• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.342-347
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• 2002

After the industrial revolution in 20 century, the world are preparing for new revolution that is society with knowledge for a basis such as IT(Information Technology), NT(Nano Technology) and BT(Bio Technology). Recently, NT is applied to various fields that are composed of science, industry, media and semiconductor-micro technology. It has need of IT that is ultra-precision positioning technology with strokes of many hundreds mm and maintenance of nm precision in fields of ultra micro process, ultra precision measurement, photo communication part and photo magnetic memory. Performance test of servo control system that is used ultra-precision positioning system with single plane X-Y stage is performed by simulation with Matlab. Analyzed for previous control algorithm and adapted for modern control theory, dual servo algorithm is developed by minimum order observer, and stability and priority on controller are secured. Through the simulation and experiments on ultra precision positioning, stability and priority on ultra-precision positioning system with single plane X-Y stage and control algorithm are secured by using Matlab with Simulink and ControlDesk made in dSPACE

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.391-397
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• 2014

Acid mine drainage occurrence is a serious environmental problem by mining industry; it usually contain high levels of metal ions, such as iron, copper, zinc, aluminum, and manganese, as well as metalloids of which arsenic is generally of greatest concern. It causes mine impacted soil pollution with mining and smelting activities, fossil fuel combustion, and waste disposal. In the present study, three bacterial strains capable of producing urease were isolated by selective enrichment of heavy metal contaminated soils from a minei-mpacted area. All isolated bacterial strains were identified Sporosarcina pasteurii with more than 98% of similarity, therefore they were named Sporosarcina sp. KM-01, KM-07, and KM-12. The heavy metals detected from the collected mine soils containing bacterial isolates as Mn ($170.50mg\;kg^{-1}$), As ($114.05mg\;kg^{-1}$), Zn ($92.07mg\;kg^{-1}$), Cu ($62.44mg\;kg^{-1}$), and Pb ($40.29mg\;kg^{-1}$). The KM-01, KM-07, and KM-12 strains were shown to be able to precipitate calcium carbonate using urea as a energy source that was amended with calcium chloride. SEM-EDS analyses showed that calcium carbonate was successfully produced and increased with time. To confirm the calcium carbonate precipitation ability, urease activity and precipitate weight were also measured and compared. These results demonstrate that all isolated bacterial strains could potentially be used in the bioremediation of acidic soil contaminated by heavy metals by mining activity.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.26-31
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• 2018

Background: Angelica gigas, A. sinensis, and A. acutiloba are commercially important in the herbal medicine market, and among them, A. gigas has the highest economic value and price. However, their similar morphological traits are often used for fraud. Despite their importance in herbal medicine, recognition of the differences between Angelica species is currently inadequate. Methods and Results: A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was developed for direct detection and identification of A. gigas, A. sinensis, and A. acutiloba. The gene for the distinction of species was targeted at ITS in the nucleus and trnC-petN gene in chloroplasts. The optimized multiplex PCR in the present study utilized each Angelica species-specific primer pairs. Each primer pair yielded products of 229 base pairs (bp) for A. gigas, 53 bp for A. sinensis, 170 bp for A. acutiloba. Additionally non-specific PCR products were not detected in similar species by species-specific primers. Conclusions: In the present study, a multiplex-PCR assay, successfully assessed the authenticity of Angelica species (A. gigas, A. sinensis, and A. acutiloba). and whole genome amplification (WGA) was performed after DNA extraction to identify, the species in the product. The detection method of raw materials developed in the present study could be applied to herbal medicine and health functional food management.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.1248-1248
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• 2001

Mastitis is a major problem for the global dairy industry and causes substantial economic losses from decreasing milk production and considerable compositional changes in milk, reducing milk quality. The potential of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy in the region from 1100 to 2500nm and chemometric method for classification to detect milk from mastitic cows was investigated. A total of 189 milk samples from 7 Holstein cows were collected for 27 days, consecutively, and analyzed for somatic cells (SCC). Three of the cows were healthy, and the rest had mastitis periods during the experiment. NIR transflectance milk spectra were obtained by the InfraAlyzer 500 spectrophotometer in the spectral range from 1100 to 2500nm. All samples were divided into calibration set and test set. Class variable was assigned for each sample as follow: healthy (class 1) and mastitic (class 2), based on milk SCC content. The classification of the samples was performed using soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) and different spectral data pretreatment. Two concentration of SCC - 200 000 cells/ml and 300 000 cells/ml, respectively, were used as thresholds fer separation of healthy and mastitis cows. The best detection accuracy was found for models, obtained using 200 000 cells/ml as threshold and smoothed absorbance data - 98.41% from samples in the calibration set and 87.30% from the samples in the independent test set were correctly classified. SIMCA results for classes, based on 300 000 cells/ml threshold, showed a little lower accuracy of classification. The analysis of changes in the loading of first PC factor for group of healthy milk and group of mastitic milk showed, that separation between classes was indirect and based on influence of mastitis on the milk components. The accuracy of mastitis detection by SIMCA method, based on NIR spectra of milk would allow health screening of cows and differentiation between healthy and mastitic milk samples. Having SIMCA models, mastitis detection would be possible by using only DIR spectra of milk, without any other analyses.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.317-323
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• 2007

Almost all the people, particularly the rural people are directly dependent on the continued productivity of natural resources, like water, soils, forests and fisheries. But the overuse by the extremely high population pressures has degraded the natural resources into severe widespread deforestation. The degradation of natural resources, particularly the plant resources has been a great concern for socio-economic and sustainable development of the country. The Forests in Bangladesh have been depleted and degraded in volume, area, and quantity, thus requiring urgent forest protection by identifying the causes of forest loss. There are so many causes of deforestation and loss of genetic resources such as; the timber industry, which, legal or not, are cutting too many trees; indigenous forest dwellers, having their own types of problems; migrants, who, because of problems in their places of origin, have decided to move to the forests and the government through its Forest Department which is not able or willing to implement suitable policies to regulate the cutting trees and to prevent illegal cutting. Because it is a time consuming task to mitigate the first and second sets of factors, we recommend involving forest dwellers in forestry practices as much as possible and taking necessary steps to alleviate the third and fourth sets and thereby reduce the rate of forest depletion. Accordingly, a number of strategies that should be adopted to halt the loss of remaining forest cover are discussed.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.507-512
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• 2010

The effects of pretreatment by freezing on juice expression and drying characteristics of Prunus mume fruit were investigated. Fresh fruit slices were frozen at $-20^{\circ}C$, thawed, and then either pressed (to yield juice) or dried. Fresh fruit slices were used as controls. Both juice yield and drying rate were higher when pre-frozen fruit was tested, compared to fresh fruit. The L and b color values were lower in the juice and dried powder of pre-frozen compared to fresh fruit. The a color value was higher in juice and powder prepared from pre-frozen fruit compared to fresh fruit. There was no significant difference in free sugar or organic acid content between juices and powders from pre-frozen and fresh fruit. None of soluble solid content, titratable acidity, or juice pH was affected by freezing pretreatment. The results suggest that such pretreatment may be useful to increase juice yield and drying rate. However, browning of juice and powder may be elevated.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.31 no.6 s.119
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• pp.514-523
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• 2006

Production of green pepper has been increased due to customer's preference and a projected ten-year boom in the industry in Korea. This study was carried out to develop an automatic grading and sorting system for green pepper using machine vision. The system consisted of a feeding mechanism, segregation section, an image inspection chamber, image processing section, system control section, grading section, and discharging section. Green peppers were separated and transported using a bowl feeder with a vibrator and a belt conveyor, respectively. Images were taken using color CCD cameras and a color frame grabber. An on-line grading algorithm was developed using Visual C/C++. The green peppers could be graded into four classes by activating air nozzles located at the discharging section. Length and curvature of each green pepper were measured while removing a stem of it. The first derivative of thickness profile was used to remove a stem area of segmented image of the pepper. While pepper is moving at 0.45 m/s, the accuracy of grading sorting for large, medium and small pepper are 86.0%, 81.3% and 90.6% respectively. Sorting performance was 121 kg/hour, and about five times better than manual sorting. The developed system was also economically feasible to grade and sort green peppers showing the cost about 40% lower than that of manual operations.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.72-85
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• 2008

With the new millennium setting in, our society is plowing its way through more drastically changing currents than ever. Nowadays, many people believe that high tech such as the Internet, digital civilization, the IT revolution, bio-industry, and the genome project, that has brought humans material prosperity, is the right change in direction. However, the more we adopt high tech into our lives, the more we desire high touch in order to achieve a balance. In other words, we need something to act as a ballast to stabilize our minds. As such, the more high tech develops, the more individuals miss and search for tools that appeal to their emotions. Because of this, although high touch is an opposite concept to high tech, it coexists with high tech, and it is defined as "human contact of high sensitivity that stimulates the emotion of humans". High Touch, a term which originated from "High Tech, High Touch", a book written by American futurist John Naisbitt, refers to human contact that makes human life richer, forminga deep impression on individuals and providing comfort. As such, high touch, which is gaining significant attention in modern society, is a phenomenon occurring throughout politics, society, culture, art, and religion, together with high tech. Through high touch, modern people must realize how to understand and accept a modern society that is dominated by the age of technology and in which direction they should head. Under this background, this study has the following objectives: to interpret the concept of high touch in the age of high tech in association with formative art and fashion, and through various media examine the desire for expression that may stimulate emotion in modern people, which is required by the high tech-prevalent modern society. It further analyzes how high touch is reflected in modern fashion and presents the direction future fashion should head in.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.653-660
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• 2017

Recently, consumers' evaluation and purchase of online design has been increasing due to the popularization of designing through personal computers, but there has not been enough studies on consumers' brain wave responses depending on the change of PC monitor's color. Therefore, this study investigated how brain waves changed when different background colors with gray patterns were presented through PC monitors. Six background colors with same tone of slightly low saturation were selected, including ivory, yellow, pink, green, blue and pure white as a base color. The brightness and characteristics of color used were analyzed using the luminance meter and color scales. Brain wave was measured by EEG measurement equipment. Brain wave measurement was carried out with 9 subjects at 6 points: F3, F4, T3, T4, O1, and O2. Stimuli were shown for 15 seconds each and black screens were displayed for 15 seconds between each stimulus. As results, the brain waves at O1 responded sensitively by different background colors, followed by F4 and T4. Brain index such as 'RT', 'RA', 'RG', 'RSA', and 'RAHB' showed significant differences depending on the background color at O1, whereas 'RST' differed at F4. Yellow and blue backgrounds pair was the only stimuli that showed significant differences in six brain indices mentioned. Yellow background had higher value of 'RG' at O1 and higher 'RST' at F4, indicating yellow background enhanced concentration. Blue background activated 'RT', 'RA', 'RSA', 'RAHB' at O1, meaning blue background induced calm and stable state.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.391-397
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• 2013

This study was conducted to define the characteristics of the fan according to the bed depth of rough rice for the silo used in South Korea. In this study, the characteristics like air flow resistance and air flow rate of the fan were investigated for an independent blowing system with 1 fan and the serial blowing system with 2 fans. In the experiment, the depth of rough rice was determined by 0, 1, 2, 3.2 and 4.5 m for an independent blowing system and the depth of rough rice was 4.5 m for the serial blowing system. The air flow resistances of the blowing fan and the suction fan in an independent blowing system were 55 mmAq and 88 mmAq respectively. In addition, the air flow resistance of the serial blowing system was 61% lower than the blowing fan and 28% lower than the suction fan of the independent blowing system. The air flow rates of the blowing fan and the suction fan in the serial blowing system were 516 $m^3/min$, 570 $m^3/min$, respectively. The former was 22% higher than the blowing fan while the latter was 29% higher than the suction fan in the independence blowing system. In other words, the serial blowing system was superior to the independent blowing system in blowing characteristics because the air flow rate was lower and air flow resistance was higher than the independent blowing system. However, the fan power consumption of the serial blowing system was more than 100% comparing with the independent blowing system.