• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.193-200
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• 2009

Purpose：In this study is to verify the effects postural control training based on Bobath approach for body schema and visual perception on Middle Cerebral Artery(MCA) Infarcts. Methods：The subject was a 46 years old man with MCA infaction, lives in B city. An AB design for a single-subject research was used for this study. The procedures consisted of 1 time of baseline phase(A), 20 times of treatment phase(B). We applied the Bobath approach at the subject. Treatments included to facilitate trunk alignment and stability, and to train weight bearing and shifting, to facilitate pelvis movement, and to train walk especially stance phase and assist up-down stairs locomotion in environment similar to actual daily life. Results：With this treatment, the majority of body schema and visual perception and postural control was improved in treatment phase compared with in baseline phase. Therefore, this study supported the effectiveness of postural control training based on Bobath approach for body sechma and visual perception of hemiplegia. Conculusion：This study is integrated postural control training with Bobath approach that are widespread for hemiplegia and measured outcomes based on individualized therapy goals. Consequently the study is suggested the meaning of quality effectiveness of Bobath approach.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.113-119
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• 2008

Purpose : In this case report, we demonstrated the improvement of gait ability on the child who has mental retardation with incomplete gait pattern. Methods : The subject was a 4 years old boy with mental retardation. We applied the Bobath approach to the subject. Treatments included to facilitate trunk alignment and stability, and to train weight bearing and shifting, to facilitate pelvis posterior-anterior movement, and to train walk especially stance phase and assist up-down stairs locomotion in environment similar to actual daily life. It was performed 24 sessions for 12 weeks. Results : With this treatment, he could accomplish dynamic standing stability and he could independent walk at the out door after 12 weeks. In gross motor function measure(GMFM), total motor function was improved to 85.6% from 75.7%. Conclusion : The gait ability of child with mental retardation was improved by using the bobath approach.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.855-861
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to compare a pelvic tilt angle between sound side and affected side in hemiplegic patients and the changing affected pelvic posterior tilt angle was measured at intervals of 3, 6, 9 weeks after Bobath approach. The subject for the study were 10 hemiplegic patients(mean age of 54.1 years)without orthopedic disability on pelvic bone. The data were analyzed by t-test, one-way ANOVA. The results of this study were as follows. There was a significant difference in the pelvic tilt angle between sound side and affected side in hemiplegic patients. There was a significant difference in affected pelvic posterior tilt angle between pre-treatment and post-treatment(9 weeks).

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.79-86
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• 2008

Background: The purpose of this study was to present a practical method of medical treatment to improve the balance and motor ability of the mentally retarded child with a single mentally retarded child-subject. Methods: The subject of the study was a 39-month-old mentally retarded female. This study included a 2-week basic period and a 13-week treatment period. The treatment method was based on the Bobath Approach. Gross motor function measurement (GMFM) was used to examine changes in motor ability, and the Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS) was used to measure changes in balance ability. The curative program was composed of normalization of muscle tone, strengthening of leg endurance and muscular strength, the improvement of trunk alignment, and the increase of balance. Visual rate of change was used to examine the results. Results: As a result of this study, balance ability increased on the Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS) by 24 points, and motor function increased in terms of Gross Motor Function Measurement (GMFM) by 6.9% (18 points). Standing increased by 41% (16 points), and walking, running, and jumping increased by 31.9% (23 points) compared to thebasic period. Therefore, the Bobath Approach appears to be an appropriate method to improve balance and motor ability in mentally retarded children. Conclusion: It is surmised that aggressive intervention by physical therapists and occupational therapists, and a follow-up study, are required for the growth of motor ability in mentally retarded children.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.79-90
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• 1998

Neurodevelopmental treatment(NDT) is a widely used technique by physical and occupational therapists in the treatment of neuromuscular disorders. Childeren with cerebral palsy are frequently referred for physical and occupational therapy, yet the effectiveness of treatment has not been well-documented. More than 40 years ago, the Bobath introduced a treatment concept for individuals with central nervous system impairment. A theoretical framework for the approach was based on the common belief in the 1940s that the nervous system functions in a hierarchy. Clinical aspects of the NDT approach have grown and changed during the past 40 years. This article details the original NDT concepts and looks at the concept with regard to newer theoretical frameworks of nervous system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.277-284
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• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of Bobath and conventional method has an effect on gait of adult hemiplegic patients. Methods : The data were collected by each 15 adult stroke patients. The treatment was based on Bobath and conventional approach. Temporal and spatial parameters of gait were analysed for using the computerized GAITRite system. Results : The gait step (p<.05), gait velocity (p<.05), cadence (p<.05) and step length (p<.05) was significantly different with the Bobath method. The Gait step (p<.05) and gait velocity (p<.05) was significantly different with the conventional method. But the cadence and step length was not significantly increased in the conventional method. Conclusion : The Bobath method is more useful to improve the gait in hemiplegic patients than conventional method.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.9-19
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• 1995

Therapist have many troubles in the treatment of the patients who have a disorder in Centural Nerve System. It is the role of therapist that is to discriminate and control tone in the patients. In the case of hypertonus to be with hypotonus it is needed for therapist to inhibite the tonus properly without being influenced from the associated reaction. In this study the therapeutic control of the hypertonus and hypotonus through the Bobath approach is presented in detail. It is suggested that the holistic approach using the plasticity of patients base on the Bobath concept is to be used in the improvement of activities and functions of individual patients.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.751-760
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• 2001

Therapeutic exercise had developed with human being. It depend upon development of physiology, anatomy, kinesiology and biomechanics. There are two categories in therapeutic exorcise. One is classical therapeutic exercise which is a activity of one muscle group, one axis and one plane motion. It is ROM, FRE. osteokinematics, arthrokinematics. Another is neurophysiological approach which is multi muscle group, multi axis and plane exercise. It is PNF and Bobath that start from 1940 to early 1950. Classical therapeutic exorcise develop from ROM to osteokinematics and arthrokinematics. It is foundation of the joint mobilization and orthopaedic manual physical therapy. Neurophysiological therapeutic approaching has more theory and skills than before. Bobath methods had changed from reflex-inhibiting posture to key points of control and added the theory of musculoskeletal, biomechanics, motor behaviour and cognition. We call it motor control.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.89-96
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of modified golf swing training on gait characteristic in hemiplegic patient through Kwon 3D motion analysis system. Methods: This study has performed single subject design from September to October 2008. The subject had left hemiplegia due to CVA in December 2003. He has treated Bobath approach twice a week. In order to increase ankle dorsiflexion and knee flexion, the subject has applied modified golf swing training on the basis of Bobath approach. The measurement of gait characteristic was taken by Kwon 3D motion analysis system. Results: The results were as follows : 1) Walking velocity was increased 0.62m/sec than before the training. 2) Step length was increased 0.09m than before the training. 3) Left ankle and hip angle were increased, but left knee angle was decreased. Conclusion: It could be concluded that the activity modified golf swing training in walking pattern contributed to improve the movement quality and speed of gait.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.181-191
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• 1998

The age of specialization is upon physical therapy, as evidenced by the many special interest group. One of the special interest is manual therapy, which is the study of neurology, biomechanic, behavior science and pathology as well as the application of evaluative and treatment techniques of the neuromusculoskeletal system. Trend of manual therapy cover the whole medical in Europe. but America has two categories which is the neurologic manual therapy and the orthopedic manual therapy. The neurologic manual therapy was integrated with theory of PNF, Bobath technique, Vojta which is neurophysiologic approach concept. It is called motor control. A key aspect of the motor control requires a through knowledge of neurobiologic, biomechanic, and behavioral science. The orthopedic manual therapy runs to the evaluation and treatment of joints and their surrounding structures increase or decrease mobility and Fain control. In this article has to define and clarify the basic concepts of orthopedic manual therapy by comparing the general concepts, evaluation schemes, and treatment procedures of John McM Mennell, James Cyriax, Geoffrey Maitland, Freddy Kaltenborn and Ola Grimsby.