• Title/Summary/Keyword: Blood flow area

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Effects of Low Intensity Blood Flow Restriction Training on Brain Motor Area Activation

  • Rhee, Min-Hyung;Kim, Jong-Soon
    • PNF and Movement
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.235-241
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    • 2022
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of low intensity blood flow restriction training (LBFR) on the central nervous system of healthy adults. Methods: Ten healthy right-handed adults (eight males and two females, mean age of 28.6 ± 2.87 years) were selected as study subjects. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was conducted to measure brain activation (BA) following LBFR and non-LBFR. The primary motor area, premotor area, and supplementary motor area, which are closely related to exercise, were set as the regions of interest. Results: The BA recorded during the LBFR condition was 931.7 ± 302.44 voxel, and the BA recorded during the non-LBFR condition was 1,510.9 ± 353.47 voxel. Conclusion: BA was lower during LBFR than during non-LBFR.

NUMERICAL STUDY ON THE BLOOD FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF STENOSED AND BIFURCATED BLOOD VESSELS WITH A PHASE ANGLE CHANGE OF A PERIODIC ACCELERATION (주기 가속도 위상변화에 따른 협착 및 분지 혈관의 혈류 특성에 대한 수치해석적 연구)

  • Ro, K.C.;Cho, S.W.;Lee, S.H.;Ryou, H.S.
    • Journal of computational fluids engineering
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.44-50
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    • 2008
  • The present study is carried out in order to investigate the effect of the periodic acceleration in the stenosed and bifurcated blood vessels. The blood flow and wall shear stress are changed under body movement or acceleration variation. Numerical studies are performed for various periodic acceleration phase angles, bifurcation angles and section area ratios of inlet and outlet. It is found that blood flow and wall shear stress are changed about ${\pm}20%$ and ${\pm}24%$ as acceleration phase angle variation with the same periodic frequency. also wall shear stress and blood flow rate are decreased as bifurcation angle increased.

A study of gingival blood flow using laser Doppler flowmetry (Laser Doppler Flowmetry를 이용한 치은혈류량에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Hyung Soo;Lee, Zang-Hee;Song, Hyung-Geun;Kim, Byung-Ock;Han, Kyung-Yoon
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.309-320
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    • 1998
  • The periodontal health has been evaluated clinically by various epidemiological indices, and in researches by measurement of gingival crevicular fluid. Laser Doppler flowmetry is a reliable and objective method that allows immediate measurement of erythrocyte flux in approximately one cubic mm of the capillary bed without disturbing the tissues. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether human gingival blood flow was different according to measuring area, measuring time, and sex or not. Forty volunteers with good general and periodontal health, aged early twenties and unmarried, were selected. Laser Doppler flowmetry($floLAB^{(R)}$, Moor Instruments Ltd., England) was applied to measure the gingival blood flow of marginal gingiva, interdental papilla, attached gingiva and alveolar mucosa. The blood flow of interdental papilla was measured at 9-10 AM, 1-2 PM, and 5-6 PM. The difference of blood flow according to measuring area and measuring time was statistically analyzed by one way AOVA and Dunkan test, and the difference of blood flow between men and women was statistically analyzed by t-test. (1) Mean blood flow was significantly higher in alveolar mucosa than in the gingiva(p<0.05), and there was no significant difference in blood flow between marginal gingiva and interdental papilla(p>0.1). (2) Mean blood flow was significantly higher at 5-6 PM than at 9-10 AM and 1-2 PM(p<0.05). But there was no significant difference in gingival blood flow between 9-10 AM and 1-2 PM(p>0.1). (3) There was no significant difference in gingival blood flow between men and women(p>0.1). The above results suggest that the measurment of gingival blood flow using laser Doppler flowmetry may be clinically applicable to early determination of gingival inflammation and evaluation of healing status, but further studies are necessary to standardize and simplify the measuring procedure.

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Effects of blood flow restriction on gluteus muscles thickness, density, and WAI for children with cerebral palsy (혈류제한이 뇌성마비 아동의 큰볼기근 두께와 밀도 및 백색영역지수에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Jae Cheol;Lee, Dong Kyu
    • Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.48-56
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    • 2022
  • Background: This study was to identify the effects of blood flow restriction on gluteus muscles thickness, density, and white area index for children with cerebral palsy. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: Twenty children with cerebral palsy were assigned randomly to an experimental (n=10) or control (n=10) group. The experimental group performed a bicycle exercise after blood flow restriction. The control group performed a bicycle exercise. The study used an ultrasonic instrument to measure gluteus muscles thickness, density, and WAI. Wilcoxon signed ranks test was used for determination of differences before and after treatment, and a Mannn-whitney U test was used for determination of differences between treatment groups. Results: As a result of comparison within groups, the experimental and control group showed significant difference for gluteus muscles thickness, density, and WAI after the experiment (p<0.05). In comparison between two groups, the experimental group showed more significant difference in gluteus muscles thickness, density, and WAI than the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Based on these results, a bicycle exercise after blood flow restriction effectively improved the gluteus muscles thickness, density, and WAI of children with cerebral palsy.

Detection of laser doppler blood flow signal from human teeth

  • Ikawa, M.;Iiyama, M.;Shimauchi, H.
    • Proceedings of the KACD Conference
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    • 2003.11a
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    • pp.546.1-546
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    • 2003
  • Laser doppler flowmeter (LDF) has been applied to the measurement of pulpal blood flow (PBF) in human teeth. As far as we searched, the detection area of the pulp in the blood flow measurement has not been clarified, yet. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to obtain information of the detection area in PBF measurement using LDF. The experiments were performed on the artificial blood circulation in extracted human upper central incisors. The apical portions of examined teeth (n=6) were severed and root canals were enlarged from the apical end to the 2mm incisal to the level of enamel-cement junction. An individual resin cap of each tooth was prepared and a hole was drilled 2mm incisal to enamel-cement junction of the labial side of the cap. The measurement probe of LDF (MBF3D, Moor Instrument, UK) was plugged into the hole of the cap. Heparinized human peripheral blood, which was in advance collected and diluted 3 times with physiological saline, was pumped through the apical foramen of the teeth via a silicone tube and a disposable needle (o.d. 0.7mm) and blood flow signals were monitored. The flux signal significantly increased with the enlargement of the root canal to incisal direction (p<0.01, Friedman analysis). The result indicates that the performance of LDF in PBF with human teeth is limited.

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Fluid-structure interactions of physiological flow in stenosed artery

  • Buriev, Bahtiyor;Kim, Tae-Dong;Seo, Tae-Won
    • Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.39-46
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    • 2009
  • Atherosclerosis is a disease that narrows, thickens, hardens, and restructures a blood vessel due to substantial plaque deposit. The geometric models of the considered stenotic blood flow are three different types of constriction of cross-sectional area of blood vessel; 25%, 50%, and 75% of constriction. The computational model with the fluid-structure interaction is introduced to investigate the wall shear stresses, blood flow field and recirculation zone in the stenotic vessels. The velocity profile in a compliant stenotic artery with various constrictions is subjected to prescribed physiologic waveform. The computational simulations were performed, in which the physiological flow through a compliant axisymmetric stenotic blood vessel was solved using commercial software ADINA 8.4 developed by finite element method. We demonstrated comparisons of the wall shear stress with or without the fluid-structure interaction and their velocity profiles under the physiological flow condition in the compliant stenotic artery. The present results enhance our understanding of the hemodynamic characteristics in a compliant stenotic artery.

Effects of Pressurization on Finger's Blood Velocity of Tendon and Muscle Areas in Forearm of 20's male (20대 남성의 아래팔 손목 건영역과 근육영역 가압이 손가락 혈류속도에 미치는 효과)

  • Kim, Nam Yim;Hong, Kyunghi
    • Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.488-496
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    • 2019
  • This study investigated if the proper pressure level on the wrist tendon area and muscle area of the lower arm are within the same range by examining the responses of blood flow and subjective evaluation. Subjects consisted of 18 males in their 20s, and the experimental bands were custom-made by applying size measurements of each subject. In the experiment, a total of 5 steps were selected by reducing 10 (Step 1) to 50 (Step 5)% from the original body size in the circumferential direction. Blood flow was measured with a sensor attached to the tip of the finger inside the right hand while sitting in a chair for 15 minutes. Blood velocity began to increase (0.82 kPa) when the wrist circumference around tendon area was reduced by 20% (Step 2) and reached its maximum (1.72 kPa) at Step 4. However, the preferred subjective pressure was 1.36 kPa, which was less than the maximum pressure value of 1.72 kPa for Step 4. Blood velocity began to increase when pressure on the muscle area was 1.38 kPa and reached its maximum at 2.16 kPa; however, the most preferred clothing pressure was 1.71 kPa. The results of this study showed that the appropriate pressure level was higher in the muscle area than in the wrist tendon of the lower arm and indicated that graduated compression is favorable.

Effect of Strength Training Combined with Blood Flow Restriction Exercise on Leg Muscle Thickness in Children with Cerebral Palsy

  • Mun, Dal-Ju;Park, Jae-Cheol
    • PNF and Movement
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.441-449
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of strength training combined with blood flow restriction on leg muscle thickness in children with cerebral palsy. Methods: Nineteen children with cerebral palsy, aged between five and 10 years of age, living in area N, were recruited. Ten participants were classified into a blood flow restriction group and nine into a strength exercise group. The experimental group performed strength training using a blood flow restriction cuff on the leg, and the control group performed strength training without blood flow restriction. A paired t-test was performed to confirm intragroup changes before and after five weeks of the experiment, and an independent t-test was performed to confirm intergroup changes, and the significance level was α=0.05. Results: The rectus femoris, gastrocnemius and gluteus medius muscles showed significant differences in the groups after five weeks (p<0.05). There was a significant difference between the groups in the rectus femoris and gastrocnemius after five weeks (p<0.05). Conclusion: As a result of this study, it was found that strength training combined with blood flow restriction had a positive effect on the changes in leg muscle thickness in children with cerebral palsy. This suggests the possibility of using it in the future as basic data for strength training methods and blood flow restriction exercises for children with cerebral palsy.

Effect of Mori Folium Extract on Improvement of Blood Flow in Ferric Chloride-Induced Carotid Artery Damage Rat Model (염화제2철이 유도하는 경동맥 손상 렛트 모델에서 상엽 추출물의 혈행개선 효과)

  • Kang, Hyun Ju;Jeon, In Hwa;Kwon, Tae Oh;Choi, Jiwon;Kim, Sung Zoo;Jang, Seon Il
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.28 no.6
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    • pp.607-613
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    • 2014
  • In a previous study, we have shown that mulberry leaves (Mori Folium) extract MFE) and its compounds have the antioxidant effect in human red blood cells. However, the possible effect of MFE and its compounds on improvement of blood flow were not reported. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of MFE and its compounds on improvement of blood flow in a rat model of topical ferric chloride ($FeCl_3$)-induced carotid artery damage. The $FeCl_3$ treatment seriously damaged the carotid artery: the walls of the artery, blood flow rate, blood vessel diameter, blood vessel area and blood flow amount. However, administration of MFE or its compound has ameliorated the blood flow and suppressed thrombus in blood vessels. Moreover, the concentrations of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol in the MET and its compound groups were remarkably reduced in comparison to the control group, and HDL cholesterol concentration was higher in the MET and its compound groups than in the control group. These results suggest that MFE and its compounds ameliorate the thrombosis against blood vessel damage.

Portal blood flow measurement by doppler ultrasonography in dogs (도플러 초음파를 이용한 개의 간혈액량의 측정)

  • Sung, Jai-ki;Lee, Young-won;Lee, Hee-chon;An, Yong-ju;Choi, Ho-jung;Yoon, Jung-hee
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.37 no.3
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    • pp.661-668
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    • 1997
  • Portal blood flow was measured with pulsed doppler ultrasound in thirty normal dogs. In normal dogs, the average portal blood flow velocity was $17.03{\pm}1.75cm/sec$ and the average portal blood flow was $41.59{\pm}10.10ml/min/kg$. The incident angle between the doppler beam and the portal vein averaged $65^{\circ}$. The average portal vein sectional area was $0.41{\pm}0.14cm^2$. The Congestion index was $0.0245{\pm}0.0081cm{\cdot}sec$. Conclusively, the spectral doppler ultrasonography was quick, non-invasive and simple diagnostic method in circulatory disorders of liver.

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