15.4${\pm}$0.4 g) and fifty rockfish (initial body weight, 3.1${\pm}$0.02 g) were distributed in each 400 L tank (200 L water) in a flow through system. Each experimental diet was fed to triplicate groups of fish to visual satiation, twice a day (9:00 hand 17:00 h) for 6 weeks. Growth performance was measured every three weeks. No effects of GM feedstuffs on survival were observed. Dietary inclusion of GM feedstuffs did not affect growth performance and feed utilization of fishes, except for rockfish fed GM com. Rockfish fed the GM com diet showed higher weight gain, daily feed intake and daily protein intake than did fish fed the nGM com diet, but no significant differences were observed in final body weight between the dietary treatments. Condition factor, hepatosomatic index, visceral somatic index and body composition were not altered by the inclusion of GM feedstuffs. These results indicate that dietary inclusion of GM soya and com could have no effects on growth performance and feed utilization of juvenile flounder and rockfish. Lower weight gain and feed intake in flounder and rockfish fed the diets containing 20% soya were likely due to anti-nutritional factors, rather than transgenic factors in the feedstuffs. Dietary inclusion of GM soya and com at the level tested did not alter the body composition of fishes. Further studies to investigate the effects of GM feedstuffs on health conditions and the development of fishes, as well as those of residue of transgenic fragments in ambient environments and in animals are necessary for safe use of the ingredients in aquaculture.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.81-88
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• 2018

The present study investigated effect of supplementation of agricultural byproduct on growth performance and blood parameters of broiler chicken using meta-analysis. Total 11 studies (32 experiments) where broiler feeding trials with agricultural byproducts were included were employed in analysis. All studies were conducted at commercial farm placed in South Korea and under commercial feeding programs. Growth phases were divided into two groups based on slaughter day. For growth performance, body weight, body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion rate (feed/gain) were investigated. Carcass weight, dressing percentage, liver and spleen weight, blood glucose, total cholesterol and triglyceride, HDL (High density lipoprotein) and LDL (Low density lipoprotein) cholesterol contents in blood were investigated. Body weight of broiler of treatment was significantly increased than the control (P<0.05), regardless of growth phase. However, body weight gain during late growth phase did not show significant difference between control and treatment. Effect evaluated by random effect model on feed intake was not significant. Effect on feed conversion rate during early growth phase was significantly negative (P<0.05). Effects on carcass weight, dressing percentage, liver and spleen weight were not significant in random effect model. Effect on abdominal fat was significantly negative (P<0.05). In blood parameters, significant effects were found at total cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL cholesterol (P<0.05). Effect on HDL cholesterol only was positive effect, and others were negative.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.57-64
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• 1982

This study was designed to observe the effect of two levels of dietary protein intake on the development and growth of rats from fetus to adult. The pregnant rats were fed either 20% casein diet or 7% casein diet. After weaning or two weeks postweaning, some of the pups from malnourished mothers were rehabilitated by feeding 20% casein diet. The results were. 1. On the 14th day of gestation, no differences were found in weight and total body fat or protein between fetuses from dams fed 7% casein diet and those from those from 20% casein diet. 2. The birth weight of the pups from 7% casein diet group were significantly lower than those from 20% casein diet group. 3. After rehabilitation, the total body fat and protein of low protein group were not different from those of control group when they were compared at the same body weights regardless the age of rats or the duration on the low protein diet. 4. The nitrogen retention of low protein group, after rehabilitation, was higher than that of control group when they were compared at the same body weight.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.61-65
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• 2009

AIMS: Korean National Growth Chart was newly developed at 2007. Prevalence of obesity is expected to be changed according to reference data. This study was performed to compare the prevalence of obesity based on the newly developed growth curve with that of previous data. We also investigate the incidence of obesity, overweight, and normal criteria by two kinds of growth curves. Method: We obtained weight, height from 438 middle school students and 1786 high school students. We divided enrolled students into four groups (middle school boys, middle school girls, high school boys, high school girls). The obese, over weight group was defined as BMI(body mass index) more than 95th, 85th${\sim}$94th percentile respectively for age and sex. Obesity by relative weight was defined more than 20% of ideal body weight. We compare the prevalence of obesity in each group by the newly developed Korean National Growth Chart in 2007 and that in 1998. Result: Prevalence of obesity by BMI based on 2007 Korean National Growth Chart and that in 1998 were 8.2-12.9% and 9.0-20.4% respectively. The concordance rate were 99.0%-100% in obese group and 45.0%-91.9% in overweight group according to two kinds of reference data. Prevalence of obesity by relative weight was 11.7-23.0% that was same between 2007 Korean National Growth Chart and that in 1998 except middle school boys group. Conclusion: We found that there is a decrease in prevalence of Obesity by BMI based on 2007 Korean National Growth Chart. It is necessary to evaluate correlation between criteria for obesity and obesity related comorbid conditions for finding proper BMI or relative weight cut off value to prevent obesity and obesity related complications effectively.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.341-347
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• 2013

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of early diet dilution with 40% rice hull on growth performance, carcass characteristic and composition of meat-type ducks, and to reveal the possible mechanism for decreased body fat deposition. 160 1-day-old White Peking ducks with initial body weight of $44.5{\pm}1.0$ g were allotted to two treatments with 8 replicate pens per treatment and 10 ducks per pen (5 male and 5 female). Ducks were fed with the experimental starter diets diluted with 0% (control, RH0), 40% rice hull (RH40) during 8 to 14 d of age, respectively. Thereafter, all ducks were fed with grower diet. Ducks fed with RH40 diet from 8 to 14 d of age increased (p<0.05) feed intake, decreased (p<0.05) body weight, body weight gain and adjusted feed intake (excluded rice hull), abdominal fat, skin with fat, and fat content in carcass, and reduced (p<0.05) activities of hepatic malic dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and fatty acid synthetase. When diet dilution was withdrawn in the re-fed period from 15 to 42 d of age, full compensatory growth of body weight, breast meat and leg meat weight were attained. However, ducks were still less (p<0.05) carcass fat content and showed continually lower (p<0.05) hepatic lipogenic enzyme activities at the market age in RH40 ducks than the control. These results indicated that diluting diet with 40% rice hull during 8 to 14 d of age might be a suitable method to improve feed efficiency, and to reduce carcass fat deposition in the production of meat-type ducks.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.573-579
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• 1998

The effects of supplementation with mixed fodder or concentrate were investigated on the performance of a) growth of male lambs and kids grazing extensively under oil palm trees and b) reproduction of ewes and goats stall-fed with native herbage. Supplemented kids and lambs had higher average daily weight gain than controls but the effect was only significant for those which received concentrate (p < 0.05). Final body weight was only significantly different from controls for lambs supplemented with concentrate (p < 0.05). The ages at puberty, first mating, first conception and first kidding of supplemented goats were about 110 days earlier than those for controls (p < 0.05 or better). Supplemented goats had first mating and conceived at lower body weights (p < 0.01) than those in control groups. Different feeding regimes had no effects (p > 0.05) on the reproductive performance of ewes apart from highest body weight of first lambing in animals supplemented with concentrate (p < 0.05). Native herbage available under oil palm trees of 5 years old was sufficient for growth and reproduction of sheep and goats. Concentrate was better than mixed fodder as supplement for enhancing the reproductive performance of goats but both appeared to have limited effects on the performance of reproduction in ewes and growth in male kids.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.104-111
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• 2002

In order to study effects of ${\ulcorner}Palmi-Whan{\lrcorner}$ on the growth of rats, we divided the experimental rats into two groups(control&sample groups) and peformed the experimental study, Sample group was administered the extract of ${\ulcorner}Palmi-Whan{\lrcorner}$ 1.6ml／100g for 4 weeks, and control group was administered equal dose of normal saline. We measured the body weight, the length of femur and tibia, the level of serum growth hormone. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The body weight was significantly changed compared with control group(p<0.05). 2. The lengths of femur and tibia in the sample group was longer than that of control group, but it was not statistically significant. 3. The level of serum growth hormone in the sample group increased compared with control group, but it was not statistically significant.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.1671-1677
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• 2006

A total of two hundred twenty eight half-sib chickens were scored for allele size at 20 microsatellite loci to estimate individual heterozygosity and mean $d^2$. The averages of microsatellite heterozygosity, allele per locus and mean $d^2$ were 0.39, 3.6 and 49, respectively. The body weight was measured biweekly from birth to twelve weeks of age. Gompertz function was assumed to simulate body weight and to estimate the growth model parameters. Due to sex effect on body weight, the regression of body weight on heterozygosity as well as on mean $d^2$ in males and females was analyzed separately in the present study. Positive correlations were found between microsatellite heterozygosity and body weight in males and females (p<0.05). Positive correlation also observed between individual heterozygosity and simulated maximum daily gain estimated from Gompertz function in female chickens (p<0.05). There were no significant correlations between mean $d^2$ and body weight. The results suggest that local effect hypothesis could explain the correlations between heterozygosity and fitness-related traits in the domesticated chicken population, rather than the general effect hypothesis does.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.133-140
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• 1991

This study was designed to investigate age-related changes in body composition and cell mediated immunity. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed stock diet ad libitum and 12 rats were sacrified at 1, 4, 6, 12 months of age. Body weight Increased sharply from 1 to 4 months. and Increased steadily thereafter. The weights of liver, epididymal fat pads, and kidney increased in similar pattern as body weight, but their relative ratio to body weight decreased with age. The ratio of epididymal fat pads to body weight increased with age. The weight of extensor digitorium longus, coleus and plantaris increased from 1 to 4 months, but it decreased at 6, 12 months. The protein content of muscles decreased or increased through- out 12 months. The T cell proliferation response to Con A stimulation was significantly lower at 6 months than 1 month and lower at 12 months than 6 months.