• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 1991년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.107-112
• /
• 1991

The object of this study is to investigate material characteristics and flexural behavior of high strength concrete. Principal causes of variations of high compressive strength include the strength-producing capabilities of cement and silica hume. Compressive strength of 1200 kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$ is introduced for identifying the effect of the variation of the size of porocity and alternative method of measurement, Acoustic Emition method, is applied to examine the phenominon of concrete failure. The main test variables in the beam element are tensile steel ratios, presence of shear reinforcement, and change of steel shape. The estimation of stress block in the flexural test of this element tends to support the present theory and may suggest a desirable shape of the stress block.

• 한국철도학회논문집
• /
• 제10권5호
• /
• pp.527-532
• /
• 2007

본 논문은 철도신호에서 사용되는 이중계제어장치의 전원공급방식에 대하여 상수고장률을 기반으로 하는 평균고장률에 의한 설계와 신뢰도함수에 의한 설계방안을 제안한다. 일반적으로 시스템 운명이전에 신뢰도 요구사항 만족을 위한 시스템의 신뢰도 예측은 RBD모델을 사용하였다. 하지만 이중계제어장치와 같이 여분을 갖는 시스템의 신뢰도를 RBD와 같은 조합모델에 의해 정확한 신뢰도를 모델링하기에 부적합하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 다중계구조 제어기의 설계과정에서 단순조합모델에 의한 설계방식 선정보다는 결함발생에 대한 여분구조의 모델링을 통한 설계방식 선정이 보다 정확한 신뢰도를 갖는 시스템구축을 가능하게 하며, 운영중에 발생되는 유지보수비용 및 고장으로 인한 손실비용의 효율화를 위해 필요함을 입증한다.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• 제12권5호
• /
• pp.251-258
• /
• 2020

PURPOSE. The bond strengths between resin denture teeth with various compositions and denture base resins including conventional and CAD/CAM purposed materials were evaluated to find influence of each material. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Cylindrical rods (6.0 mm diameter × 8.0 mm length) prepared from pre-polymerized CAD/CAM denture base resin blocks (PMMA Block-pink; Huge Dental Material, Vipi Block-Pink; Vipi Industria) were bonded to the basal surface of resin teeth from three different companies (VITA MFT^®; VITA Zahnfabrik, Endura Posterio^®; SHOFU Dental, Duracross Physio^®; Nissin Dental Products Inc.) using resin cement (Super-Bond C&B; SUN MEDICAL). As a control group, rods from a conventional heat-polymerizing denture base resin (Vertex™ Rapid Simplified; Vertex-Dental B.V. Co.) were attached to the resin teeth using the conventional flasking and curing method. Furthermore, the effect of air abrasion was studied with the highly cross-linked resin teeth (VITA MFT^®) groups. The shear bond strengths were measured, and then the fractured surfaces were examined to analyze the mode of failure. RESULTS. The shear bond strengths of the conventional heat-polymerizing PMMA denture resin group and the CAD/CAM denture base resin groups were similar. Air abrasion to VITA MFT^® did not improve shear bond strengths. Interfacial failure was the dominant cause of failure for all specimens. CONCLUSION. Shear bond strengths of CAD/CAM denture base materials and resin denture teeth using resin cement are comparable to those of conventional methods.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제27권5호
• /
• pp.481-495
• /
• 2021

This article assesses and estimates the progressive failure mechanism of complex pit-rest secondary toppling of slopes that are located within the vicinity of the Gas Flare Site of Refinery No. 4 in South Pars Special Zone (SPSZ), southwest Iran. The finite element numerical procedure based on the Shear Strength Reduction (SSR) technique has been employed for the stability analysis. In this regard, several step modelling stages that were conducted to evaluate the slope stability status revealed that the main instability was situated on the left-hand side (western) slope in the Flare Site. The toppling was related to the rock column-overburden system in relation to the overburden pressure on the rock columns which led to the progressive instability of the slope. This load transfer from the overburden has most probably led to the separation of the rock column and to its rotation downstream of the slope in the form of a complex pit-rest secondary toppling. According to the numerical modelling, it was determined that the Strength Reduction Factor (SRF) decreased substantially from 5.68 to less than 0.320 upon progressive failure. The estimated shear and normal stresses in the block columns ranged from 1.74 MPa to 8.46 MPa, and from 1.47 MPa to 16.8 MPa, respectively. In addition, the normal and shear displacements in the block columns ranged from 0.00609 m to 0.173 m and from 0.0109 m to 0.793 m, respectively.

• 대한정형외과 초음파학회지
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.67-75
• /
• 2014

견관절 수술을 위한 마취와 수술 후 통증 조절을 위해 적용될 수 있는 국소 신경 차단술에는 사각근간 신경 차단술, 상견갑 신경 차단술, 5번 경추 신경근 차단술 및 액와 신경 차단술 등이 있을 수 있다. 국소 신경 차단술은 통증 조절 효과는 뛰어난 것으로 보고되고 있으나 횡격 신경 마비, 기흉, 신경 손상 등의 부작용이 다수 보고되며 그 실패율도 상당하여, 부작용을 최소화하고 성공률을 높이기 위한 노력으로 초음파 유도하 중재술이 사용되고 있다. 저자들은 이와 관련된 해부학적 기초와 초음파를 이용한 국소 신경 차단 술기 등에 대하여 기술하고자 한다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.15-26
• /
• 2019

지진에 대한 중력식 안벽의 안정성은 구조물의 허용변위를 기준으로 평가하며, 외력으로 발생하는 변위를 계산하기 위하여 Newmark 활동블록 이론에 기초한 변위 경험식 혹은 수치해석을 사용한다. 수치해석의 경우 복잡한 지형 및 구조물에 대한 정밀한 분석이 가능하나 적절한 입력변수 및 환경설정의 어려움으로 전문가가 아니면 신뢰성 있는 결과 도출에 한계가 있다. Newmark 법의 변위 경험식은 지진파만을 가지고 영구변위를 추정하기에 수치해석보다 간편하여 널리 사용되고 있다. 하지만 변위 경험식들은 구조물의 특성과 활동면에 대한 파라메터가 없으며, 강체로 가정된 활동면에서 흙의 비선형 거동과 구조물과의 상호작용을 고려하지 않았다. 따라서 중력식 안벽의 지진 안정성 평가를 위해서는 앞서 언급한 한계점을 보완하는 새로운 변위 경험식이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 수치해석을 통해 구조물 뒷채움재의 응답특성을 분석하여 최적의 활동면 산정법을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 유한요소해석을 수행하여 다양한 지진파에 따른 응답특성과 응력-변형률 관계를 분석하였다. 그 결과 뒷채움재의 응답특성과 활동면은 입력 지진파에 따라 달라지는 것으로 나타났다.

• 기술사
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.3-11
• /
• 1986

The analysis of Geotechnical stability problems by the limit equilibrium method involve assuming the shape of the failure and then investigating many surfaces of the shape to identify the one on which failure seems most likely to occur. These arbitrary assumptions most frequently concern to the locations or directions of side force on slice and the overall factor of safety is considered identical to the local factor of safety. In this paper, let the factor of safety of a slope at wedge block stage differently, when an upper part of the potential sliding mass has a simple active stress field and the lower part of the passive stress field and overall factor of safety is obtained by the average of local factor and computer program based on the modified wedge Method is proposed for this thesis. The new algorithm based on tile modified new method is made for estimating the safety factor of Earth Dam. Compared with conventional method for many cases tile average values of the factor of safety determined by the modified new method are very nearly the same. For all of the cases studied the difference was found 0.03. Finally this new method is thought to be very useful in slope stability analysis.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.180-191
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop the accelerated life test method for Constant Electrical Potential Electrolysis gas sensor (CEPE gas sensor). Methods: The parts and modules of CEPE gas sensor were analyzed by using Reliability Block Diagram (RBD). Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and Quality Function Deployment (QFD) methods were performed for each part to determine the most affecting stress factor in its life cycle. The long term testing was conducted at three different dry heat levels and the acceleration factor was developed by using Arrhenius relationship. Conclusion: The acceleration factor for CEPE gas sensor was developed by using FMEA, QFD, and statistical analysis for its failure data. Also qualification tests were designed to meet the target life.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.1860-1871
• /
• 2011

Presently, The Regular Block System(Automatic, Interlocking block system) is usually used during the operation of block section. However, In case that the regular block system fails because of the failure of the fixed signals and block equipment or in case of the unexpected emergent situation which should drive on the single-track due to the accidents in the double-track section or the repair work of the one-track, the Substitute Block System to make use of the driving permission license(mapping ticket, mapping paper) is used. In case of the operation of the opposite line and the temporary one-track, the safety gets worse and the SBS may cause the fatal accidents such as a head-on & a rear-end collision. Also, the unmanned railroad stations has recently increased owing to the effective operation of the stations, for it is difficult to execute the SBS in their absence. As a result, the increase of the operation time made the train delayed. Being on the rise of these problems, in this study, we analyzed the problems and difficulties of the SBS on the single line which is lacking stability and safety and on the sections combined between maned and unmaned railroad stations. And we proposed the method to improve the existing drive permission license used for 50 years into the brand-new one with state-of-the art technology and scientific way. In the era of the 21th century, Carrying out the new SBS equipped with stability and safety, we will contribute to the effective operation of trains and the satisfaction of our customers in the future.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 2011년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.545-555
• /
• 2011

Presently, The Regular Block System(Automatic, Interlocking block system) is usually used during the operation of block section. However, In case that the regular block system fails because of the failure of the fixed signals and block equipment or in case of the unexpected emergency which should drive on the single line due to the accidents in the double line section or the repair work of the single line, the Substitute Block System to use the driving permission license(mapping ticket and paper) is used. In case of the operation of the opposite line and the temporary one line, the safety gets worse and the SBS may cause the fatal accidents such as a head-on & a rear-end collision. Also, the unmanned railroad stations has recently increased owing to the effective operation of the stations, for it is difficult to execute the SBS in their absence. As a result, the increase of the operation time made the train delayed. Being on the rise of these problems, in this study, we analyzed the problems and difficulties of the SBS on one line which is lacking stability and safety and on the sections combined between maned and unmaned railroad stations. And we proposed the suitable method in KORAIL referring to the examples of European & Japan railways lately. According to the passing of the high tech time, If the new SBS equipped with stability and safety is executed, it will contribute to the effective operation of trains and the satisfaction of KORAIL customers in the future.