• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.122-133
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• 1997

Purified diets containing 5 graded levels of threonine were fed to young, growing and finishing pigs to determine the threonine requirement for growth and maintenance. A model was developed to subdivide the threonine requirement for the maintenance from the requirement for growth. From this model, the threonine requirement for growth was 7.733, 10.968 and 11.235 g/kg live weight gain and the maintenance requirement was 0.118, 0.048 and 0.024 g per unit of metabolic body size at each stage of growth, respectively. In the young pigs, the threonine requirement for growth was 0.388 g/g N gain and the maintenance requirement was 0.122 g per unit of metabolic body size. The breakpoint of plasma threonine concentrations was 3.995, 7.933 and 7.738 g/d, respectively. Expected requirements obtained from these formulae were in general agreement with previous estimates. Based on the weight gain vs N gain equation, about 4.24% of the retained protein was comprised of threonine and compared to 3.81%, the mean threonine content of pig muscle CP.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.86-97
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• 1997

Purified diets containing 5 graded levels of methionine + cystine were fed to young, growing and finishing pigs to determine the methionine + cystine requirement for growth and maintenance. A model was developed to subdivide the methionine + cystine requirement for maintenance from requirement for growth. From this model, the methionine + cystine requirement for growth was 8.633, 10.260 and 9.293 g/kg live weight gain and the maintenance requirement was 0.049, 0.016 and 0.019 g per unit of metabolic body size at each stage of growth, respectively. In the young pigs, the methionine + cystine requirement for growth was 0.491 g/g N gain and the maintenance requirement was 0.059 g per unit of metabolic body size. The breakpoint of plasma methionine + cystine concentrations was 3.888, 6.935 and 8.116 g/d, respectively. Expected requirements obtained from these formulae were in general agreement with previous estimates. Based on the weight gain vs N gain equation, about 4.44% of the retained protein was comprised of methionine + cystine and compared to 3.31%, the mean methionine + cystine content of pig muscle CP.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.54-63
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• 1997

Purified diets containing 5 graded levels of lysine were fed to young and growing pigs to determine the lysine requirement for growth and maintenance. A model was developed to subdivide the lysine requirement for the maintenance from requirement for growth. From this model, the lysine requirement for growth was 18.018 and 19.431 g/kg live weight gain and the maintenance requirement was 0.115 and 0.033 g per unit of metabolic body size at each stage of growth, respectively. In the young pigs, the lysine requirement for growth was 0.950 g/g N gain and the maintenance requirement was 0.114 g per unit of metabolic body size. The breakpoint of plasma lysine concentrations was 8.695 and 13.464 g/d, respectively. Expected requirements obtained from these formulae were in general agreement with previous estimates. Based on weight gain vs N gain equation, about 7.92% of the retained protein was comprised of lysine as compared to 7.11%, the mean lysine content of pig muscle CP.

• 환경생물
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.328-336
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• 2003

Biological and ecological characteristics of Diporeia spp. are described including size, growth, life cycle, energy storage, temperature effect, bioturbation, feeding depth and sediment ingestion of Diporeia. Bioaccumulation and toxicity of organic contaminants and trace metals were reviewed in addition to an examination of the relationships among various condition indexes (i.e. wet weight, dry weight and body length) of Diporeia.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.118-127
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• 2014

This study proposed a revision of standard sizing system for infant clothing to provide exact information for consumers and manufacturers. The size designation was set up by compensating the defect of existing system. Basic body measurement and reference body measurement were analysed according to size designation. The ages of the infants ranged from 0 to 36 month in accordance with safety standard of KC Self-Regularity Safety Confirmation. The results are as follows: Size designation for infant clothing was based on height that was basic body measurement. Chest girth, waist girth, head girth, arm length, foot length and weight were also analysed according to age of the month. It was proposed that height could be written alone and height with age of month did together for size designation. Size intervals of basic and reference body measurements were fixed as follows: size intervals are 5 cm in height, 2 cm in chest girth, 2 cm in waist girth, 1 cm in head girth, 2 cm in arm length, 0.5 cm in foot length and 2 kg in weight. The distributions of height and chest girth showed normal distributions. As height was taller, chest girth was also bigger. But the distribution of waist girth didn't show remarkable change with age of month. The distributions of arm length and weight showed remarkable difference with growth in 0~9 months, but the amount of growth variation got less in 12~18 months.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.259-266
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• 2005

Steers (n=335) of known genetic backgrounds from four fundamentally different growth types were subjected to two production systems to study differences in carcass traits. Growth types were animals with genetic potential for large mature weight-late maturing, intermediate mature weight-late maturing, intermediate mature weight-early maturing and small mature weight-early maturing. Each year, in a nine-year study, calves of each growth type were weaned and five steers of each growth type were developed on pasture or feedlot and slaughtered at approximately 20 and 14 months of age, respectively. Data collected were pre-slaughter shrunk body weight (SBW); hot carcass weight (HCW); dressing percentage (DRESS); fat thickness at the $12^{th}$ and $13^{th}$ rib interface (FAT); percentage kidney, pelvic, and heart fat (KPH); longissimus muscle area (LMA); marbling score (MARB); quality grade (QG); and yield grade (YG). Year and growth type were significant for all carcass traits. The growth type${\times}$production system interaction was an important source of variation in SBW, HCW; FAT, YG and MARB. The same interaction was non-significant for DRESS, KPH, LMA and QG. Carcass differences in measures of fatness were greater in the feedlot system than in the pasture system. These data could aid producers in matching beef growth type to the production system most suitable for efficient use of resources.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.488-495
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• 1997

넙치, Paralichthys olivaceus의 자어의 생존과 성장에 미치는 암모니아의 급성 및 만성독성 영향을 단기 독성시험법에 준하여 생물검정시험을 실시하고 자어의 성장단계별 암모니아 내성 및 성장에 미치는 영향농도를 산출하였다. $96hr-LC_{50}$ 부화후 7일이 경과한 자어가 $0.300mg\;NH_3/\ell$, 21일된 것은 $0.572mg\;NH_3/\ell$로 증가하다가 부화후 23일째에는 $1023mg\;NH_3/\ell로 증가하여 넘치 자어는 성장단계의 초기에 암모니아의 독성에 민감하고 성장하면서 강한 내성을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 부화후 경과일수와 비이온성 암모니아의 농도(X)에 대한 $96hr-LC_{50}(Y)$과의 관계식은 $Y=0.0516+0.034{\cdot}X(r=0.854)$였다. 부화 후 1, 3, 5일째의 자어에서 $24hr-LC_{50}$은 부화후 경과일수가 길어질수록 높았으나, 노출시간이 지속되이도 $LC_{50}$은 매우 완만하게 감소하여 threshold $LC_{50}$ 각각 $0.293mg\;NH_3/\ell,\;0.248mg\;NH_3/\ell$ 이었다. 부화 후 16일째의 자어를 암모니아 농도별로 7일간 노출시킨 후의 생존율은 대조구의 경우 $96.7\%,\;0.341mg\;NH_3/\ell$에서는 $83.3\%$였으며, 자어의 체장과 체중은 암모니아 농도가 높을수록 유의하게 감소하였다. 체장에 대한 NOEC와 LOEC는 각각 0.102 및 0.151mg $NH_3/\ell$, 체중에 있어서는 각각 0.151 및 $0.198mg\;NH_3/\ell$으로 체장성장에 미치는 영향이 큰 것으로 추정되었다. 자어의 체장측정치에 대한 변동계수 (CV, coefficient of variation)는 암모니아 농도가 증가할수록 높아져서 고농도일수록 체장성장은 느리고 개체간 체장변이가 많았다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.190-201
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• 1998

This study was carried out with 505(243 boys and 262 girls in the Sungnam area) high school students to investigate the effects of eating behavior and anthropometric variables of weight and height on excercise performance. General characteristics about subjects and eating behavior were surveyed by questionnaire, anthropometric data were collected using two methods. The weight and height of subjects in 1996 were measured, but the same data in 1995 were collected from health records of each student. Body fat content of subjects was measured by BIA(Body Impedance Analysis). The grades of exercise performance, which were evaluated by physical education teachers were collected from records of a physical strength test score of each subject. From these, the following result were found. Groups with different eating behaviors such as skipping meals, overeating, food preference for a specific food(milk, carbonated drink etc.) were significantly different in their weight and height and body fat contents. The growth rate of height in first and second grade boys was significantly higher than that for grade boys. The amount of weight gain from second grade to third grade was significantly more than that of other grades both for boys and girls. The mean of BMI was $21.66\pm{2.95}$ in boy, $21.50\pm{2.62}$ in girls. The percentage of body fat was $24.91\pm{6.55%}$ in boy $34.73\pm{4.88%}$ in girls. Amounts of body fat were significantly increased in third grade. The group with higher fat content and the higher BMI group had lower values of physical strength. And the ability to exercises perform decreased significantly by promotion of grade. The other variables such as degree of concern about weight control and preference of exercise, and frequencies of exercise per week were significant factors in body fat content and physical strength. As a countermeasure for these problems, nutrition and health education must be developed for adolescents and a practical, proper physical activity guidance campaign for them is necessary.

• 한국가금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가금학회 2003년도 제20차 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.101-102
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• 2003

산란계의 성장과정 중의 체 조성과 기관의 발달이 어떻게 이루어지고 성장제한에 따라 차이가 어떻게 나타나는가를 구명하기 위하여 갈색 산란계 1,080수를 공시하여 70주령시까지 체 조성 및 기관의 발육특성을 조사하였다 산란 개시지점까지의 체 조성은 동일 체중에서 상이하였는데, 특히 지방함량이 제한급이구가 유의적으로 낮았다. 산란개시 이후 체 조성을 처리별 차이가 없이 비슷하게 나타났다. 번식기관은 1,000 g 이후 서서히 발달하여 산란개시 시기인 1,400 g 근처에서 급격히 증가하였는데 발육은 대조구, T2, T1의 순으로 나타났으며 산란개시 시점과 일치하였다. 소화기관 및 간장의 비율은 제한급이구가 1,000g 시까지지 높았으며 이후 전 기간 일정하게 유지되었다. 이상의 결과에서 제한급이는 육성기체 조성에 영향을 미치고 이러한 영향은 산란개시 시기와 관계가 있었다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.516-524
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to analyze the variation of body shape and to. divide growth period into some age groups based on body type. Duncan Test, Heath-Carter's somatotyping method and allottery equation (y=baa) were applied to semiautomatic data concerning obesity/leakiness. The materials were 309 females aged from 12 to 17 years old. The following results were obtained: 1. In the Developmental trend of the human body, the 12-13 age groups belonged to the acceleration stage of adolescent growth spurt. The 14-15 age groups belonged to the latter period of adolescent growth. The 16-17 age groups belonged to the termination stage of adolescent growth. 2. In the Heath-Carter's somatotyping method, the average somatotype changed into M.M- C-C-M-D with age. 3. In the alphamerical analysis, the first critical point appeared at the stature 146 Cm in case of weight, LBM and fat. The second critical point appeared at the stature 154-157 Cm in case of LBM and Fat. All the three measurement showed positive allotmentty.