• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2019.04a
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• pp.105-105
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• 2019

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.682-692
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• 2013

We investigated out the effect of cultivation region on the physicochemical characteristics of starch in six sweetpotato cultivars. The following sweetpotato cultivars were analyzed: Daeyumi, Shingeonmi, Jinhongmi, Shinyulmi, Yulmi, and Yeonhwangmi. Samples were cultivated in Muan, Iksan, Nonsan, Boryeong and Hamyang. The soil texture was found to be sandy loam in Muan, Iksan, and Boryeong, sandy clay loam in Nonsan, and loam in Hamyang. The starch content of the sweetpotato was higher in Muan than in Hamyang. The amylose content was 22.3-30.9%, and the highest amylose content was found in samples from Iksan. Rapid viscosity analysis showed that the samples from Hamyang had the lowest values of pasting temperature, while samples of the Daeyumi cultivar had the highest values. Thermal analysis with a differential scanning calorimeter showed that the Muan samples had the highest values of onset temperature, maximum peak temperature, and completion temperature, and the samples from Hamyang had the lowest values. There was no difference between the cultivation regions or the cultivar in the X-ray pattern of the starch or its appearance in scanning electron micrographs. Therefore, the results of this study confirm that cultivation region and cultivar play an important role in determining the quality of sweetpotato and the physicochemical characteristics of sweetpotato starch.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.627-633
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• 2016

Sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L)] is one of the major crops for biofuels such as sugarcane and sugar beet which raw materials rich in saccharide. Sweet sorghum juice was extracted from the stem. It's composed of fermentable sugars such as glucose, fructose and sucrose. Ethanol from the extracted sweet sorghum juice can be easily produced by yeast fermentation process. Sweet sorghum juice is consisted of not only sugars but also various nutrients like nitrogen and phosphate. For commercial production of bioethanol, seed culture is one of the important parts of fermentation, so that optimal culture medium should be selected for the reduction of processing costs. In this study, sweet sorghum juice was estimated as a culture medium for seed culture of cellulosic bioethanol. For the comparison of cultures with various substrates, it used YPD including each 5 g/L yeast extract and peptone, sweet sorghum juice and hydrolyzed Miscanthus was taken part in the culture with 2%, 5% and 10% sugar conditions. Based on media of YPD and sweet sorghum juice, cell-mass concentration was obtained maximum more than $2.5{\times}10^8CFU/mL$ after 24 h of cultivation. Consequently sweet sorghum juice is suitable for the cell culture with more than $1.0{\times}10^8CFU/mL$ after 12 h of cultivation. This can be used as a culture medium for the cellulosic bioethanol industry.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.142-147
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• 2009

The effects of short-term waterlogging on physiological responses, fatty acid compositions and yield components of rapeseed at both the vegetative growth and the reproductive growth stages were assessed in this study. Waterlogged plants were treated for a period of 10 days at the vegetative growth stage and 4 days at the reproductive growth stage. The results show that photosynthesis and stomatal conductance at both the vegetative growth and the reproductive growth stage were significantly reduced during the waterlogging period and after the recovery period. When the plants were removed from water, photosynthesis and stomatal conductance progressively restored similar values to those of control plants within $2{\sim}3$ days. Fatty acid compositions were unaffected by waterlogging treatment. However, yield components (pod number and pod length) of the waterlogged treated plants at the reproductive growth stage were significantly reduced. These results suggest that short-term waterlogging may thus influence oilseed yield component.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.509-518
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate single crossing condition of M. sacchariflrous and M. sinensis for breeding of M. ${\times}$ giganteus cultivar. Compared with natural day length condition, cultivation in short day length condition shorten days to heading to 18~27 days in both species. Pollen germination ratio of were 75.8% at 6 o'clock in M. sacchariflorus and 51.9% at 7 o'clock in M. sinensis but decreased to below 10% at 8 o'clock in both species. When cut ears immerged in 150 mL of cut-flowers conservation solution and isolated with covering of white non-woven fabric, flowering and pollen dispersal were persisted for 7 days, and the ratio of pollen germination were above 40% for 4 days. The ratio of self-fertilization of both species were below 2.5%, but open pollenation ratio were above 50%. We obtained 437 seeds with experimental single cross of 14 combinations between tetraploid M. sacchariflorus and diploid M. siensis by application of developed single crossing methods. In the single cross, numbers of seed set were different by mother plants. Thus, the newly investigated single crossing condition will be used to breed M. ${\times}$ giganteous cultivar which is sterile and has superior characteristics of biomass yield.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.674-678
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• 2010

A new sweetpotato variety, 'Daeyumi', was developed by Bioenergy Crop Research Center, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA in 2008. This variety was obtained from the cross between 'Jinhongmi' and 'Xusju 18' in 2000. The seedling and line selections were performed from 2001 to 2003, preliminary and advanced yield trials were carried out from 2004 to 2005, and the regional yield trials were conducted at six locations from 2006 to 2008. 'Daeyumi' has cordate leaf, green vine and petiole, elliptic storage root, red skin and yellow flesh color of storage root. This variety is also resistant to Fusarium wilt and nematode. The starch value was 25.9%, ethanol yield was 418 L/Ton, which was 7% higher than that of 'Yulmi' variety, and the total sugar content was 2.47 g/100g, dry weight. 'Daeyumi's initial temperature of starch gelatinization was lower, 76.2$^{\circ}C$, and the retrogradation process was earlier than 'Yulmi'. The average yield of storage root was 27.8 ton/ha in the regional yield trials, which was 36% higher than that of 'Yulmi' variety. Number of storage roots over 50 gram per plant was 3.0, and the average weight of one storage root was 152 gram. This variety can be used for the production of bioethanol and starch processing.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.679-683
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• 2010

'Yeonjami' is a new sweetpotato variety developed for table use by Bioenergy Crop Research Center, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA in 2008. This variety was selected from the cross between 'Ayamurasakki' and 'Poly Cross' in 2000, and seedling and line selections were practiced from 2001 to 2003. Preliminary and advanced yield trials were carried out from 2004 to 2005. The regional yield trials were conducted at six locations from 2006 to 2008. 'Yeonjami' has cordate leaf, green vine and petiole, long elliptic storage root, purple skin and light purple flesh color of storage root. The average yield of storage root was 25.9 ton/ha in the regional yield trials, which was 15% higher than that of 'Sinjami' variety. Number of storage roots over 50 gram per plant was 2.9, and the average weight of one storage root was 153 gram. This variety was partly-resistant to Fusarium wilt and nematode. In addition, steamed 'Yeonjami' has higher polyphenol contents as 139.6 mg/100 g and higher biological activities as, which may improve the bioactivity in human.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.65 no.1
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• pp.72-78
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• 2020

In this study, miscanthus with C/N ratio of 224 were applied to the soil and treated with 0 (control), 10 tons and 20 tons·ha^-1 to improve the soil and promote crop growth. As a result, soil organic matter content increased from 11.0 g·kg^-1 before the test to 16.3 after 3 years. Soil cation exchangeable capacity increased to 15.3 cmol_c·kg^-1 after 3 years. In the sweet sorghum, stem was the most thickest at 20 tons·ha^-1 application of miscanthus and the highest juice amount per plant was 60 ml. The yield index multiplied by the soluble solids content of juice and juice amount was the highest at 1,913 for 10 tons application and 1,851, 1,839 for 20 tons, control respectively. Number of sweetpotato storage root were 2,9 in 20-tons application plot, the same as control, and 10-tons application plot was 3.6, the most. Two-year average yields of 20 tons plot and control were low at 2,579 kg/10a and 2,708 respectively, and 10 tons plot was the highest at 3,289. For onions, the biomass application did not effect the yield. but onion plant and leaf length were longer in 20 tons plot than in control or 10 tons. The yield of garlic was 2,630~2,901 kg/10a and there was no effect of miscanthus application. Plot of 10 tons application were the longest in plant and leaf length, and the number of scale was 8.2-8.3 per in bulb, and 8.9 tons·ha^-1 in control. Therefore, it was confirmed the possibility that miscanthus biomass application of about 10 tons·ha^-1 could improve the soil condition and promote crops growth and yield.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.124-130
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• 2016

In this study, agronomic characteristics and fatty acid composition of 121 flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) germplasms were analyzed. The flax germplasms had a fairly short growth period of 75-95 days. The plant height at maturity varied from 52 to 124 cm. The flower color varied from white to lilac and even purple. Early flowering flax germplasms had white flowers and were resistant to lodging. In early flowering flax germplasms, all agronomic characteristics, including growth period, plant height, branch number per plant, stem diameter, number of capsules per raceme, seed number per capsule, 1000-seed weight, and seed yield, were decreased. The average fatty acid composition of 121 flax germplasms comprised palmitic acid (5.3%), stearic acid (4.3%), oleic acid (29.7%), linoleic acid (13.1%) and linolenic acid (46.4%). The total content of unsaturated fatty acids ranged from 84~94% with an average of 88%. Among the fatty acids, linolenic acid (omega-3) content was the highest with a range of 36~54%. In five selected flax germplasms (Hollandia 1803, Red son, C & F Res Br 1767, Wiera, and Ireland 1657) with high linolenic acid (${\geq}51%$), total lipid and protein contents were 30~36% and 5.4~6.9%, respectively. Overall, flax can practically be adoptable into cropping systems in South Korea and utilized as a scenery crop, since flax has a short cultivation period with diverse flower colors.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.66 no.1
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• pp.37-71
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• 2021

Rapeseed is a typical winter crop, and its freezing stress tolerance is a major feature for winter survival. Therefore, it is important to comprehend clearly the physical and molecular mechanisms of rapeseed under freezing stress conditions. This study investigates the physical and transcriptome changes of two rapeseed lines, 'J8634-B-30' and 'EMS26', under cold acclimation and freezing temperature treatments. The proline content of 'J8634-B-30' at 5 ℃ increased 8.7-fold compared to that before treatment, and there was no significant change in that of 'EMS26' RNA-sequencing analysis revealed 5,083 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of 'J8634-B-30' under cold acclimation condition. Among the genes, 2,784 (54.8%) were up-regulated and 2,299 (45.2%) were down-regulated. The DEGs of 'EMS26' under cold acclimation condition were 5,831 genes, and contained 2,199 up-regulated genes (37.7%) and 3,632 down-regulated genes (62.3%). Among them, only DEGs annotated in the cold response-related signaling pathways were selected, and their expression in the two rapeseed lines was compared. Comparative DEGs analysis indicated that cold response related signaling pathways are proline metabolism and ABA (Abscisic acid) signaling. And ICE (Inducer of CBF expression) - CBF (C-repeat-binding factor) - COR (Cold-regulated) signaling were the significantly differentially expressed transcripts in the two rapeseed lines. The major induced transcripts of 'J8634-B-30' induced P5CS (Δ'-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase), which is related to proline biosynthesis, PYL (pyrabactin resistance-like protein, ABA receptor) and COR413 (cold-regulated 413 plasma membrane 1). In conclusion, these result provide a foundation for understanding the mechanisms of freezing stress tolerance in rapeseeds. Further functional studies should be performed on the freezing stress-related genes identified in this study, which can contribute to the transgenic and molecular breeding for freezing stress tolerance in rapeseed.