• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.346-357
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• 2016

Purpose: This study attempted to investigate the prevalence and related factors of Clonorchiasis among five major riverside residents in South Korea. Methods: This study is descriptive research, nationwide survey, and the subjects are 23,492 residents selected by convenience sampling. Data collection was conducted between March 1 and June 30, 2011, and stool collection and questionnaire survey were conducted by affiliated public health centers in 38 cities and Gun's. Results: The prevalence rates of Clonorchiasis in the five major riversides were as follows: the Guem River 15.2%; the Nakdong River 11.9%; the Seomjin River 10.9%; the Han River 5.7%; and the Yeongsan River 3.9%. The prevalence rates were shown to be significantly high among people who had highly frequent experiences of eating and cooking freshwater raw fish, were diagnosed with liver and/or biliary tract diseases, and drank less than once a month. Conclusion: These results suggest that it is necessary to improve awareness of Clonorchiasis and provide intensive public health education for the riverside residents. And the target groups should be set up by reflecting the characteristics of at-risk groups, and it is necessary to prepare customized strategies for prevention and management of Clonorchiasis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.1869-1874
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• 2016

Background: Errors in surgical pathology diagnosis can have serious consequences for the patient. Since the final product of a surgical pathology lab is the report, errors can be picked by reviewing reports of cases. Aim: To determine the frequency and types of error in surgical pathology reports of cases signed out in 2014 in a laboratory in Karachi, Pakistan. Materials and Methods: All surgical pathology reports in which changes were made in the original report after sign out and an amended report was issued were included. Errors included: (1) misinterpretations; (2) missing critical information; (3) erroneous critical information; (4) misidentification; and (5) typographic errors. Results: Errors were identified in 210 cases (0.37%). These comprised 199 formalin fixed specimens and 11 frozen sections. The latter represented 3.8% of a total of 2,170 frozen sections. Of the 11 frozen section errors, 10 were misinterpretations. Of the 199 permanent specimens, 99 (49.7%) were misinterpretations, 65 (32.7%) belonged to missing critical information category, 8 (4%) belonged to erroneous critical information category, 8(4%) were misidentifications, 16(8%) were typographic errors while 3 cases (1.5%) were other errors. Most misinterpretations occurred in the gastro intestinal, liver and pancreato biliary tract (23.2%) and breast (13.1%). Another 87 cases were reviewed on the clinicians' request. However diagnosis after review remained the same as the original diagnosis. In 49 out of these (56.3%), additional workup was performed at the time of the review. Conclusions: Our findings were similar to other published studies. We need to develop documented procedures for timely review of cases to detect errors.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.363-369
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• 2008

The aim of this study was to establish an experiment animal model for easy diagnosis and monitoring effect of treatment of cholelithiasis by cholesterol and mixed gall stone. In 12 adult beagle dogs, five dogs there were in the control group and seven dogs in the experiment group with ligated cystic duct. General clinical signs were recorded, CBC and blood chemistry were examined. Control group and experiment group were evaluated every 2 weeks for a period of 20 weeks. The results were (1) Total blirubin, cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity were significantly higher in the experiment group with ligated cystic duct than control group during 2-8 weeks. (2) Total alkaline phosphatase (TALP) activity was significantly higher when compare with control group during 2-8 weeks. Bone alkaline phosphatase(BALP) activity was increased slightly between 2 and 8 weeks but was decreased between 10 and 20 weeks. (3) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was decreased between 2 and 8 weeks. After 10 weeks, this was in normal range. (4) On complate blood count (CBC), $Ca^{2+}$ and P were not changed until 20 weeks. (5) On clinical signs in experimental group, they observed a depression, yellow color of mucus membrane and conjunctiva, xanthinuria and xanthochromic. The present study showed that the experimental animal model with ligated cystic duct was a useful model to study biliary tract disease.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.203-208
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• 2005

Scoparone is a major component of the shoot of Artemisia capillaris (Compositae), which has been used for the treatment of hepatitis and biliary tract infection in oriental countries. In the present study we observed that, scorparone exhibited no cytotoxic effect in unstimulated macrophages, but reduced the release of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin $E_2\;(PGE_2)$ upon stimulation by IFN-${\gamma}$/LPS or LPS. The inhibitory effects were found to be in conjuction with the suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in IFN-${\gamma}$/LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, scoparone also attenuated the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$, interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$ and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. These results suggest that scoparone decreases the production of the inflammatory mediators such as NO and $PGE_2$ in macrophages by inhibiting iNOS and COX-2 expression.

• 디지털정책학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.31-35
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• 2023

본 연구는 암세포 증식에 미치는 효과를 살펴보기 위하여 Broccoli Extract를 사용하였다. 실험에 사용한 세포주는 3종으로 호흡기계에 대표적인 폐암세포 A549와 소화기계의 간암세포 SNU-182, 담도암세포 SNU-1196 로 인체 유래 암세포 주를 사용하였으며, 암세포의 증식 억제는 세포의 증식정도를 측정하는 CCK-8 방법을 이용하여 측정하였다. Broccoli Extract 1000ug/mL, 100ug/mL, 10ug/mL 에 대한 암세포 증식 억제를 살펴본 결과 Broccoli Extract은 대부분의 암세포에서 농도 의존적으로 증식을 억제하였으며, 특히 폐암세포 A549, 간암세포 SNU-182는 Broccoli Extract 1000ug/mL에서 유의한 증식 억제를 보였다. 이러한 결과 브로콜리 추출물은 세포실험을 통해서 증명된 종양억제기전들이 암 예방 및 치료제로서 잠재력을 제공한다고 볼 수 있다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.65-77
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• 2023

Background: This study aimed to compare clinical outcomes between surveillance and adjuvant therapy (AT) groups after R0 resection for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Methods: A total of 154 patients who underwent R0 resection for CCA at the Daegu Catholic University Medical Center between January 2010 and December 2019 were included. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed. Results: The median follow-up duration was 899 days. There were 109 patients in the AT group and 45 patients in the surveillance group. The patients in the AT group were younger (67 years vs. 74 years, p<0.001) and included more males (64.2% vs. 46.7%, p=0.044). The proportion of patients with stage III CCA was larger in the AT group than in the surveillance group (13.8% vs. 2.2%, p=0.005). In addition, AT did not improve OS (5-year OS rate, 69.3% in the AT group vs. 64.2% in the surveillance group, p=0.806) or PFS (5-year PFS rate, 42.6% in the AT group vs. 48.9% in the surveillance group, p=0.113). In multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model, stage III CCA (hazard ratio [HR], 10.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.92-40.00; p<0.001) was a significant predictor of OS. American Society of Anesthesiologists classification II (HR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.31-0.81; p=0.005), and American Joint Committee on Cancer stages II (HR, 3.14; 95% CI, 1.25-7.89; p=0.015) and III (HR, 8.08; 95% CI, 2.80-23.32; p<0.001) were independent predictors of PFS. Conclusion: AT after R0 resection for CCA did not improve OS or PFS.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.499-509
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• 2023

Background/Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) or endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)-related adverse events (AEs) that eventually lead to medical disputes or claims on medical professional liability. Methods: Medical disputes for ERCP/EUS-related AEs filed in the Korea Medical Dispute Mediation and Arbitration Agency between April 2012 and August 2020 were evaluated using corresponding medical records. AEs were categorized into three sections: procedure-related, sedation-related, and safety-related AEs. Results: Among a total of 34 cases, procedure-related AEs were 26 (76.5%; 12 duodenal perforations, 7 post-ERCP pancreatitis, 5 bleedings, 2 perforations combined with post-ERCP pancreatitis); sedation-related AEs were 5 (14.7%; 4 cardiac arrests, 1 desaturation), and safety-related AEs were 3 (8.8%; 1 follow-up loss for stent removal, 1 asphyxia, 1 fall). Regarding clinical outcomes, 20 (58.8%) were fatal and eventually succumbed to AEs. For the types of medical institutions, 21 cases (61.8%) occurred at tertiary or academic hospitals, and 13 (38.2%) occurred at community hospitals. Conclusions: The ERCP/EUS-related AEs filed in Korea Medical Dispute Mediation and Arbitration Agency showed distinct features: duodenal perforation was the most frequent AE, and clinical outcomes were fatal, resulting in at least more than permanent physical impairment.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.402-417
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• 2003

목적: 종양의 진단과 치료에 널리 이용되고 있는 단클론항체를 수용체에 결합하는 수송체로 이용할 수 있는지에 대한 가능성 여부를 평가하기 위하여, 간의 asialoglycoprotein 수용체에 결합할 수 있는 갈락토즈접합 단클론항체를 $^{111}In$로 표지하여 체내에서의 분포와 간을 중심으로 한 체내대사를 분석하였고, 그 결과를 갈락토즈를 접합하지 않은 $^{111}In$ 표지 항체와 비교하였다. 재료 및 방법: 인체 림프 구성백혈병 세포에 대한 T101 단일클론항체를 cyclic DTPA dianhydrate(DTPA) 나 2-p-isothiocy-anatobenzyl-6-methyl-DTPA(IB4M) 로 접합하고 갈락토즈를 붙인후 $^{111}In$으로 표지하였다. 생쥐와 흰쥐에서 갈락토즈를 접합한 화합물과 접합하지 않은 화합물의 체내분포와 간대사를 비교분석하였다. 결과: $^{111}In$ 표지 T101항체와 갈락토즈 접합체는 투여량의 대부분이 10분 이내에 간에 섭취되었다. DTPA 접합자를 사용한 경우 IB4M 접합자를 사용한 경우보다 간에 오랫동안 저류되어 주사 후 44시간 간 섭취율이 각각 55%와 20% 였다. 이 기간동안의 DTPA화합물의 방사성 대사산물은 24%가 소변으로 17%가 대변으로 배설되어 유사하였으나 IB4M 화합물은 68%가 대변으로 8%가 소변으로 배설되어 배설경로에 차이가 있었다. 1B4M화합물을 주사후 3시간의 담즙과 간 현탁액을 HPLC로 분석한 결과 IgG와 저류시간(Rt)이 같은 첫 절정에 35%,유리 $^{111}In$과 유사한 절정의 Rt에 65%가 관찰되어 대사산물이 빠르게 답즙으로 배출됨을 알 수 있었고, DTPA 화합물 주사후 3시간 대사산물은 90%가 $^{111}In-DTPA$와 유사한 Rt의 절정을 보였다. 그러나 대변의 $^{111}In$ 의 축적량은 낮아 DTPA 접합화합물은 담도를 통한 빠른 배설이 일어나지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 결론: 단일클론항체에 갈락토즈를 접합한 경우보통의 항체에 비하여 간 섭취가 많고, 간에서의 대사가 촉진된다. 이 경우 사용되는 접합자의 선택에 따라서 대사산물의 성분이 달라지고 간에서의 제거도 차이가 있다. 이러한 대사의 차이점은 향후 종양세포나 조직의 탐색에 이용할 방사능 표지 항체의 제조에 응용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.2185-2190
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• 2013

Gallbladder carcinoma, the most frequent malignant neoplasm of the biliary tract system, has always been considered to feature late clinical presentation and diagnosis, limited treatment options and an extremely poor prognosis. In recent years, while the incidence of gallbladder cancer has appeared to be on the increase, the available treatment methods have not greatly improved survival of the affected patients. Thus, exploring new therapeutic targets for this devastating disease is an urgent matter at present. Epidemical studies have demonstrated that the incidence of gallbladder carcinoma exhibits a distinct gender bias, affecting females two to three times more than males, pointing to crucial roles of estrogen. It is well known that estrogen acts on target tissues by binding to estrogen receptors (ERs), which are mainly divided into three subtypes, $ER{\alpha}$, $ER{\beta}$ and $ER{\gamma}$. $ER{\alpha}$ and $ER{\beta}$ appear to have overlapping but also unique even opposite biological effects. As important pathogenic mediators, ERs have been considered to relate to several kinds of tumors. In gallbladder carcinoma tissue, ERs have been shown to be positively expressed, and ERs expression levels are associated with differentiation and prognosis of this cancer. Nevertheless, the exact mechanisms of estrogen inducing growth of gallbladder carcinoma remain poorly understood. On the base of the current investigations, we deduce that estrogen participates in promotion of gallbladder carcinoma by influencing the formation of gallstones, stimulating angiogenesis, and promoting abnormal proliferation. Since ERs mediate the carcinogenic actions of estrogen in gallbladder, and therapy targeting ERs may provide new directions for gallbladder carcinoma. Therefore, it should be stressed that ERs are potential therapeutic targets for gallbladder carcinoma.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제65권2호
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• pp.131-136
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• 2008

담즙흉은 담도 또는 담낭과 흉강 사이에 형성된 누공을 통해 담즙이 흉강으로 누출되어 흉수의 형태로 관찰되는 흉막염의 일종으로, 주로 흉강-복부 외상과 관련된 매우 드문 합병증이며 그동안 국내에는 담즙흉에 대한 문헌보고가 없었다. 이에 저자들은 최근 외상 후 흉막성 흉통과 호흡곤란을 호소하였고 담도결석 제거를 위한 경피경간담도내시경술 이후에 흉수가 발생한 환자에서 담즙흉으로 진단된 환자 1예를 경험하였기에 보고한다.