• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제12권
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• pp.115-118
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• 1969

답토양부식물(畓土壤腐植物)에 대(對)한 일련(一連)의 토양화학적연구(土壞化學的硏究)에서 본실험(本實驗)은 수개(數個) 고위(高位)및 저위답토양(低位畓土壞)에서 부식물(腐植物)을 추출(抽出)하고 hymatomelan 산(酸)과 humin 산(酸)으로 분획(分劃)하여 가시(可視), 자외(紫外) 및 적외부(赤外部)에시 흡광(吸光) spectrum을 측정(測定)하여 비교검토(比較檢討)하였다. 토양비옥도(土壞肥沃度)의 차이(差異)에 따라 부식분획물(腐植分劃物)의 흡광(吸光)은 어느 광파역(光波域)에서도 별(別)다른 상이성(相異性)이 존재(存在)하지 않으며 자외광흡수(紫外光吸收) spectrum이 퇴비(堆肥)와 다른 유형(類型)의 토양(土壞)에서 분리(分離)한 부식산(腐植酸)의 spectrum과는 다르게 hymatomelan 산(酸)이 나 humin 산(酸) 모두 $235\;m{\mu}$에서 최고(最高), $395\;m{\mu}$에서 최저(最低)의 만곡접(灣曲點)을 나타내었다. 적외광흡수(赤外光吸收) spectrum은 양(兩) fraction간(間)에 상이점(相異點)을 보여 파수(波數) $1720\;cm^{-1}$에 특징적(特徵的)인 Peak가 존재하(存在)하며 이보다 장파역(長波域)($7.5{\sim}9.5{\mu}$)에서도 상이(相異)한 양상(樣狀)이었다. 또한 이 spectrum 들을 다른 연구자(硏究者)들에 의(依)한것과 대조(對照)하여 상이성(相異成)을 고찰(考察)하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.773-777
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• 2003

The color of Congo red hinders the spectrometric measurements of a concentration of hydrogen peroxide and enzyme activity (Horseradish peroxidase; HRP) during enzymatic decoloring of Congo red. In this study, a method was developed to measure peroxidase activity and hydrogen peroxide concentration in the presence of Congo red. The oxidation product of HRP/hydrogen peroxide and ABTS(2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzotriazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) formed a dark green color. The spectrum of this product showed absorption bands at 420 nm and 734 nm. When compared with the Congo red spectrum, the absorption at 734 nm of this product did not overlap with Congo red, thus making the hydrogen peroxide measurement possible even in the presence of Congo red. Kinetic study of decoloring of Congo red performed by this method showed that the decoloring reaction followed the Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Pulse feeding of hydrogen peroxide, upon depletion, significantly increased the decoloring of Congo red. This result shows that this newly developed technique can monitor, predict, and improve the enzymatic decoloring process.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제10권
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• pp.45-50
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• 1971

방사선조사시 열처리의 효과를 알기 위하여 수도종자에 방사선조사시 열전후처리를 행하였던바$M_1$ 세대의 생물학적인 반응 및 $M_2$ 세대의 변이율에 대해 몇가지 결과를 얻었다. 1. 방사선선량 20kR에서 열전처리는 방사선단독조사에 비해 생물학적인 장해를 적게하고 변이율을 증가시켰다. 2. 방사선단독조사 및 조사전열처리에 비해 heat shocking으로서 열후처리하는 것은 변이율을 증가시켰다. 3. 열전처리에 의해 $M_1$ 세대의 장해가 적고 변이율이증가되는 가장 효과적인 열처리온도 및 시간은 6$0^{\circ}C$에서 30분간이었다. 4. 열처리는 방사선단독조사에 비해 mutation spectrum을 달리했다.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.204-211
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• 2016

Oil pollution seriously endangers the biological environment and human health. Due to the diversity of oils and the complexity of oil composition, it is of great significance to identify the oil contaminants. The 3-D fluorescence spectrum combined with a second order correction algorithm was adopted to measure an oil mixture with overlapped fluorescence spectra. The self-weighted alternating trilinear decomposition (SWATLD) is a kind of second order correction, which has developed rapidly in recent years. Micellar solutions of #0 diesel, #93 gasoline and ordinary kerosene in different concentrations were made up. The 3-D fluorescence spectra of the mixed oil solutions were measured by a FLS920 fluorescence spectrometer. The SWATLD algorithm was applied to decompose the spectrum data. The predict concentration and recovery rate obtained by the experiment show that the SWATLD algorithm has advantages of insensitivity to component number and high resolution for mixed oils.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.55-62
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• 1984

A digital spectrum analysis technique was used to estimate the tissue characteristic parameters (transmission velocity and attenuation coefficient) in the phantom study and the human liver's ultrasound scanning. The soft tissue equivalent phantom was made with the combination materials of agar, water, powdered graphite, and n-propyl alcohol. In the human study, twenty five normal subjects and three patients with liver diseases were studied using the ultrasonic reflection signals and the spectrum analysis method The following results were obtained; 1. The soft tissue-equivalent materical could be produced with various acoustic parameters by changing the composition amount of the powdered graphite and n-propyl alcohol. 2. Attenuation coefficients of normal human liver tissue were estimated to be 0. 36 dB/cm MHz$\pm$0.11. In patients with liver disese, tile attenuation coefficients were shown to be different from the above normal values.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.101-108
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• 1988

In this paper the power spectrum of background EEG is estimated by the LMS PHD based on least mean square. At the power spectrum estimatiom, the stocastic process of background EEG is assumed to consist of the nonharmonic sinusoid and the white noise. In the LMS PHD the model parameters are obtained by the least mean square at optimal order which is obtained from the fact that the eigenvalue's fluctuation of autocorrelation matrix of the normal back-ground EEG is smaller at some order than at other order when the power spectrum of background EEG is esitmated by PHD. The optimal order of this model is the 6-th order when the eigenvalue's fluctuation of autocorrelation matrix of background EEG is considered. The estimation results are with compared the results from the Maximum Entropy Spectral Estimation and Pisarenko Harmonic Decomposition. From the comparison results. The LMS PHD is possible to estimate the power spectrum of background EEG.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.151-156
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• 1989

본 연구에서는 폐 및 기관지 질환 환자에 대한 객관적인 진단을 위한 폐음분석 시스템을 설계하였다. 적응 필터링 기법에 의하여 순수한 폐음을 분리하였고 이의 power spectrum을 구하기 위하여 TMS320C25 DSP 칩과 IBM PC를 사용해서 폐음 분석기를 구성하였다. 실험결과 적응 격자 위너 필터는 10차의 적은 차수로도 분리가 가능하였고 정상 폐음은 100-200 Hz, 급성 섬유성 폐렴폐음(crackle)은 100-400 Hz, 기관지 협착증(wheeze)폐음은 150-600 Hz에서 주파수범위를 갖는 power spectrum의 양상을 통해 각각 패턴 분류할 수 있었다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.21-40
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• 2019

This paper presents a comprehensive survey of various artificial intelligence (AI) techniques implemented in cognitive radio engine to improve cognition capability in cognitive radio networks (CRNs). AI enables systems to solve problems by emulating human biological processes such as learning, reasoning, decision making, self-adaptation, self-organization, and self-stability. The use of AI techniques is studied in applications related to the major tasks of cognitive radio including spectrum sensing, spectrum sharing, spectrum mobility, and decision making regarding dynamic spectrum access, resource allocation, parameter adaptation, and optimization problem. The aim is to provide a single source as a survey paper to help researchers better understand the various implementations of AI approaches to different cognitive radio designs, as well as to refer interested readers to the recent AI research works done in CRNs.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.122-129
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• 2015

DBM-2198, a six-membered azasugar nucleotide (6-AZN)-containing phosphorothioate (P = S) oligonucleotide (AZPSON), was described in our previous publication [Lee et al. (2005)] with regard to its antiviral activity against a broad spectrum of HIV-1 variants. This report describes the mechanisms underlying the anti-HIV-1 properties of DBM-2198. The LTR-mediated reporter assay indicated that the anti-HIV-1 activity of DBM-2198 is attributed to an extracellular mode of action rather than intracellular sequence-specific antisense activity. Nevertheless, the antiviral properties of DBM-2198 and other AZPSONs were highly restricted to HIV-1. Unlike other P = S oligonucleotides, DBM-2198 caused no host cell activation upon administration to cultures. HIV-1 that was pre-incubated with DBM-2198 did not show any infectivity towards host cells whereas host cells pre-incubated with DBM-2198 remained susceptible to HIV-1 infection, suggesting that DBM-2198 acts on the virus particle rather than cell surface molecules in the inhibition of HIV-1 infection. Competition assays for binding to HIV-1 envelope protein with anti-gp120 and anti-V3 antibodies revealed that DBM-2198 acts on the viral attachment site of HIV-1 gp120, but not on the V3 region. This report provides a better understanding of the antiviral mechanism of DBM-2198 and may contribute to the development of a potential therapeutic drug against a broad spectrum of HIV-1 variants.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 도축장과 도축물에서 plasmid 매개성 광범위 ${\beta}$-lactam (extended spectrum ${\beta}$-lactamase) 분해효소를 생성하는 Klebsiella pneumoniae와Escherichia coli가 분리됨으로서 한국에서는 이들 균주가 임상범위를 넘어 자연계까지 확산되었음을 확인하였다. 디스크 확산 시험, 등전점 수치, 접합시험 등을 통하여 돼지의 분변으로부터 최종 10균주의 접합자를 얻었고 이들의 형별결정은 아미노산서열분석과 기준주와 대조등을 BCM Search Laucncher 및 NCBI blast를 통해 이루어졌다. 광범위 ${\beta}$-lactam 유형은 Klebsiella pneumoniae 8균주가 TEM-52형이었고 2균주 Escherichia coli가 SHV-12형이었다. CMY-1형은 본 연구에서 분리되지 않았다.