• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제46권3호
• /
• pp.451-460
• /
• 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of acetaminophen on feed intake and growth performance of Hanwoo steers in the summer. Eight steers participated in a twelve-week experiment. The steers were randomly assigned into one of two treatments: Control and acetaminophen supplementation. Commercial acetaminophen was top-dressed to a concentrate mix at a rate of 3 g/kg based on dry matter. Individual feed intake was measured daily during the entire period of the experiment, and the intake of forage and concentrate diet were measured separately. The body weight of the steers were measured every 4 weeks. During the experimental period, ambient temperatures were recorded using an automatic temperature and humidity recorder. Acetaminophen had no effect (p > 0.05) on body weight, average daily gain, dry matter intake (DMI) and feed conversion ratio. Numerically, total DMI and concentrate DMI in the acetaminophen treated group were 5.7% and 7.6% lower than those of the control group, respectively, and the daily gain was 9.7% higher. As a result, the feed conversion rate of the acetaminophen treated group improved by 17% compared to the control; however, it was not statistically significant (p = 0.237). The results of this study suggest that acetaminophen supplementation may reduce the feed conversion ratio of Hanwoo steers under high temperature stress. However, further studies are needed to confirm the optimal level of acetaminophen supplementation which has a significant effect on the intake and weight gain of Hanwoo steers in the summer.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.452-458
• /
• 2019

Objective: The study was carried to determine the interaction effects of pen enrichment and sex on behavioral activities, skin lesions and physiology of Windsnyer pigs. Methods: Forty-eight growing Windsnyer pigs of both sex, with an average initial body weight of 21.6 (${\pm}9.01$) kg were used. Four pigs were randomly assigned to either enriched or barren pens at a stocking density of $0.35m^2/pig$. Enriched pens contained 2 L bottles filled with stones and suspended at head level on ropes stretching across the pens. In addition, two plastic balls (90 mm in diameter) and 500 mL bottles (235 mm long) were placed on the floor of each enriched pen. Results: Pigs in barren environments had higher heart rates (p<0.001) than those in enriched pens. There was an interaction of pen environment and sex on rectal temperature (p<0.001). Females in enriched pens had higher rectal temperatures (p<0.05) than females in barren pens. There was no interaction of pen environment and sex on time spent eating and drinking (p>0.05). Time spent bullying was influenced (p<0.05) by pen environment and sex. Female pigs in barren environment spent more time on bullying than females in enriched pens. There was an interaction of pen environment and sex on time spent lying down and walking (p<0.05). Female pigs in enriched pens spent more time lying down than females in barren pens. Males in barren pens spent more time walking than males in enriched pens while no effect of pen environment was observed in females. There was an interaction of pen environment and sex on the number of skin lesions in the head, neck and shoulder region and other parts of the body (p<0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded that pen enrichment reduced the number of skin lesions and anti-social behaviors, especially for female pigs. There is a need, therefore of housing indigenous pigs under confinement.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• 제34권9호
• /
• pp.1552-1558
• /
• 2021

Objective: This work was carried out to evaluate the effects of zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) and ractopamine hydrochloride (RH) combined with immunocastration on the welfare traits of feedlot Nellore cattle. Methods: Ninety-six Nellore males (average body weight [BW] = 409±50 kg; average 20 mo of age) were divided into two groups according to BW; half of the animals in each group received two doses of an immunocastration (ImC) vaccine in a 30 day interval, and the other half did not receive the vaccine (NoC). Afterward, the animals were housed and fed a common diet for 70 days. Then, they were split into three groups and fed one of the following diets for 30 additional days: control (CO) diet, with no β-AA; ZH diet, containing 80 mg/d ZH; and RH diet, containing 300 mg/d RH. Welfare traits were assessed by monitoring body surface temperature using infrared thermography (IRT) and plasma cortisol and temperament measurements. Results: There was no interaction between sexual condition and diet for any trait. The ImC and NoC groups did not differ in rectal and ocular temperatures. The ImC animals had higher flight speeds (p = 0.022) and tended to have higher cortisol levels (p = 0.059) than the NoC animals. Animals fed ZH and RH did not differ in cortisol levels, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, temperature measured by IRT, or temperament behaviour. Conclusion: The ImC animals showed a less stable temperament during handling practices than NoC, whereas ZH and RH supplementation had no adverse effects on animal welfare.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• 제36권7호
• /
• pp.1067-1074
• /
• 2023

Objective: Better feed efficiency can be achieved by selecting rabbit genotypes with lower residual feed intake (RFI) under high ambient temperatures. Methods: Two genotypes of rabbits (Jabali, Saudi local breed and imported, Spanish V-line) were used to derive RFI and to investigate the relationship between RFI and productive traits. In total, 250 animals (125 each) were housed in individual wire mesh cages in a semi-closed rabbitry. Growth performance, feed criteria, carcass evaluation, biochemical blood analysis, and immune responses were determined. Results: Superiority in growth performance, feed efficiency, carcass characteristics, and cellular immunity was recorded in the Jabali breed compared to the V-line genotype. According to regression analysis, a significant effect of daily body weight gain was found, upon computing the expected feed intake in both genotypes. Moreover, mid-body weight^0.75 had a significant effect only in the Jabali breed. Positive correlation coefficients between RFI and dry matter feed intake or feed conversion ratio were found. The same trend in this relationship between RFI and productive traits was observed in some cases for both genotypes. An opposite trend in correlations was observed in the studied genotypes for some traits. Conclusion: The results suggest that the relationship between RFI and productive traits must be taken into consideration in rabbit breeding programs under the prevailing environment. However, further studies are required to investigate the effect of rabbit genotype and environmental factors on computing RFI.

• 한국버섯학회지
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.112-116
• /
• 2024

느타리버섯 신품종 '다원타리'는 충청북도농업기술원 육성품종 '수타리'와 분양받은 '대장2호'로부터 분리한 단포자를 교배한 품종으로, 갓색은 회갈색을 나타내며 갓형태는 얕은 깔때기 형이며 대색은 백색이고 대는 가늘고 긴형이다. 병재배 시 배양기간은 26일, 초발이소요일수는 5일, 생육일수는 4일로 총 재배기간이 35일이 소요되어 대조품종 '수타리'보다 2일 길었다. 갓직경은 31 mm, 갓두께 17 mm 였으며, 대직경은 12 mm, 대길이는 76 mm로 대조품종인 '수타리'와 비교하였을 때 대가 가늘고 긴 형태를 나타내었다. 병당 평균 수량은 185 g 으로대조품종 '수타리'의수량 176 g 대비 5% 높게나타났다.

• 한국버섯학회지
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.109-114
• /
• 2012

느타리 버섯류의 새로운 품종을 개발하기 위하여 고품질의 짙은 회색느타리 신품종을 육성하였다. 2003년부터 2004년까지 느타리 유전자원의 특성검정을 하였다. 2008년에 육종모본수한과 '농기201호'의 단핵체간 교잡하여 04-154 교잡주를 육성하였다. 이 교잡주 04-154와 품종 '청풍'의 단핵체와 다시 교잡하여 우수한 Po2008-275를 선발하여 특성검정, 확대재배를 실시하여 농작물 직무육성 신품종 선정심의회에서 '구슬'로 명명되었다. 주요특성으로 균사 생장 적온이 $25{\sim}30^{\circ}C$이며 버섯 원기형성 및 발생 온도는 $10{\sim}16^{\circ}C$이였다. 자실체의 갓 색깔은 짙은 회색으로 자연 상태에서 봄, 가을에 재배가 알맞은 특성을 가지고 있다. 균사체 배양기간은 25~30일이며 균 긁기 후 초발이소요일수는 3~5일로 온도가 높을수록 단축된다. 자실체 형태는 얕은 깔때기형이다. 대굵기는 $16.8{\pm}1.6mm$, 대길이는 $51.0{\pm}4.4mm$로 다른 느타리 종에 비해 자실체 대가 굵고 다소 짧은 편이다. 자실체 수량은 상자 당($43{\times}43{\times}11cm$) 1,545g으로 04-154 계통친이 100일 때 '구슬' 137, '청풍'이 146이었다. 가변특성으로는 감자배지와 버섯완전배지에서 균사를 배양한 결과 버섯완전배지에서 생장이 양호하였다. 또한 3종류의 primer를 이용하여 새로운 품종 '구슬'과 모균주에 대한 DNA profile을 분석한 결과 primer URP 1, primer URP 2, primer URP 5에서 양친주의 주요 밴드를 가지며 대조구인 '춘추2호'와는 뚜렷하게 구분되었다. 신품종 느타리 '구슬'은 소비자들이 가장 선호하는 짙은 회색의 갓을 나타내어 고품질을 요구하는 소비자를 만족시키는데 기여 할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국버섯학회지
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.130-134
• /
• 2009

느타리 버섯류의 새로운 품종을 개발하기 위하여 백색느타리 신품종을 육성하였다. 2005년부터 2007년까지 백색느타리 유전자원을 수집하여 특성검정을 하였다. 2007년에 육종모본 수한의 백색변이체 ASI2842와 원형의 백색변이체 MGL0205를 선발, 교잡하여 84개의 교잡주를 육성하였다. 이중에서 우수한 Po2007-63 ($2842-7{\times}0205-7$) 을 선발하여 특성검정, 확대재배를 실시하여 농작물 직무육성 신품종 선정심의회에서 '고니 '로 명명되었다. 주요특성으로 균사 생장 적온이 $25{\sim}30^{\circ}C$이며 버섯 원기 형성 및 발생 온도는 $10{\sim}16^{\circ}C$이였다. 자실체의 갓 색깔은 백색으로 자연 상태에서 봄, 가을에 재배가 알맞은 특성을 가지고 있다. 균사체 배양기간은 25~30일이며 균 긁기 후 초발이소요일수는 3~5일로 온도가 높을수록 단축된다. 자실체 형태는 얕은 깔때기형이다. 유효경수는 병당 $8{\pm}2$개, 대굵기는 $14{\pm}1mm$, 대길이는 $67.6{\pm}8mm$로 다른 느타리 종에 비해 자실체 대가 굵고 길며, 갓두께는 $4.7{\pm}0mm$로 갓이 작고 부스러짐에 강하여 품질이 우수하다. 자실체 수량은 병당 ($850m{\ell}$) $91{\pm}13g$로 대조군 미소의 수량지수를 100으로 보았을 때 97이였다. 품질을 높게 하려면 재배온도를 $11^{\circ}C$ 정도로 다소 낮은 생육온도에서 관리하는 것이 좋다. 가변특성으로는 감자배지와 버섯완전배지에서 균사를 배양한 결과 $20-25^{\circ}C$에서는 버섯완전배지에서 생장이 빠르다. 그러나 $30^{\circ}C$에서는 감자배지에서 생장이 양호하였다. 이러한 현상은 대조구인 미소에서도 동일한 경향이었다. 또한 2종류의 primer를 이용하여 새로운 품종 '고니'와 모균주에 대한 DNA profile을 분석한 결과 primer URP 1에서는 양친주의 주요 밴드를 가지며 대조구인 미소와는 뚜렷하게 구분되었고, primer URP 2에서는 양친주 주요 밴드는 가지나 대조구와도 유사한 밴드를 나타내었다. 신품종 백색느타리 '고니'는 백색이 갖는 깨끗하고 신선한 이미지로 웰빙식품이 각광을 받고 있는 시대에 맞게 다양하고 우수한 버섯을 요구하는 소비자를 만족시키는데 기여 할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국어병학회지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.97-111
• /
• 1997

1995년 겨울 경북 구룡포에 있는 축제식 양식장에서 사육중이던 넙치(평균 체장 : 31cm, 평균체중 : 300g)에 백점병이 발생하여 대량 폐사를 일으켰다. 감염 넙치로부터 병리조직학적, 원인충의 형태학적 및 생물학적 특성을 조사한 결과, 아가미 및 지느러미의 병리조직학적 검사에서 많은 섬모충들이 상피 하층으로 뚫고 들어감으로써 기생 부위의 상피 세포와 점액 세포가 증식을 일으킨 것을 볼 수 있었고 병어의 지느러미, 체표 및 아가미에서 작은 백점을 나타낸 충체는 기생성 섬모충 Cryptocaryon irritans의 특징을 갖추고 있었다. 그러나 이 충의 증식 방법은 다분열증식법 이외에도 출아와 다분열을 혼합한 또하나의 증식법(혼합 증식법)을 가진 것으로 조사되었으며 수온 $16^{\circ}C$에서는 위와 같은 두가지의 증식 방법이 약 3대 2의 비율로 나타났고 다분열 증식형의 충체는 8~14일만에, 혼합 증식형의 충체는 13~15일 만에 각각 자충을 방출하였다. 수온 $12\sim24^{\circ}C$의 조건에서 염분 농도 범위 $0\sim35\%_{\circ}$를 $5\%_{\circ}$ 간격으로 조절하여 충체의 생존능력을 살펴본 결과 다분열 증식형의 총체는 $12^{\circ}C$에서 $30\%_{\circ}$이하, $16^{\circ}C$에서 $20\%_{\circ}$ 이하, $20^{\circ}C$에서 $15\%_{\circ}$이하 그리고 $24^{\circ}C$에서 $25\%_{\circ}$ 이하에서 각각 폐사된 반면 혼합 증식형의 충체는 $12^{\circ}C$에서 $20\%_{\circ}$ 이하, $16\sim20^{\circ}C$에서 $15\%_{\circ}$ 이하 그리고 $24^{\circ}C$에서 $25\%_{\circ}$ 이하에서 각각 폐사를 나타내어 저수온($12\sim16^{\circ}C$)에서 혼합 증식형의 충체가 다분열 증식형의 충체보다 다소 낮은 염분 농도에서 생존이 가능함을 보여주었다. 수온 $12\sim24^{\circ}C$의 조건에서 탈낭 소요 시간 및 탈낭률은 다분열 증식형의 총체가 $12^{\circ}C$에서 8일 및 30%, $16^{\circ}C$에서 6.5일 및 50%, $20^{\circ}C$에서 5.5일 및 75% 그리고 $24^{\circ}C$에서 7일 및 10%를 나타낸 반면 혼합 증식형의 충체는 $12^{\circ}C$에서 15.5일, $16^{\circ}C$에서 14일 및 76.6%, $20^{\circ}C$에서 12일 및 72.2% 그리고 $24^{\circ}C$에서 10일 및 31.6%를 나타내어 모든 수온 조건에서 혼합 증식형의 충체가 다분열 증식형의 충체 보다 탈낭 소요 시간이 길며 수온 $16^{\circ}C$에서 최고의 탈낭율을 나타내어 저수온에 다소 안정적인 것을 보여주었다.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.485-492
• /
• 2006

The AA5182/polypropylene/AA5182(AA/PP/AA) sandwich sheets have been developed for application to automotive body panels in future lightweight vehicles with significant weight reduction. It has been reported that the AA5182 aluminum sheet shows $L\"{u}ders$ band because of dissolved Mg atoms that cause fabrication process problem, especially surface roughness. The examination of serration behavior has been made after the tensile deformation of the AA/PP/AA sandwich sheets as well as that of the AA5182 aluminum skins at room and elevated temperatures. All sandwich sheets and the AA5182 aluminum skin showed serration behavior on their flow curves. However, the magnitude of serration was significantly diminished in the sandwich sheet with high volume fraction of the polypropylene core. According to the results of the analysis of the surface roughness following the tensile test, $L\"{u}ders$ band depth of the sandwich sheet evidently showed lower than that of the AA5182 aluminum skin. The strain rate sensitivity, m-value, of the AA5182 aluminum skin was -0.006. By attaching these skins to the polypropylene core, which has relatively large positive value of 0.050, m-value of the sandwich sheets changed to the positive value. The serration mechanism of the sandwich sheets was quantitatively investigated in the point of the effect on polypropylene thickness variation, that on the strain rate sensitivity and that on the localized stress state.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.117-122
• /
• 2005

Titanium alloy has widely been used as material for glasses frame parts because it has high specific strength. It is also light and harmless to human body. However, we have little design data about the mechanical properties such as the creep behaviors of the alloy. Therefore, in this study, creep tests under four constant stress conditions have been conducted with four different temperature conditions. A series of creep tests had been performed to get the basic design data and life prediction of titanium products and we have gotten the following results. First, the stress exponents decrease as the test temperatures increased. Secondly, the creep activation energy gradually decrease as the stresses became bigger. Thirdly, the constant of Larson-Miller parameter on this alloy was estimated as about 2.5. Finally, the fractographs at the creep rupture showed the ductile fracture due to the intergranullar rupture and some dimples.