• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.07b
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• pp.885-888
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• 2000

Among the previous searching methods, there are the typical methods such as full search and three-step search, etc. Block motion estimation using exhaustive search is too computationally intensive. To apply in practice, recently proposed fast algorithms have been focused on reducing the computational complexity by limiting the number of searching points. According to the reduction of searching points, the quality performance is aggravated in those algorithms. In this paper, We present a fast and efficient search algorithm for block motion estimation that produces better quality performance and less computational time compared with a three-step search (TSS). Previously the proposed Two Step Search Algorithm (TWSS) by Fang-Hsuan Cheng and San-Nan sun is based on the ideas of dithering pattern for pixel decimation using a part of a block pixels for BMA (Block Matching Algorithm) and multi-candidate to compensate quality performance with several locations. This method has good quality performance at slow moving images, but has bad quality performance at fast moving images. To resolve this problem, the proposed algorithm in this paper considers spatial and temporal correlation using neighbor and previous blocks to improve quality performance. This performance uses neighbor motion vectors and previous motion vectors in addition, thus it needs more searching points. To compensate this weakness, the proposed algorithm uses statistical character of dithering matrix. The proposed algorithm is superior to TWSS in quality performance and has similar computational complexity

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.10-12
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• 2014

This work is based on the motion estimation to handle the ill-posed nature. The algorithm used in this study that performs the motion estimation for overlapped block is used to calculate with using pixel of neighborhood block with higher correlation and present block by considering the correlation level of neighborhood block. The proposed method shows in a significant improvement in the quality of the mothion field when comparing the conventional methods.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.695-698
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• 2006

Six, one-year old dairy steers were randomly divided into two groups according to a Completely randomized design (CRD) to receive high-quality feed block (HQFB) without cassava hay and drenching (HQFB1+Ivomex) and HQFB with cassava hay (HQFB2) as block licks while grazing on Ruzi grass pasture. During the eight weeks, fecal parasitic egg counts dramatically declined for both treatment groups with 63.2 and 27.6% reduction from initial period for HQFB1+Ivomex and HQFB2, respectively. However, digestion of coefficients of nutrients particularly OM, were significantly higher in HQFB2 than, those in HQFB1+Ivomex, in addition, ADG of animals in HQFB2 tended to be higher than the group on HQFB1. It was, hence concluded that cassava hay could not only provide as a protein source but also serve as an anthelmintic in ruminants.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.115-124
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• 2008

This Study was investigated in main breakage types of 50 interlocking block pavements in apartment houses and evaluated on their performance. According to performance evaluation, maintenance control index of 9 aged interlocking block pavements ranged 7.9 to 8.9. These values meant that the condition of interlocking block pavements were still good. Therefore, it was concluded that the 10-year cycle of the block replacement recommended by Ministry of Construction & Transportation is necessary to reappraise. To objectively evaluate the performance of interlocking block pavements, this study presented the criteria of maintenance control by combining two maintenance control standards suggested by Ministry of Construction & Transportation and the Japan Interlocking Block Pavement Engineering Association. Also, this study suggested that the domestic standard is necessary to include durability standards and quality standards of joint filling materials and bedding sand layer for increasing expectation life and reducing maintenance costs of interlocking block pavements.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.11-14
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• 2003

In block-based lossy video compression, severe quantization causes discontinuities along block boundaries so that annoying blocking artifacts are visible in decoded video imases. These blocking artifacts significantly decrease the subjective image quality. In order to reduce the blocking artifacts in decoded images, many algorithms have been proposed However studies on so called, corner outliers, have been very limited. Corner outliers make image edges look disconnected from those of neighboring blocks at cross block boundary. In order to solve this problem, we propose a corner outlier detection and compensation algorithm as post-processing in spatial domain The experiment results show that the proposed method provides much improved subjective image quality.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.77-85
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• 2013

The aim of this study is to investigate strength and water purification characteristics of effective microorganism-applied volcanic ash block using flexural strength test and water quality analysis. The specimens were prepared with volcanic ash from Mt. Baekdusan and Mt. Hallasan, and cement as the ratios of 3.5:1, 4.0:1, 4.5:1, 5.0:1 with and without metakaolin. Flexural strength degraded with increasing of the amount of volcanic ash, and increased with addition of metakaolin as a binder. Based on these results, the optimal ratio for fabricating volcanic ash-cement mixture block is determined as 3.5:1 with metakaolin. Furthermore, from water quality analysis on contaminated water, removal ability of effective microorganism-applied volcanic ash-cement mixture block and caged volcanic ash block against T-N, T-P and SS was highly evaluated because of adsorption due to the large specific surface area of volcanic ash. Hence, volcanic ash-cement mixture block and caged volcanic ash block possibly contribute to water purification.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 2009

It is remarkable that the children's wear market has been growing instead of declining birth rate. The parents are willing to pay more when they find children's wear of better design and improved quality. For better quality, it is necessary to research on the pattern making of children's wear. After the interview with the 10 leading children's brands, we found that they develop individual design pattern based on each items middle block pattern which characterize the brands design line. Most frequently used middle block is for casual pants. Through interview with pattern designers, comparative study of patterns drafting methods, wearing test of trial garments and altering and adjustment of patterns, we developed the casual pants block pattern for 7 years old boys.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.23-30
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• 2008

A data hiding method based on least significant bit (LSB) substitution and multi-pixel differencing (MPD) is presented on the proposed method to improve the capacity of the hidden secret data and to provide an imperceptible visual quality. First, a sum of different values for four-pixel sub-block is calculated. The low value of the sum can be located on a smooth block and the high value is located on an edged block. The secret data are hidden into the cover image by LSB method in the smooth block, while MPD method in the edged block. The experimental results show that the proposed method has a higher capacity and maintains a good visual quality.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.23-26
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• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate water quality after construction of straightened concrete block at Tongbok stream and difference of water quality between natural stream and municipal stream artificially straightened. In Tongbok upstream which was natural block having a variety of sand, there was ability to purify pollutants by microorganism and filtration. There was ability to purify pollutants in natural section of the natural midstream which have a diversity and a plenty of sands. In Tongbok upstream BOD concentration was lower than that of reservoir, but in midstream which was straightened concrete block without sand, BOD and NH$_3$-N concentration was higher than that of upstream and deteriorated water quality.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.2005-2021
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• 2014

This paper proposes a novel image authentication scheme, aiming at tampering detection for block truncation coding (BTC) compressed image. The authentication code is generated by using the random number generator with a seed, and the size of the authentication code is based on the user's requirement, with each BTC-compressed image block being used to carry the authentication code using the data hiding method. In the proposed scheme, to obtain a high-quality embedded image, a reference table is used when the authentication code is embedded. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves high-quality embedded images and guarantees the capability of tamper detection.