• Applied Microscopy
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.171-180
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 dehydrocholic acid를 투여한 흰쥐 간세포의 vacuolar apparatus를 세포화학적으로 관찰하고자 하였다. 박절편에서 Golgi 장치의 형성면 수조는 소낭상으로 팽대된 부분이 열지어 있었으며 어떤것은 돌출되어 있었다. 이러한 소낭 모양의 돌출부는 용해소체 표면에서도 관찰되었다. 소포들은 Golgi 장치의 형성면 수조와 용해소채 및 담세관 주위에서 볼 수 있었으며 소포가 담세관에 융합되어 있는 것도 관찰되었다. 이러한 소견들은 dehydrocholic acid 투여 후 20분이 경과된 흰쥐에서 현저하였다. 정상군이나 실험군에서 거의 모든 Golgi 장치의 형성면은 담세관을 향하고 있었다. 박절편에서 Golgi 장치의 형성면 수조와 소낭 모양의 돌출부 및 소포는 가시물질을 거의 함유하고 있지 않았다. Osmium은 이들구조에서 심하게 침착되어 있었다. 용해소체와 그 주위에 있는 소포에서는 acid phosphatase 활성이 나타났다. 그러나 담세관 주위에 있는 소포에서는 osmium의 침착이나 acid phosphatase 활성이 경하게 나타나거나 관찰되지 않았다. 이러한 증거들로 미루어 소포는 Golgi 장치의 형성면과 용해소체에서 유래되며 이들소포가 담세관에 융합됨으로서 담즙산이 분비될 것으로 생각된다. 그러나 소포가 담세관에 접근해 감에 따라 소포의 효소활성은 저하되는 것 같이 보인다.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.284-288
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• 2004

영아에서 담관의 자연 천공은 매우 드물며 조기에 발견하여 치료하지 않으면 사망할 수 있는 질환이다. 출생 후 건강하던 영아가 복부팽만, 복수, 황달이 나타나면 의심하게 되며 대부분 수술적 담도 조영술을 시행하는 과정에서 진단된다. 저자들은 복부팽만, 황달, 무담즙변 증상이 있는 생후 4개월 된 소아에서 총담관의 자연천공 1례를 경험하여 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제7권1_4호
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• pp.13-21
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• 1977

This study on the biliary excretion of sulfadiazine has been established in the rats. 1. Sulfadiazine, administered intravenously to rats with ligated renal pedicles and a cannulated bile duct, rapidly appeared in the bile in high concentration. 2. Between 0-30min. and 30-60 min. after administration, the bile-to-plasma concentration ratios(B/P) of the sulfadiazine were 1. 02-2.67, 1.14-3.79 for 1mg/kg dose, 1.48-3.89, 1.30-3.81 for 10mg/kg, 1.97-4.27, 2.11-4.07 for 50mg/kg, and 1.70-4.21, 1.71-5.34 for 100mg/kg. Thus, B/P ratios at any doses of sulfadiazine greatly exceeded 1.0 at all experimental periods. 3. Furthermore, the biliary excretion of sulfadiazine was inhibited by probenecid significantly. 4. Hepatic clearance of sulfadiazine in the rats was increased from 0.515 to 1.780 ml/60 min. when the dose was raised from 1.0mg/kg to 50.0mg/kg of sulfadiazine, but at 100mg/kg, decreased to 1.250ml/60min. All these results indicate that sulfadiazine is excreted into the bile by active transport process in the rats with ligated renal pedicles and a cannulated bile duct.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.121-126
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• 2011

담도암 환자의 방사선치료 기간 중, 총담도에 삽입된 스텐트가 환자 복부의 우측부터 좌측까지 매우 넓은 범위로 움직인 경우를 발견하였다. 환자는 80세 노령의 여자로 흉추가 심한 척추 후만증을 보였고 흉추와 요추 몇 부위들에 압박골절이 있어서 키가 작았고 복부장기들이 아래로 내려와 있었다. 환자는 쇠약하고 야윈 상태였는데 방사선치료 기간 중 매주 컴퓨터단층촬영을 시행하여 비교한 결과 몸의 좌우방향으로 4 cm 이상의 스텐트의 위치 이동을 보였다. 따라서 흉추 후만증이 있으며서 몸이 매우 야윈 담도암 환자의 경우 방사선치료 범위 설정 시에 치료 기간 중 담도나 스텐트가 크게 움직일 가능성을 고려해야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.637-643
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• 1999

The effects of yam(Dioscorea) on lowering cholesterol level and its mechanism were investigated. The concentrations of plasma and liver lipids, and the excretions of fecal neutral sterol and bile acid were measured in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Five Groups of 8 rats were fed hypercholesterolemic diet(1% cholesterol, 10% lard ; control), hypercholesterolemic diet plus 15% or 30% dried yam powder prepared by either hot-air(15HY, 30HY) or freeze dry(15FY, 30FY) for 4wk. Plasma total lipid, total cholesterol and cholesterol level was also significantly lower(28%, p<0.05), buy HMG-CoA reductase activity was higher in 30FY(230%, p<0.05) than in control. Although no significant differences in fecal neutral sterols were observed among groups, the yam-fed rats apparently had less bacterial degradation of cholesterol as indicated by a significantly greater of fecal cholesterol to coprostanol than in controls. Total fecal bile acids were significantly greater in rats fed yam(15HY : 5 folds, 15FY ; 12,30HY ; 12, 20FY ; 22) than in controls. The ratio of secondary to primary bile acids was almost 8 times lower in 30FY than in control. These data indicate that yam lowers cholesterol both in plasma and in liver through increasing fecal bile acid excretion as well as HMG-CoA reductase activity. Freeze-dried yam, which possesses viscosity, was more effective in cholesterol-lowering action than hot-air dried one.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.1047-1052
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• 2006

A bile salt hydrolase (BSH) was purified from Lactobacillus plantarum CK 102 and its enzymatic properties were characterized. This enzyme was successfully purified using ion-exchange chromatography with Q-Excellose and hydrophobic interaction chromatography with Butyl-Excellose. The purified enzyme showed a single protein band of 37 kDa by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, which was similar to the molecular weight of known BSHs. The amino acid sequence of GLGLPGDLSSMSR, determined by MALDI-TOF, was identical to that of BSH of L. plantarum WCFS1. Although this BSH hydrolyzed all of the six major human bile salts, glycine-conjugated bile acid was the best substrate, based on its specificity and $K_{m}$ value. Among the various substrates, the purified enzyme maximally hydrolyzed glycocholate with apparent $K_{m}$ and $V_{max}$ values of 0.5 mM and 94 nmol/min/mg, respectively. The optimal pH of the enzyme ranged from 5.8 to 6.3. This enzyme was strongly inhibited by thiol enzyme inhibitors such as iodoacetate and periodic acid.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.738-746
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• 1996

In order to anticipate the physiological function of dietary fibers, glucose and bile acid retarding effects were experimented by using in vitro methods based on dialysis for commercial fibers and dietary fiber residue of food samples. The glucose retarding effect in commercial fibers increased in the order of alginic acid, guar gum, CM-cellulose, citrus pectin > apple pectin > $\alpha$-cellulose and the effect in food fiber residues increased in the order of sea mustard > Korean cabbage, apple > rice bran, barley, soybean, and tangerine. The bile acid retarding effect in commercial fibers increased in the order of citrus pectin, guar gum > CM-cellulose, alginic acid > apple pectin > $\alpha$-cellulose and the effect in food fiber residues increased in the order of barley, rice bran > sea mustard > tangerine > Korean cabbage, soybean > apple. The higher the retarding effect of glucose movement through the dialysis membrane, the more effective the control of the human blood glucose level. As the retarding effect of bile acid movement across the dialysis membrane increased, the human serum cholesterol level correspondingly reduced. Consequently these in vitro methods can be used as a preceding test before undertaking animal and human experiments to predict the physioloical effects of fiber residues from diverse food samples as well as commercially refined fibers.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.210-219
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• 1997

Retarding effects of the dietary fibers from tangerine peels on glucose, bile acid and cadmium transport were evaluated by dialysis method, and were compared with those of commercial dietary fibers(citrus pection, CM-cellulose, guar gum, $\alpha$-cellulose). Yields of total (TDF), insoluble(IDF) and soluble dietary fibers(SDF) from tangerine peels on the fresh matter basis were 2.84%, 1.95% and 0.39% respectively. The amount of insoluble fibers was 5.2 times higher than that of soluble fibers. Soluble fibers(guar gum, CM-cellulose, SDF, pectin) had the retarding effect on glucose transport, while IDF, TDF and $\alpha$-cellulose did not have. Guar gum showed the greatest effect, followed by CM-cellulose, SDF and pectin. Among the extracted fibers, only SDF had the effect on glucose transport retardation. Regarding bile acid dialysis, guar gum had the greatest retarding effect, and all dietary fibers from tangerine peels, especially SDF, showed the effect of bile acid retardation. On cadmium transport retardation, CM-cellulose had the greatest effect, followed by SDF, TDF, IDF, guar gum and pectin. Among the extracted fibers, SDF had the greatest effect on Cd trasport transport retardation. The extracted dietary fibers showed higher retarding effect on Cd transport than glucose and bile acid transport, and the effect of SDF was higher than IDF.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.80-88
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• 2015

The structural change and distribution of mitochondrial enzyme (ATPase, cytochrome-c-oxidase), cell proliferation (proliferating cell nuclear antigen, PCNA), cell death (caspase-3) and cell growth factor (fibroblast growth factor 8, FGF-8) in the Sprague-Dawley rat bile duct during Clonorchis sinensis infection was investigated. Experimental groups were divided into C. sinensis infection, superinfection and reinfection of C. sinensis after 'praziquantel' treatment group. As a result, C. sinensis infected rat bile ducts showed the features of chronic clonorchiasis, i.e., connective tissue thickening, ductal fibrosis and epithelial tissue dilatation. PCNA for cell proliferation increased in the infection group, and decreased after praziquantel treatment. Caspase-3 was distributed in reinfection group only. FGF-8 was distributed in the rat bile duct after praziquantel treatment but not distributed in infection and reinfection group. Overall, C. sinensis infection causes physical and chemical irritations and then brings on the abnormalities of intracellular energy metabolism and cellular growth factors, which hinders bile duct tissue from functioning properly, and resultingly, fibrosis occurs and epithelial cells dilated abnormally. More intense infection makes tissue fibrosis chronical and activates apoptosis factors.

• 분석과학
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.429-435
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• 1998

유리 담즙산 및 담즙산의 글리신복합체를 dansyl cadaverine을 형광유도체화제로 사용하여 역상HPLC에서 분리하고 형광으로 검출할 수 있는 방법을 개발하였다. 8종류의 유리 및 복합체 담즙산을 dimethylformamide를 반응용매로 하여, amide결합 형성반응용 축합제로서 diethyl phosphorocyanidate를 사용하여 형광유도체화제인 dansyl cadaverine과 반응시켰다. 반응액중 일부를 20% methanol-water/acetonitrile을 기본 용리액으로한 직선 농도구배 조건의 HPLC에 의하여, 8가지 담즙산류를 완전히 분리할 수 있었다. 역상컬럼으로부터 용출된 담즙산의 형광유도체는 여기파장(${\lambda}ex.$) 340 nm, 형광파장 (${\lambda}em.$) 520 nm에서 측정하여 콜린산의 경우 약 10 pg(S/N 비=5)까지 측정할 수 있었다.