• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.1416-1423
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• 2016

This study was designed to investigate the effect of grape pomace powder (GPP), mangosteen peel powder (MPP) and monensin on feed intake, nutrients digestibility, microorganisms, rumen fermentation characteristic, microbial protein synthesis and nitrogen balance in dairy steers. Four, rumen fistulated dairy steers with initial body weight (BW) of $220{\pm}15kg$ were randomly assigned according to a $4{\times}4$ Latin square design to receive four treatments. The treatments were as follows: T1 = control, T2 = supplementation with monensin at 33 mg/kg diet, T3 = supplementation with GPP at 2% of dry matter intake, and T4 = supplementation with MPP at 30 g/kg diet. The steers were offered the concentrate diet at 0.2% BW and 3% urea treated rice straw (UTRS) was fed ad libitum. It was found that GPP supplemented group had higher UTRS intake and nutrient digestibility in terms of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber than those in control group (p<0.05). Ammonia nitrogen ($NH_3-N$) and blood urea-nitrogen concentration were higher in monensin, GPP and MPP supplemented groups (p<0.05). Total volatile fatty acids and propionate in the GPP group were higher than those in the control group (p<0.05) while acetate concentration, and acetate to propionate ratio were decreased (p<0.01) when steers were supplemented with GPP, monensin, and MPP, respectively. Moreover, protozoal populations in GPP, MPP, and monensin supplementation were significantly lower than those in the control group (p<0.05), while cellulolytic bacterial population was significantly higher in the control group (p<0.05). Nitrogen retention, microbial crude protein and efficiency of microbial nitrogen synthesis were found significantly higher in steers that received GPP (p<0.05). Based on this study it could be concluded that the GPP has potential as an alternative feed supplement in concentrate diets which can result in improved rumen fermentation efficiency, digestibility and microbial protein synthesis in steers fed on treated rice straw.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.38-45
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• 2020

Background: Differentiation of cerebellopontine angle (CPA) schwannoma from meningioma is often a difficult process to identify. Purpose: To identify imaging features for distinguishing CPA schwannoma from meningioma and to investigate the usefulness of susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) in differentiating them. Materials and Methods: Between March 2010 and January 2015, this study pathologically confirmed 11 meningiomas and 20 schwannomas involving CPA with preoperative SWI were retrospectively reviewed. Generally, the following MRI features were evaluated: 1) maximal diameter on axial image, 2) angle between tumor border and adjacent petrous bone, 3) presence of intratumoral dark signal intensity on SWI, 4) tumor consistency, 5) blood-fluid level, 6) involvement of internal auditory canal (IAC), 7) dural tail, and 8) involvement of adjacent intracranial space. On CT, 1) presence of dilatation of IAC, 2) intratumoral calcification, and 3) adjacent hyperostosis were evaluated. All features were compared using Chi-squared tests and Fisher's exact tests. The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to identify imaging features that differentiate both tumors. Results: The results noted that schwannomas more frequently demonstrated dark spots on SWI (P = 0.025), cystic consistency (P = 0.034), and globular angle (P = 0.008); schwannomas showed more dilatation of internal auditory meatus and lack of calcification (P = 0.008 and P = 0.02, respectively). However, it was shown that dural tail was more common in meningiomas (P < 0.007). In general, dark spots on SWI and dural tail remained significant in multivariate analysis (P = 0.037 and P = 0.012, respectively). In this case, the combination of two features showed a sensitivity and specificity of 80% and 100% respectively, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.9. Conclusion: In conclusion, dark spots on SWI were found to be helpful in differentiating CPA schwannoma from meningioma. It is noted that combining dural tail with dark spots on SWI yielded strong diagnostic value in differentiating both tumors.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.20-50
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• 2000

This paper was written into condsideration records about the definition of "Ong-Jeo", the difference between "Ong" and "Jeo", the Western medical approach to "Ong-Jeo", and the etiology and pathologic mechanism of "Ong-Jeo". After this study, I report the following results from it. 1. "Ong" is an acute diapyesis disease which is found is in our skin and muscle and flesh. The chrateristics of this disease is that the affacted site is shine, no head, and the size is 3-4 chon. The prossess of the diesease shows that it is very quick, and very easily swell, and becomes pus easily, easily become to ulcer, easily converge. But this don't damage to the muscle and bone. 2. "Jeo" is the disease which damages bone-skeleton, muscle and flesh, and even destroy the stationary tissue. Jeo can be divided into two. One is called "Yudujeo" and it is acute diapydesis disease. The characteriscs of this disease is the miliary abscess, swell, has fever, and has an ache which is feeled spaned. And this is diffused into periphrey tissue and is diffused into deep site. After the ulcer, this becomes to shape the cellula. The size is more than 3-4 chon and this disease goes into chuk if this is serious. The other one is called "Mudujeo" and this disease is the ulcerative one in our joint and skeleton. The characteristic of this disease shows that the color of skin be not changed, and swell diffusely, and is not easily vanished, not easily becomes ulcerative, and not easily becomes converged. 3. "Ong-Jeo" is caused by the bacteriunm named by the "Golden and Yeollw Staphylococcus" in the Western medicine. "Ong" can be applicable to the carbuncle, acute diapyesis lymphadenitis, and some of cellulitis. "Jeo" can belong to cellulitis, and Mudujeo can belong to suppurative arthritis, suppurative osteomyelitis, tuberculous arthritis and osteomyelitis, and tuberculous lymphadenitis. 4. The etiologies of "Ong-Jeo" can be divided three, which are internal, external and other etiology which can not be clasiffied by two etiologies above. The internal etiology is seven emotion, and the external etiology is the six eumsa, unki, chunhang and so on. Other etiology is inadequate absorption of food, and excessive bang-sa. 5. The etiology of "Ong" is suppurative one which is choked between our skin and muscle and flesh, and is congested, become to hot, and finally erodes the muscle and flesh because of the inbalance of cirrculation in the enegy and blood. "Jeo" is the same as the Ong, but this is the suppurative disease which damages the muscle, flesh, and skeleton, and even damages into five Zang, the internal intestine.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.109-114
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• 2000

Objectives: This study was performed to examine the characteristic cardiovascular response patterns associated with the imagination and discussion of anger-provoked events in patients with hwa-byung. Methods: Forty-three female patients with hwa-byung were evaluated with the Korean version of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety, Beck Depression Inventory, and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression just before the task. Subjective Units of Distress (SUDS) and Vividness of the event (VIVID) during the imagination and discussion of the event were evaluated immediately after tasks. Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) during baseline, rest, and tasks were also evaluated. Results: Both startle and recovery responses of BP, startle response of HR, SUDS, and VIVID in discussion task were significantly larger than in the imagination task. Conclusion: Results suggest that it is undesirable for the patients to excessively and repeatedly recall and talk about the anger events.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.67-78
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• 1967

Over the past 6 years, from May 1960 to June 1966, 1,716 patients with various diseases of thyroid were examined and thyroid function tests with $^{131}I$ were done. Among them, 545 patients with hyperthyroidism were treated with $^{131}I$. A summary of the clinical data of the $^{131}I$-thyroid function tests and the therapeutic results of $^{131}I$ were presented and discussed. 1. The patients examined consisted of; 596 cases(34.7%) with toxic diffuse goiter, 412 cases(24.0%) with non-toxic nodular goiter, 278 cases(16.2%) with euthyroidism, 236 cases(13.8%) with non-toxic diffuse goiter, 89 cases(5.2%) with hypothyroidism, 53 cases(3.1%) with toxic nodular goiter, 32 cases(1.9%) with thyroiditis and 20 cases(1.2%) with dyshormonogenesis. 2. There were 218(12.7%) male patients and 1,498(87.3%) female patients, showing a ratio of 1:6.9. female predominantly. 3. The majority of patients(79.6%) were in the 3rd through 5th decades of their lives showing the peak in the 4th decades(35.9%). 4. The diagnostic values and normal ranges of $^{131}I$ uptake test, 48 hour serum activity, $T_3$ red blood cell uptake and $PB^{131}I$ conversion ratio were discussed. 5. An attention was given to dyshormonogenesis, a qualitative hypothyroidism, due to its characteristic findings of clinical and $^{131}I$ thyroid function tests, and its pathogenesis was briefly reviewed. 6. Among 545 patients with hyperthyroidism treated with $^{131}I$, 68.3% was cured after single. therapeutic dose and another 24.0% was cured after second dose. 7. The complications of $^{131}I$ therapy were discussed in some details and myxedema had developed. in 3.9% of our cases. No thyroid cancer was found after $^{131}I$ therapy.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.217-226
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• 2017

Purpose: Hematotoxicity following anti-cancer treatment is known to be related to treatment efficacy in several malignancies. The purpose of this study was to examine the hematologic parameters related to the tumor response and survival in patients treated with curative surgery following preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for rectal cancer. Materials and Methods: Four hundred eighteen patients with rectal cancer who underwent preoperative CRT and curative surgery were analyzed, retrospectively. The main clinical factors and blood cell counts before and after CRT were investigated with respect to their relationships with tumor downstaging and patient survival. Results: The post-CRT leukocyte count was significantly different between the tumor downstaging group and the non-downstaging group (median, 4740/uL vs. 5130/uL; p = 0.013). Multivariate analysis showed that histological grade, circumferential extent, and post-CRT leukocyte count were related to tumor downstaging. In addition, histological grade, post-CRT leukocyte count, and tumor downstaging were related to disease-free survival. The 5-year disease-free survival and overall survival in patients with post-CRT leukocyte count ${\leq}3730/uL$, which is the cut-off value derived from the receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, were significantly higher than those with higher counts (88.0% vs. 71.6%, p = 0.001; 94.4% vs. 84.1%, p = 0.024). Conclusion: Post-CRT leukocyte count of ${\leq}3730/uL$ could be regarded as a good prognostic factor for tumor response and survival in rectal cancer patients treated with preoperative CRT.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.59-70
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• 1991

In order to investigate the effects of glutathione against ceroidosis on flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, a serial experiment was carried out at indoor tanks in Cheju province, the southern island of R.O.Korea, from October 1 to November 4 of 1991. The choosed group of flounder for this experiment, ranged from 92 to 122g in body weight, already showed a distinct histological ceroidosis in liver, spleen, kidney about six months before this experiment. They were fed on formulated diets supplemented with glutathione of 0mg, 1mg, 2mg, 5mg, 10mg per kg of diet per day. Some flounders were fed on the decomposed diet as a control continuosuly. Two individuals fed on the experimental diets were cought at an interval 7 days for 35 days and analyzed the values of blood indexs. 1. While the values of RBC, Hb, Ht, MCHC, MCV of flounder fed on the decomposed diet and the glutathione non-supplemented diet were not changed compared with the beginning levels of experiment, those fed on the glutathione supplemented diets, showed markedly increased values from 7th day of experiment and from 21th day of experiment reached to the values of healthy flounder. 2. The variation of TP, Glu, Alp, BUN, TG, T-cho, GOT and GPT were not observed in the groups fed on the control diet and glutathione non-supplemented diet. In contrast, those values in the groups fed on the glutathione supplemented diets were markedly decreased from 7th day and become constant from 21th day. 3. The effect of glutathione supplementation with high concentration in diets showed much better improvements of symptoms concequently, compared with those of low concentration diets.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.346-349
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• 2015

Objective : To investigate the value of lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) in fracture risk assessment (FRAX) tool. Methods : One hundred and ten patients aged over 60 years were enrolled and divided into 2 groups as non-osteoporotic vertebral fracture (OVF) and OVF groups. The 10-year-risk of major osteoporotic vertebral fracture of each group was calculated by FRAX tool with femoral and lumbar spine BMDs to compare the usefulness of lumbar spine BMD in prediction of OVF. The blood level of osteocalcin and C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) as markers of activities of osteoblast and osteoclast, respectively were analyzed using the institutional database. Results : In the OVF group, the ratio of patients with previous fracture history or use of glucocorticoid was higher than those in non-OVF group (p=0.000 and 0.030, respectively). The levels of T-score of femur neck and lumbar spine in OVF group were significantly lower than those in non-OVF group (p=0.001 and 0.000, respectively). The risk of OVF in FRAX using femur BMD in non-OVF and OVF groups was $6.7{\pm}6.13$ and $11.4{\pm}10.06$, respectively (p=0.007). The risk of using lumbar BMD in the 2 groups was $6.9{\pm}8.91$ and $15.1{\pm}15.08$, respectively (p=0.002). The areas under the receiver operator characteristic curve in the FRAX risk with lumbar and femur neck BMD were 0.726 and 0.684, respectively. The comparison of osteocalcin and CTX was not significant (p=0.162 and 0.369, respectively). Conclusion : In our study, the 10-year risk of major osteoporotic fracture in the OVF group of our study was lower than the recommended threshold of intervention for osteoporosis. Hence, a lower threshold for the treatment of osteoporosis may be set for the Korean population to prevent OVF. In the prediction of symptomatic OVF, FRAX tool using lumbar spine BMD may be more useful than that using femur neck BMD.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.83-88
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• 2008

Thromboembolic disease associated with assisted reproductive techniques is considered to be extremely rare but most serious complication. The reasons for this are thought to hypercoagulable state characteristic of OHSS due to high serum levels of estrogen, hemoconcentration and reduced circulating blood volume, but is still unclear. The risk is increased those with rare hypercoagulable conditions such as antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, protein C deficiency, protein S deficiency, antithrombin III deficiency, and those with a personal or family history of thromboembolic disease. The majority of thrombosis reported were venous site but arterial thrombosis mostly intracerebral was reported 5 cases in Korea so far. We present a case of basilar a. thrombosis at 11 days after hCG injection. The patient developed the right hemiparesis, and recovered after intraarterial thrombolysis and transluminal angioplasty. Protein S activity was decreased and vWF antigen was increased. Decreased protein S activity was also found in previous reported 4 cases, so we suggest screening test for protein S in OHSS patients.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.467-475
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• 2006

The necessity of adequate pregnancy weight gain for optimal pregnancy outcome has been recognized. However, the specific components of pregnancy weight gain that might be critical for fetal growth and development have not been elucidated clearly. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of pregnancy weight gain and birth weight with serum leptin levels in women delivered newborns. The subjects were recruited from K university hospital. The subject's characteristic data (age $32.1\;{\pm}\;4.3\;y$, gestational age $39.5\;{\pm}\;1.1wk$, pre-pregnancy weight $58.0\;{\pm}\;8.6\;kg$, pregnancy weight gain $12.7\;{\pm}\;5.5\;kg$, newborn's birth weight $3.5\;{\pm}\;0.5\;kg$) were gathered. Maternal dietary assessment was carried out at the end of pregnancy. After delivery, blood samples were collected from 20 mother-newborn pairs. Serum levels of various lipids and leptin were analyzed. Maternal daily consumption of iron, zinc, folate were lower than the RDA of each nutrient and index of nutritional quality was less than 1 showing that the quality of maternal diet was low. The levels of serum leptin of mothers and infants were $10.2\;{\pm}\;6.7\;ng/ml$ and $1.7\;{\pm}\;0.6\;ng/ml$, respectively. The serum leptin concentrations of male infants $(1.9\;{\pm}\;0.7\;ng\;ml)$ were not different from that of females $(1.7{\pm}0.5\;ng/ml)$. A negative correlation was found between the maternal pre-pregnant BMI and weight gain during pregnancy (r = -0.54, p < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the pregnancy weight gain and the newborn's birth weight (r=0.59, p < 0.01 There were also positive correlation between newborn's birth weight and newborn's serum leptin levels (r = 0.57, p < 0.01). No correlations were found between maternal serum leptin levels and that of newborn's. Efforts should be made to attain adequate diet and weight gain during the pregnancy to reduce the likelihood of low or over birth weight of newborns.