• 농업과학연구
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.315-324
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• 2011

Riparian vegetation distribution patterns and diversity relative to various fluvial geomorphic channel patterns, stream bank stabilization methods, and stream flow processes are described and interpreted for selected nature-friendly small stream bank protection of Goesan, central Korea. Idong Stream Pilot Project, which began in May 2003 and finished in December 2003, was selected to develop effective methods which was nature-friendly stream bank protection. The project aim to maintain or increase stream bank stabilization ecosystem goods and services while protecting downstream and stream bank ecosystem. A number of protecting methods which were a Flight of fieldstone, Vegetation block, Green river block, Stone net, Green environment block, Eco friendly cobble, Vegetation mat and Geo-green cell and Firefly block were applied on the bank of Idong stream. The stream sites have been monitored about vegetation conditions each method in 2007. We selected six points to separately investigate in left and right bank. The main purpose of this study was to find out suitable methods and to improve stream restoration techniques for ecosystem. On the stream bank, H environment block method (9.7) was the highest average of vegetation coverage and Firefly block method (3.87) was the lowest average in applied methods.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2009년도 학술발표회 초록집
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• pp.2078-2082
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• 2009

Riparian vegetation distribution patterns and diversity relative to various fluvial geomorphic channel patterns, stream bank stabilization methods, and stream flow processes are described and interpreted for selected stream of Goesan, Central Korea. Idong Stream Pilot Project, which began in May 2003 and finished in December 2003, was selected to develop effective methods. The project aim to maintain or increase stream bank stabilization ecosystem goods and services while protecting downstream and stream bank ecosystem. A number of protecting methods which are a Flight of fieldstone, Vegetation block, Green river block, Stone net, Green environment block, Eco friendly cobble, Vegetation mat and Geo green cell and Firefly block were applied on the bank of Idong stream. The stream sites have been monitored about flora conditions each method in 2007. We selected 12 points for summer seasons to separately investigate in left bank, right bank and river bed. The main purpose of this study was to find out suitable methods and to improve stream restoration techniques for ecosystem. On the stream bank, Eco friendly cobble method(9.57) was the highest average of vegetation cover and Firefly block method(3.87) was the lowest average in applied methods.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2018

The main objective of this paper is to classify properties of the locational environment for each debris type by calculating likelihood ratio based on the correlation between the distributions for each type of debris landform. A total of 8 thematic maps, like as elevation, slope, aspect, curvature, topographic wetness index (TWI), soil drainage, geology, and landcover including with GIS spatial information generally used in this type of debris landform analysis. The results of this study showed that the block stream had a high likelihood ratio compared to talus in areas with relatively high elevation; and concerning slope, the block stream had a high likelihood ratio in a relatively low region than talus. Concerning aspect, a clear correlation could not be analyzed for each debristype, and concerning curvature, the block stream displayed a developed slope on the more concave valley than the talus. Analysis concerning TWI, the block stream displayed a higher likelihood ratio in wider sections than talus, and concerning soil drainage, the talus and block stream both displayed a high likelihood ratio in regions with well-drained soil. The talus displayed a high likelihood ratio in the order of metamorphic rocks, sedimentary rocks, and granite, while the block stream displayed a high likelihood ratio in the order of volcanic rocks, granite, and sedimentary rocks. In addition, concerning landcover, the likelihood ratio had the most concentrated distributed compared to natural bare land only concerning talus. Based on the likelihood ratio result, it can be used as basic data for extracting the possible areas of distribution for each debris type through the GIS spatial integration method.

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 1998년도 가을 학술발표논문집 Vol.25 No.2 (3)
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• pp.600-602
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• 1998

RFC 959 정의한 FTP 의 세가진 전송모드, Stream, Block, Compressed전송 모드 중 현재 주로 사용되고 있는 전송 모드는 Stream 전송모드인데. 이 Stream전송모드에서 서버 또는 네트웍에 치명？인 오류 발생하였을 경우 이를 체크 할 수 없고 서버에 재접속하였을 겨우 처음부터 재전송 하영햐 하는 문제점이 발생한다. 이를 개선한 Block, Compressed전송 모드의 경우, 데이터 스트림에 정보 헤더를 추가하여야 함으로써 오버 헤드를 발생한다. 본 논문에서는 클라이언트 FTP상에서 전송 상태를 체크하게 함으로서 전송 중단시 중단된 시점부터 나머지 데이터를 보냄으로써 FTP의 스트림 전송 모드의 문제점을 개선하는 방법을 제시한다.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.77-98
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• 1993

본 연구는 암설사면지형이 잘 발달하고 다양하게 분포하는 태백산맥의 남부산지를 대상으로 항공 사진판독과 도상계측 및 현지조사를 통하여 노출암설사면의 분포, 형태 및 퇴적물의 특성을 분석하고 사면의 지형적 배열과 지형발달에 관해서 연구한 논문으로써 분포적 특성에 있어서는 애추의 경우 기반암이 경암이거나 절리가 잘 발달된 지질에서, 암괴류의 경우는 화강섬록암 지질에서 높은 분포밀도를 보였다. 형태적 특성은 애추, 암괴류 모두 설상이 각각 83${\%}$, 80${\%}로 가장 많았으며 지형면의 경사도에 있어서는 애추가, 길이에 있어서는 암괴류가 각각 우세했다. 퇴적물의 특성중 암설의 평균입경은 암괴류가 보다 크게 나타났다. 한 지형면에서 암설의 장축방향성의 경우 방향성 있는 경우와 없는 경우가 있는데, 후자는 지형면상의 함몰로 그 방향성이 상실된 것으로 보인다. 끝으로 지형발달의 경우, 애추는 암석낙하(rock fall)에 의한 형성기(최종빙기)와 2차적인 영역에 의한 조정기(후빙기)로 암괴류는 암괴의 생성기(제3가 또는 제 4기의 간빙기), 암괴류의 형성기(최종빙기), 조정기(후빙기)로 구분할 수 있었다. 그리고 산지 사면의 배열유형은 6가지 유형으로 분류되었다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.23-26
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• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate water quality after construction of straightened concrete block at Tongbok stream and difference of water quality between natural stream and municipal stream artificially straightened. In Tongbok upstream which was natural block having a variety of sand, there was ability to purify pollutants by microorganism and filtration. There was ability to purify pollutants in natural section of the natural midstream which have a diversity and a plenty of sands. In Tongbok upstream BOD concentration was lower than that of reservoir, but in midstream which was straightened concrete block without sand, BOD and NH$_3$-N concentration was higher than that of upstream and deteriorated water quality.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 1998년도 추계종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1215-1218
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• 1998

본 논문은 Digital Audio Compression(AC-3) Standard 인 A-52를 기반으로 하였으며 Borland C++3.1 Compiler를 사용하여 AC-3 Decoding Algorithm 구현하였다. Input Stream은 DVD VOB File에서 AC-3 Stream만을 분리하여 사용하며 최종 출력은 16 Bit PCM File이다. AC-3의 Frame구조는 Synchronization Information, Bit Stream Information, Audio Block, Auxiliary Data, Error Check로 구성된다. Aduio Block 은 모두 6개의 Block으로 나뉘어져 있다. BSI와 Side Information을 참조하여 Exponent를 추출하여 Exponent Strategy에 따라 Exponent를 복원한다. 복원된 Exponent 정보를 이용하여 Bit Allocation을 수행하여 각각의 Mantissa에 할당된 Bit수를 계산하고 Stream으로부터 Mantissa를 추출한다. Coupling Parameter를 참조하ㅕ Coupling Channel을 Original Channel로 복원시킨다. Stereo Mode에 대해서는 Rematrixing을 수행한다. Dynamic Range는 Mantissa와 Exponent의 Magnitude를 바꾸는 것으로 선택적으로 사용할 수 있다. Mantissa와 Exponent를 결합하여 Floating Point coefficient로 만든 후 Inverse Transform을 수행하면 PCM Data를 얻을 수 있다. PC에서 듣기 위해서는 Multi Channel을 Stereo나 Mono로 Downmix를 수행한다. 이렇게 만들어진 PCM data는 PCM Data를 재생하는 프로그램으로 재생할 수 있다.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2017

The compression of video for both full HD and UHD requires the inclusion of extra vertical lines to every video frame, named as the DTV essential hidden area (DEHA), for the effective functioning of the MPEG-2/4/H encoder, stream, and decoder. However, while the encoding/decoding process is dependent on the DEHA, the DEHA is conventionally viewed as a redundancy in terms of channel utilization or storage efficiency. This paper proposes a block mode DEHA method to more effectively utilize the DEHA. Partitioning video block images and then evenly filling the representative DEHA macroblocks with the average DC coefficient of the active video macroblock can minimize the amount of DEHA data entering the compressed video stream. Theoretically, this process results in smaller DEHA data entering the video stream. Experimental testing of the proposed block mode DEHA method revealed a slight improvement in the quality of the active video. Outside of this technological improvement to video quality, the attractiveness of the proposed DEHA method is also heightened by the ease that it can be implemented with existing video encoders.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.206-214
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• 2004

본 연구의 목적은 정족산에 발달한 무제치 제2늪의 형성과정을 밝히는 것이다. 이를 위하여 꼭지와 곡지를 가로막은 암설지형의 형성과정을 분석하였다. 첫째, 무제치 제2늪이 발달한 곡지는 온난 습윤한 기후환경에서 절리를 따라 심층풍화 된 기반암의 풍화산물이 우세로 탈거되면서 만들어진 와지이다. 둘째, 무제치 제2늪은 플라이스토세의 최종빙기에 발달한 암괴류가 와지의 입구를 가로막음으로써 형성된 주변호소(marginal lake)가 사면에서 공급된 사력물질로 매립되면서 얕아져 수생식생이 자라게 되어 늪지로 변모하였다. 셋째, 제2늪은 늪지를 가로막은 암괴류 내의 세립 메트릭스 물질이 탈거됨으로써 점차 배수되어 육화되고 있다. 이를 지연시키기 위해서는 늪지를 가로막고 있는 암괴류 내의 빈 공간을 세립물질로 충진하여 배수를 억제하여야 한다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.853-864
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• 2017

HD padding area is essential redundancy in HD broadcasting. It is possible to use this padding area for the purpose of improving DTV broadcasting services. For utilization of this area, The bit of a service data was converted to black and white $8{\times}8$ block image. Converted block images are compressed with active video and are delivered to a receiver as only DC coefficients in a video stream. video quality is not effected by the proposed method, and service data was perfectly recovered in receiver without errors by using block average and threshold. The proposed utilization of HD essential padding area can possibly overcome the limited transmission stream rate with the bandwidth of HD broadcasting. If service data in transport or video stram were transferred using this padding area, it is possible to improve video quality with expanded video stream rate. Additionally, because the proposed methods are based on well-established standards, it is also useful for world-wide HD broadcasting systems such as ATSC, DVB, and IPTV.