• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.377-381
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• 1993

Twenty male crossbred ($Sahiwal{\times}HF$) calves of about 6-9 months of age were divided into four groups of five animals each. All the animals were offered wheat straw ad lib. As the basal feed. However, animals in group I were fed concentrate mixture while the animals in groups II, III and IV had free access to urea molasses mineral block (UMMB) lick (I), (II) and (III) respectively as a partial substitute of concentrate mixture. The average concentrate offered (kg/day) to the animals was significantly (p<0.01) higher in group I ($2.69{\pm}0.18$) compared to groups II ($1.76{\pm}0.15$), III ($1.70{\pm}0.06$) and IV ($1.65{\pm}0.12$). The UMMB lick consumed was non-significantly different amongst groups I ($535.40{\pm}38.14$), II ($525.60{\pm}31.82$), III ($551.00{\pm}38.49$) and IV ($548.80{\pm}45.46$). Except ether extract, the digestibility coefficients of CP, ADF and NDF were non-significantly different in different groups. Similarly, N balance (g/day) and percent N retention of intake was not affected in different groups on supplementation of UMMB lick. Body composition of animals was similar in different groups supplemented with either concentrate mixture or concentrate mixture and UMMB licks. It may be concluded from these studies that UMMB lick can partially replace the concentrate mixture in the diet of growing calves without affecting the growth rate, nutrient utilization and body composition. The UMMB lick, thus, can form a part of the ration economically in the diet of growing ruminants especially in developing countries.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.18-24
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• 2011

In multibit Sigma-Delta Modulator, one of the DEM(Dynamic Element Matching) techniques which is DWA(Data Weighted Averaging) is widely used to get rid of non-linearity caused by mismatching of capacitor that is unit element of feedback DAC. In this paper, by adjusting clock timing used in existing DWA architecture, 2n Register block used for output was replaced with 2n S-R latch block. As a result of this, MOS Tr. can be reduced and extra clock can also be removed. Moreover, two n-bit Register block used to delay n-bit data code is decreased to one n-bit Register. After designing the 3rd 3-bit SC(Switched Capacitor) Sigma-Delta Modulator by using the proposed DWA architecture, 0.1% of mismatching into unit element in input frequency 20 kHz and sampling frequency 2.56 MHz. As a consequence of the simulation, It was able to get the same resolution as the existing architecture and was able to reduce the number of MOS Tr. by 222.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.16 no.10 s.101
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• pp.1043-1049
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• 2005

In OFDM system suitable for high capacity high speed broadband transmission, ICI caused by phase noise degrades system performance seriously by destroying the orthogonality among subcarriers. In this paper, a new STFBC method combining ICI self cancellation scheme and antenna, time, frequency diversity is studied to reduce ICI effectively. CPE and ICI are analyzed by the phase noise linear approximation method in the proposed STFBC OFDM system. CIR, PICR and BER are discussed to compare the system performance degraded by phase noise of PLL. As results, STFBC method significantly reduces ICI. Furthermore, the SCI that usually happens in the traditional STBC, SFBC diversity coding method can be easily avoided.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.22-32
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• 2011

In this paper, we first analyze the differences of underwater acoustic (UWA) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems and conventional terrestrial OFDM system, and give a simple introduction of the backgrounds. By considering the real UWA channel environments, the measured channel data is used to generate the UWA channel model and calculate the relative parameters for underwater OFDM systems. Practical least square (LS) based channel estimation with linear interpolation are adopted to obtain the channel state information (CSI) at receiver side. As multi-input multi-output (MIMO) processing techniques, Alamouti code is implemented and evaluated to perform for space time block coding (STBC) and space frequency block coding (SFBC) for UWA OFDM systems with the MIMO configuration of $2{\times}1$, at the same time, $1{\times}2$ maximum ratio combining (MRC) is performed for the purpose of comparison. The simulation results show that, with perfect channel estimation, SFBC failed to work duo to the serious frequency selectivity of UWA channel environments. When the practical channel estimation is applied, in the case of STBC, the proposed 4-column pilot pattern gives better performance about 7dB than SISO system.

• Journal of Convergence Society for SMB
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.21-27
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• 2016

In this paper, we introduce the PB/MC-CDMA (Partial Block/Multi-Carrier-Code Division Multiple Access) system to mitigate inter-cell interference (ICI) and enhance user capacity in the small cell environment. In 5G mobile communications, the number of devices connected to the network is expected to increase exponentially with the expansion of the IoT (Internet of Things) services. In addition, each device is expected to be required by the various data rates by their content types. In LTE/LTE-A, there are some limitations that large scale connectivity and supporting various data rates. Therefore, we introduce a PB/MC-CDMA physical layer system which is suitable for the small cell environment, and evaluate the performance in the multi cell environment which is affected by ICI. Through computer simulation results, we demonstrate the effectiveness of PB/MC-CDMA for the small cell environment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.4634-4643
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• 2014

The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of LED safety block using the government database. To evaluate these effects, the night accident data was obtained from 2007 to 2011 from the database. At the LED-installed area, compared to the uninstalled area, the number of night traffic accidents, injured and mortality had decreased by 26.2%, 21.2% and 38.3%, respectively. The LED-installed intersections are safer than the LED-uninstalled roads from a traffic accidents perspective. In conclusion, a LED safety block is quite effective in decreasing the number of traffic accidents. Although this study was conducted using the data from Changwon city, where LED safety blocks have been installed so far, these results can provide valuable data to other cities considering the implementation of these LED safety blocks.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.101-108
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• 2005

Adaptive constant false alarm rate(CFAR) algorithm is used for good detection probability as well as constant false alarm rate in clutter background. Especially, filtering technique adaptive to spatial variation is necessary for improving detection quality in non stationary clutter environment which has spatial correlation and large magnitude deviation. In this paper, we propose a two-dimensional block interpolation(TBI) adaptive CFAR algorithm that calculates the node estimate in the fred two dimensional region and subsequently determines the final estimate for each resolution cell by two-dimensional interpolation. The proposed method is efficient for filtering abnormal ejection by adopting distribution median in fixed region and also has advantage of reducing required memory space by using estimation method which gets final values after calculating the block node values. Through simulations, we show that the proposed method is superior to the traditional adaptive CFAR algorithms which are transversal or recursive in aspect of the detection performance and required memory space.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.38-45
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• 2018

An integrated cryptographic processor that efficiently integrates ARIA, AES block ciphers and Whirlpool hash function into a single hardware architecture is described. Based on the algorithm characteristics of ARIA, AES, and Whirlpool, we optimized the design so that the hardware resources of the substitution layer and the diffusion layer were shared. The round block was designed to operate in a time-division manner for the round transformation and the round key expansion of the Whirlpool hash, resulting in a lightweight hardware implementation. The hardware operation of the integrated ARIA-AES-Whirlpool crypto-processor was verified by Virtex5 FPGA implementation, and it occupied 68,531 gate equivalents (GEs) with a 0.18um CMOS cell library. When operating at 80 MHz clock frequency, it was estimated that the throughputs of ARIA, AES block ciphers, and Whirlpool hash were 602~787 Mbps, 682~930 Mbps, and 512 Mbps, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.1420-1426
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• 2006

To establish a rapid and effective method for the analysis of soy isoflavone which is known to have lots of variation in derivatives of glucoside, conversion rate from isoflavone conjugates to its aglycones, and decomposition of conversed aglycones were investigated with various acid hydrolysis conditions. A number of heating conditions for acid hydrolysis including heating at convection oven $(105^{\circ}C)$, water bath $(95^{\circ}C)$, heating block $(120^{\circ}C)$, and hot plate $(120^{\circ}C)$ were applied. Acid hydrolysis in heating block with reflux was chosen as the best heating condition. From the stability test of isoflavone aglycone during acid hydrolysis, genistein, daidzein, and glycitein did not show any significant changes in their contents for 60 min of hydrolysis. Ten to thirty milligram of sample per 1 mL HCl was the best ratio of sample to acid. As conclusion, acid hydrolysis for 60 min after addition of 15 mL HCl solution to 0.5 g soybean, and then fill up to 50 mL with methanol, followed by HPLC analysis was set as a final analysis method. From this method, isoflavone contents expressed as total aglycone of feed meal was the highest with content of $1288.5{\mu}g/g$ followed by those of dehulled meal.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.308-309
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• 2011

최근 PDP와 LCD등의 FPD용(用) 전원 시스템에 고효율화, 고밀도화 및 Slim화를 위한 전원 회로 기술이 요구됨에 따라 이를 실현하기 위해서는 전원 회로를 구성하는 각 컨버터의 최적 Topology 확보뿐만 아니라, 전원 회로에 사용되는 부품들에 대한 차별화된 핵심 부품 기술 확보가 필수적이다. 이러한 요구에 부합하기 위해서 FPD용(用) 전원에 적용되는 자성부품구조도 기존의 성능을 유지하면서 박형화, 저비용화 및 자동 권선화를 구현할 수 있는 방안에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 LED-TV용 전원장치의 EMI Filter부의 개발사례 및 특히 EMI Filter부의 대책부품 중에 자동권선형 공통모드 초크의 개발동향 및 사례에 대해서 소개하고자 한다.