• 한국가구학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.237-247
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• 2010

This research was carried out to examine the properties of black charcoal board, in order to find the proper manufacturing condition for the black charcoal-board made of the charcoal. The charcoal in this study was distillated from domestic wood waste, and it were also the purpose of this study to see if the black charcoal-board has the advantageous properties of charcoal as a well-being building material against the sick house problem. Domestic wood waste was consisted of MDF 40%, PB 30%, plywood 15% and wood 15%, respectively. Black charcoal board was produced by hot pressing with following conditions; temperature $170^{\circ}C$, three stage pressing cycle of $40-10-40\;kgf/cm^2$(1min.-2.5min.-5min.) and non formaldehyde adhesives [P15%+M5%:MDI(M), poly vinyl acetate emulsion(P). Fine mixed particle size [#6-12(16.9%), #12-18(16.7%), #12-40(47.2%), #40-60(9.5%), #60-100(5.9%), less than #100(3.8%)] gave better results than larger particle size [over #6(33.8%), #12-18(17.7%), #12-40(37.7%), #40-60(6.4%), #60-100(2.6%), less than #100(1.8%)]. Final moisture content of the mat was best at 36%. Black charcoal-board showed less MOR and IB(internal bond), more WA(water absorption) than that of white charcoal-board. Black charcoal board showed not only the same gas adsorption and dimensional stability as white charcoal board but also good cutting, nailing and drilling for indoor environment systems.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 국내에서 생산 유통되고 있는 시판용 목탄(전통숯, 기계숯)의 기본물성과 흡착특성을 알아보기 위해 탄화물의 공업분석, 세공분석, 메틸렌블루 흡착량, 포름알데히드 제거율, 에틸렌가스 제거율 등을 분석하였다. 고정탄소는 전통숯의 흑탄이 51.8~76.6%, 백탄이 72.9~84.6%, 기계숯이 48.5~80.3%로 백탄이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 정련도는 흑탄의 경우 대부분 9였고, 백탄과 기계숯은 0으로 나타났다. 비표면적은 흑탄이 0.1~13.7 $m^2/g$, 백탄이 53.2~372.6 $m^2/g$, 기계숯이 224.3~464.6 $m^2/g$로 흑탄이 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 메틸렌블루 흡착량은 흑탄이 0.53~1.97 mg/g, 백탄이 2.68~7.68 mg/g, 기계숯이 11.63~26.10 mg/g 범위로 흑탄이 아주 낮은 경향을 나타냈다. 포름알데히드 제거율은 흑탄이 11.4~26.7%, 백탄이 17.9~34.9%, 기계숯이 5.5~25.8% 범위로, 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 에틸렌가스 제거율은 흑탄이 2.2~43.5%, 백탄이 21.7~39.1%, 기계숯이 21.7~39.1% 범위로, 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.13-17
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• 2011

Recently, interest in indoor air quality is increasing. Especially, radon radioactivity among the indoor air is a well-known risk factor for lung cancer because of ionizing radiation in the form of ${\alpha}$-particles. This study was carried out to investigate effect of black charcoal and activated carbon for reduction of radon radiation that emitted from building materials. Black charcoal and activated carbon were used as a barrier which was against the infiltration of radon. The source of radon was gypsum board. Two types of charcoal barrier were powder- and board-type with 5 mm, 10 mm thickness respectively. The method for this determination is evaluated radon concentration in chamber. The measurements were performed with radon detector, SARAD3120. Results of this study are as following: Black charcoal and activated carbon confirmed the highly efficient barrier. Radon concentration was reduced from 72% to 85% as compared the control chamber. Radon reduction capability, however, was no difference as barrier's types. Results obtained in ventilation condition, radon concentration shows 5.93 pCi/L on average in the closed condition and shows 2.69 pCi/L in the opened condition.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.480-489
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• 2010

국내 시판용 전통 목탄의 과학적인 성질 규명과 주요 기능성 분석과 이용 방안에 대한 분석을 실시하였다. 국내에서 구입 가능한 시판용 목탄의 범위 내에서 해부학적 특성, 원소 조성, 무기성분 조성, 발열량, 음이온 및 원적외선 방사량, 조습성 등의 분석을 통하여 기능성 재료로 이용 가능성에 대하여 판단하고자 하였다. 원소조성, 무기물 조성, 음이온 및 원적외선 방사량은 목탄 제조 방법과 제조회사에 따라서 큰 변이를 보였다. 특히 조습성은 흑탄의 경우 백탄이나 기계숯 보다 열등한 성능을 나타내었다. 전통숯을 기능성 재료로 사용하기 위해서는 해부학적 특성, 원소 조성, 무기물 조성, 발열량, 음이온 및 원적외선 방사량, 조습성을 분석하여 선택적 이용이 필요 할 것으로 생각한다. 또한 차후 원하는 기능에 맞는 목탄 제조 방법 기술의 개발이 필요할 것으로 생각한다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.64-68
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• 2007

The oak and pine charcoal were used to develop the inner packaging material for maintaining the freshness of vegetables and fruits, and to investigate the possibility in the application for inner packaging. The effects of the charcoal type, species, particle size, and grammage on the adsorption efficiency of ethylene gas were studied. White charcoal has superior ethylene gas adsorption performance to those of black charcoal. Pine charcoal was superior to oak charcoal in the ethylene gas adsorption. Higher gas adsorption was obtained by the higher grammage sheet. The difference in the adsorption efficiency was not significant between ONP and KOCC.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2007

국내 전통식 탄화로에서 생산된 굴참나무(Quercus variabilis $B_{LUME}$)와 신갈나무(Quercus mongolica $F_{ISCH}$) 흑탄 및 백탄의 해부학적 특성을 주사전자현미경법으로 조사하였다. 흑탄 및 백탄 조재부 도관의 형태는 접선방향으로 수축하여 방사방향으로 긴 타원형을 나타내었으나, 다른 구성세포들의 형태와 구조적인 변형은 보이지 않았다. 만재부 도관은 접선방향으로의 수축은 관찰되지 않았으나, 백탄의 경우 인접세포들의 과도한 수축으로 인해 도관의 형태가 다소 찌그러지는 것이 관찰되었다. 또한 목섬유 부분은 과도한 수축에 의해 세포가 크게 변형된 것을 보여주고 있으며, 조재부도관 내 타일로시스는 백탄과 흑탄에서 모두 관찰되었다. 방사유세포는 세포벽이 상당히 얇아진 모습을 보여주었고, 변형도 심하게 나타났다. 또한 백탄의 경우에는 고온탄화에 의한 세포벽의 수축으로 유세포간 공극이 발생되었다. 단열방사조직과 광방사조직의 경우에는 고온 탄화에 의해 세포벽이 수축하면서 세포내강이 줄어드는 현상이 관찰되었다. 이러한 세포내강이 소실되는 현상은 탄화온도가 높은 백탄에서 자주 관찰되었다. 따라서 흑탄에 비해 백탄의 수율이 낮은 것은 목재성분의 일부 손실뿐만 아니라 탄화온도에 따라 구성세포 치수가 감소하기 때문으로 생각되었다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.267-270
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• 2010

This study was carried out to manufacture black charcoal board from domestic wood waste by using serum protein adhesive which is natural, environment-friendly and human-friendly. For the preparation of the serum protein adhesive, pig blood from slaughterhouse was centrifuged and serum was separated from corpuscles and concentrated to 30% by dry weight basis. The particle size of charcoal from domestic wood waste for this study was #6-60. Hot pressing schedule was $170^{\circ}C$ and 40kgf/$cm^2$ (1 min)-10kgf/$cm^2$ (2.5 min)-40kgf/$cm^2$ (5 min). The black charcoal board made by the addition of 13% serum protein adhesive on dry weight basis gave 41.76kgf/$cm^2$ of bending strength, 8.12kgf/$cm^2$ of internal bonding strength, and excellent gas adsorption and workability.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2008

The charcoal has been used not only as fuel but also as human health care material since it was used. Charcoal's performances were generally investigated in aspects of energy efficiency and caloric values. This study was conducted in order to increase charcoal's application area and to develop functional paper. Five types of charcoal were used on a basis of gas absorption properties from previous study. Handsheets were made by two methods by internal loading and surface spray on interlayer. Strength properties of internal loading and interlayer spray handsheets were decreased as the charcoal loading increased. Ethylene gas absorption property was higher in both of oak's black charcoal and white charcoal than others. In terms of strength, 5-10% charcoal loading was efficient. Above 10% loading, a rate of strength decrease was higher than that of ethylene gas absorption rate. Formaldehyde absorption property was higher at both of oak's black charcoal and mixed charcoal than others. However, to guarantee enough charcoal loading should be higher than 95 $g/m^2$ for sufficient formaldehyde absorption.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.152-162
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• 2013

The physico-chemical characteristics and nanostructure of the aerosol samples from a coal-fired power plant, a charcoal kiln and diesel vehicles were investigated with focusing on black carbon (BC). Aerosols from the coal-fired power plant were mostly comprised of mineral ash spheres which are heterogeneously mixed. The main components of the aerosols from coal-fired power plant were calcium compounds, iron oxide, alumino-silicate without BC. The typical combustion-generated BC which shows the shape of bunch of grapes with 20~50 nm particles which were detected in aerosol particles from diesel vehicles. The nanostructure of each BC particle shows the shape of concentric circles which is comprised of closely-packed graphene layers. Aerosols from charcoal kiln were likely condensed organic carbon generated from the low-temperature combustion process.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.691-699
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• 2015

To evaluate the possibility of charcoal as Green Infrastructure (GI) materials, data such as moisture content, amount of adsorbed water, and amount of evaporation were collected. Some data from previous study were referenced to find out if correlations exist between results in this study and previous study. Only porosity was directly related to moisture content. Two mechanical charcoal had better abilities than traditional charcoal in all three categories. Mechanical black charcoal chips produced by National Forestry Cooperative Federation (NFCFC) adsorbed 333.3% of water in thirty minutes, 297.5% in five minutes, and evaporated around 75% water in four days. This ability is much higher than other five charcoal. Even though results of test showed various degrees and NFCFC was the best as GI materials, data of charcoal were also within acceptable range based on generally accepted characteristics of GI materials.