• 분석과학
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.199-204
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 음주 후 시간경과에 따른 혈중알코올농도 변화의 재현성을 실험하였다. 5명의 한국인 자원자에게 22%(v/v) 소주 한병(ethyl alcohol로 환산했을 경우 55.5 g)을 30분 안에 나눠 마시게 하는 실험을 5회 반복하였다. 자원자들에게는 안주로 회와 탕수육을 교대로 제공하였다. 알코올 섭취량과 섭취시간을 일정하게 유지했음에도 불구하고 혈중알코올농도가 최고에 이르는 시간과 그 때의 농도 및 시간경과에 따른 혈중알코올농도의 감소율은 사람에 따라 큰 차이를 보였다. 또한 안주에 따라서도 시간 변화에 따른 혈중알코올농도 변화곡선이 달라지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 동일인에게 5회에 걸쳐 각기 다른 날 동일한 조건으로 음주하게 한 후 혈중알코올농도 변화곡선을 관찰한 결과, 시간경과에 따른 혈중알코올농도변화는 재현성이 없이 나타나는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 특정 시간대의 혈중알코올농도를 정확하게 역추정하는 것은 불가능하다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.479-484
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• 2009

This study investigated the characteristics of baking bread and cookies supplemented with taurine and the effect of taurine addition on BAC(blood alcohol concentrations) and UAC(urine alcohol concentrations). Healthy male college students were divided into two groups, the control and the taurine group. Bread was baked with the addition of 0, 2, 4 and 6% taurine and baked with the addition 0, 3 and 6% taurine. The bread containing 2% taurine showed the fastest fermentation among the 4 groups. Fermentation and oven-spring of breads baked with a taurine concentration greater than 4% of taurine disturbed. In some areas of the sensory test, the taurine supplemented bread had higher scores than the control bread. We served 6 g of taurine supplemented cookies with 1,000 $m{\ell}$ of beer to 8 students in the taurine group. After 2 hours of drinking beer, the BAC and UAC of the taurine group were found to be lower than the control group. But no difference was found in the alcohol excretion of their urine. From this study we concluded that the taurine has an effect on the detoxication of alcohol, which reduces the BAC.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.256-261
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• 2015

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) on the clinical parameters in trauma patients. Methods: From January 2011 to March 2013, the records of a total of 102 trauma patients with BAC data were analyzed retrospectively. The revised trauma score (RTS), injury severity score (ISS), presence of shock, use of mechanical ventilation and blood transfusion, length of hospital stay, and mortality were collected. Patients were divided into four groups in accordance with the level of BAC: group A (<100 mg/dL), B (100~200 mg/dL), C (200~250 mg/dL), and D (>250 mg/dL). Patients were also divided into two groups depending on the presence of the shock, and gender, ISS, BAC, and presence of active bleeding were compared between these two groups. Results: No statistically significant differences in the ISS, RTS, presence of active bleeding, use of mechanical ventilation, and mortality were noted between groups A to D. However, the presence of shock was significantly higher in group D. After patients with severe chest injuries had been excluded, mechanical ventilation was found to have been applied more frequently in the higher BAC groups (C and D). A logistic regression analysis of these factors showed that extremely high BAC (>250 mg/dL) was an independent indicator of shock. Conclusion: High BAC is a predicator of shock and the need for mechanical ventilation in patients with trauma, regardless of injury severity. Alcohol intoxication leads to an overestimate of the clinical condition and aggressive management for trauma patients. Thus, a guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of patients intoxicated with alcohol is necessary.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.108-114
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• 2014

Purpose: Alcohol ingestion is a significant risk factor for injuries. However, the influence of high blood alcohol concentration about the severe traumatic injury is controversial. The aim of study was to analyze the injury severity, prognosis in severe traumatic patients according to alcohol ingestion. Methods: This study was performed retrospectively with severe traumatic patients (Injury Severity $Score{\geq}16$) who visited the emergency department at Pusan National University Hospital from January 2013 to December 2013. Results: In total 98 severe traumatic patients, blood alcohol concentration (BAC) positive group (BAC>30 mg/dl) is 42 (42.90%) patients and BAC negative group ($BAC{\leq}30mg/dl$) is 56 (57.10% )patients. Head and neck injury is significantly high in BAC positive group (35 patients, 83.3%) compared to BAC negative group (33 patients, 58.9%). Comparison of injury severity, outcome and mortality is not significantly different between two groups. Conclusion: In severe traumatic patients, head and neck injury occurred high in BAC positive group. Alcohol ingestion did not influence injury severity, outcome in severe traumatic patients. However, effort to decreasing injury related to alcohol ingestion and prospective multi-center study is needed.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.610-615
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• 2010

Alcohol is the most widely psychoactive drug and has known in almost all civilization since ancient time. Recently increase consuming alcoholic beverages, alcohol is on of the major public health problems in the world. Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) play important roles in the metabolism of alcohols and aldehydes. The drink consists of medicinal herbs, Puerariae Radix, Phyllostachyos Folium, Citri Pericarpium, Polygonati Rhizoma, Rehmanniae Rhizoma (Vinegar), which have been widely used in oriental medicine. This study was designed to investigate effects of medicinal herbal drink (MHD) on alcohol metabolism in drunken SD rats subjects. In experiment, rats were treated to ethanol (EtOH, 3 g/kg, PO) at 60 min. after saline (CON) or MHD (1 ml/kg, PO) administration. The blood alcohol concentration (BAC), blood acetaldehyde concentration (BALC) activities of ADH, ALDH, AST and ALT were significantly decreased in MHD group than in control group as a time-dependent manner. And drinking water volume in MHD group with duplicate treatment, were significantly decreased than in CON group. These results suggested that MHD intake could give an influence upon the reduction in BAC and BALC may alleviate acute ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity by altering alcohol metabolic enzyme activities.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.227-235
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• 2020

Purpose: Alcohol intoxication is commonly associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI), but the influence of alcohol on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score remains unclear. This study investigates the effects of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) on the GCS score in head trauma patients with alcohol intoxication. Methods: In total, 369 head trauma patients with alcohol intoxication in a 1-year period were retrospectively analyzed. The patients underwent head computed tomography and had a BAC ≥80 mg/dL. Patients were divided into TBI and non-TBI groups. Brain injury severity was further classified using the head Abbreviated Injury Score (AIS). The effects according to 5 BAC groups were examined. Results: The TBI group consisted of 64 patients (16.2%). The mean BAC was significantly higher in the non-TBI group (293.4±87.3 mg/dL) than in the TBI group (242.8±89.9 mg/dL). The mean GCS score was significantly lower in the TBI group (10.3±4.6) than in the non-TBI group (13.0±2.5). A higher BAC showed a significant association with a lower mean GCS score in the TBI group, but not in the non-TBI group. Above ≥150 mg/dL, higher BACs showed significant odds ratios for a lower GCS score. Conclusions: The influence of alcohol in patients with head trauma depended on the presence of a brain injury. An association between a higher BAC and a lower GCS score was only observed in patients with TBI. Therefore, if a severe brain injury is suspected based on a GCS evaluation in patients with alcohol intoxication, prompt diagnosis and intensive care should be performed without delay.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.505-511
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• 2014

목적: 호흡 알코올 농도를 제한한 상태에서 알코올 섭취로 인한 호흡 알코올 농도(breath alcohol concentration, BrAC) 증가가 대비감도에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 방법: 20대의 남성 23명(평균연령 $21.17{\pm}2.19$세, body mass index(BMI) $22.09{\pm}2.16$)을 대상으로 Watson 공식을 기반으로 개발된 BAC(blood alcohol concentration) Dosing Software를 이용하여 호흡 알코올 농도 0.05%와 0.08%에 도달하기 위한 알코올 양을 산정하여 투여한 후 다양한 휘도(명소시, 박명시, 박명시 눈부심) 상태에서 대비감도를 측정하여 비교 분석하였다. 결과: 호흡 알코올 농도가 증가할수록 모든 공간주파수에서 대비감도는 감소하였다. 정점대비감도는 명소시 상태에서 6 cycle per degree(cpd), 박명시 상태에서 3 cpd로서 호흡 알코올 농도가 증가하여도 정점이동이 나타나지 않았지만, 박명시 눈부심 상태에서는 0%와 0.05%에서는 6 cpd, 0.08%에서는 3 cpd로서 호흡 알코올 농도 증가에 따른 정점이동이 나타났다. 결론: 음주에 의한 호흡 알코올 농도 증가는 모든 공간주파수에서 대비감도의 감소와 정점대비감도의 이동을 유발함으로써 다양한 시작업에 영향을 미치고 안전사고의 원인이 될 수 있으므로 주의하여야 한다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.919-925
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• 2003

Alcohol consumption has numerous health consequences for the human body. For example, heavy drinking on a daily basis causes liver diseases, and certain products such as acetaldehyde produced from alcohol metabolism are more toxic than alcohol itself. Accordingly, the current study evaluated the role of Lactobacillus fermentum MG590 to enhance the removal of the toxic effect of alcohol in alcohol metabolism. The maximum activities of the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) by L. fermentum MG590 were observed after 6 h of culture. The production of ADH and ALDH by L. fermentum MG590 was also confirmed by SDS-PAGE. Six hours after the addition of alcohol to a culture broth of L. fermentum MG590, the alcohol concentration decreased from 7.5 to 2.7％. From an in vitro evaluation based on hepatocytes, the viability of hepatocytes in a medium containing alcohol and the cytosol of L. fermentum MG590 was higher than that in a medium containing only alcohol. From an in vivo test using SD rats fed a 22％ alcoholic drink, the blood alcohol concentration (BAC), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) in the rats fed a medium containing L. fermentum MG590 were lower than those in the rats fed a medium containing only the alcohol drink. These results demonstrate that the ADH and ALDH produced by L. fermentum MG590 play an important role in detoxicating alcohol in vivo. Therefore, a fermentation broth of L. fermentum MG590 could be used as an effective alcohol detoxification drink.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.228-233
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effect of dissolved oxygen in alcohol to blood pressure of healthy persons. Methods: Subjects (n=30) were randomized in a double blind crossover study to receive 120 mL, 240 mL, 360 mL of alcohol (Korean spirit, 19.59 v/v%, dissolved oxygen is 8 ppm and 20 ppm). Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and blood pressure were measured applying Lion SD-400 Alcolmeter$^{(R)}$ Breathalyser and Tensoval duo control. Pharmacokinetic parameters ($C_{max}$, $T_{max}$, $AUC_{last}$, $K_{el}$, $V_d$, Clearance) were calculated using Winnonlin$^{(R)}$ program. The difference of parameters and values were analysed by student t-test using Microsoft$^{(R)}$ Excel program. Results: The $AUC_{last}$ values of 8 ppm group and 20 ppm group in 240 ml administration were $6.15{\pm}2.60cg{\cdot}min/ml$, $5.33{\pm}1.84cg{\cdot}min/ml$ (p<0.05) and those in 360 mL were $11.93{\pm}5.70cg{\cdot}min/ml$, $10.33{\pm}4.60cg{\cdot}min/ml$ (p < 0.01), respectively. Thus, the $AUC_{last}$ was significantly decreased. On the other hands, there was a significant change in systolic blood pressure (SBP) after alcohol administration. All measured value after 360 mL of alcohol administration was significantly decreased (p < 0.01). Conclusions: The dissolved oxygen in alcoholic beverage has no effect on blood pressures but the alcohol administration has an effect on blood pressure. Thus, SBP can be used as a biomarker of alcohol administration and utilized in PK/PD modeling of alcohol.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.153-158
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• 2016

목적: 호흡 알코올 농도(BrAC) 증가가 시야 및 가독시야에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 20대 남성 23명(평균연령 $21.17{\pm}2.19$세, BMI $22.09{\pm}2.16$)을 대상으로 호흡 알코올 농도 0.05%와 0.08%에 도달에 필요한 섭취 알코올 양을 BAC(Blood Alcohol Concentration) Dosing Software를 이용하여 산정하고 섭취시킨 후, Vision Disk를 이용해 시야와 가독시야를 각각 측정하였다. 결과: 시야는 호흡 알코올 농도 0.00%에서 $74.41{\pm}15.97^{\circ}$, 0.05%에서 $64.98{\pm}17.93^{\circ}$, 0.08%에서는 $58.33{\pm}19.01^{\circ}$로 측정되었고(p=0.000), 가독시야는 0.00%에서 $21.93{\pm}12.71^{\circ}$, 0.05%에서 $17.41{\pm}11.36^{\circ}$, 0.08%에서는 $14.26{\pm}9.93^{\circ}$로 측정되어(p=0.006), 호흡 알코올 농도가 증가할수록 시야와 가독시야 모두 감소하였다. 결론: 음주로 인한 호흡 알코올 농도 상승은 시야 및 가독시야를 감소시켜 안전사고 발생의 원인이 될 수 있으므로 이에 대한 경각심이 필요하다.