• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• 제80권4호
• /
• pp.416-419
• /
• 1991

Effective micropropagation was achieved by axillary bud culture from stool shoots of 15-year-old Betula platyphylla var. japonica. Shoot development and proliferation from the explants were successful on WPM supplemented with 0.5 or 1.0mg/l BAP. All the regenerated shoots rooted when transfered to GD medium containing 0.2mg/l IBA. After transplaning to soil more than 95% of the plantlets survived and showed normal growth. The results demonstrate that masspropagation of selected mature trees is feasible using tissue culture technique.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• 제38권1호
• /
• pp.83-84
• /
• 2010

We inoculated the spawn of Inonotus obliquus on living trees of Betula platyphylla var. japonica, and could get several fruiting bodies from the inoculations. The fruiting body showed almost the same feature of that collected from natural habitats in Korea, while the size was much smaller than that of natural one. The diameter of the fruiting body ranged from 1.1 cm to 4.8 cm, and the height 0.5 cm to 2.0 cm. We expect that a harvest is possible within 5 years, but need to check the growth rate of the fruiting body to decide suitable time for getting more economic value.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.219-224
• /
• 2018

During the screening for cytotoxic compounds from plants grown in Korea, Betula platyphylla (BP) showed potent activity against the adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial A549 cell line. To identify the cytotoxic components from BP, the $CH_2Cl_2$ fraction with the most significant cytotoxic effect was applied to the column chromatographies. Seven compounds were isolated: lupeol (1), betulinic acid (2), (-)-rhododendrol (3), platyphyllenone (4), platyphyllone (5), (-)-centrolobol (6), and oleanolic acid (7). Among them, three diarylheptanoids (4 - 6) exhibited cytotoxicity toward A549 cells. Especially, $50{\mu}M$ of 4 reduced A549 cell viability to $18.93{\pm}0.82%$ compared to control ($100.00{\pm}21.48%$). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were also induced by $50{\mu}M$ 4. This is the first report on the cytotoxic effect of BP-derived diarylheptanoids 4-6 against A549 cells. The compound 4 may be useful for the development of early hit compounds for non-small cell lung carcinoma, but the consideration about selectivity of 4 is required since 4 also showed the cytotoxicity in the human normal lung epithelial BEAS-2B cell line.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.50-53
• /
• 2010

Cognitive enhancing activity of Betula plantyphylla sap was determined in scopolamine induced amnesic mice using passive avoidance test. Oral acute administration of the sap effectively reversed memory deficit in a dose dependent manner. Then the sap was standardized on the basis of sugar contents using HPLC combined with refractive index detector. Glucose and fructose were the main sugars present in the sap.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• 제38권6호
• /
• pp.787-794
• /
• 2009

In this study, a new method for extending storage-life and palatability of Betula platyphylla sap by applying lactic acid bacteria fermentation was developed. The fluids of saps were filtered through 0.22 ${\mu}m$ membrane filter and each fermented by 8 different lactic acid bacteria which are Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus brevis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Leuconostoc lactis, Lactococcus lactis, Pediocossus pentosaceus, Pediococcus dextrinicus, Streptococcus thermophilus. All the tested lactic acid bacteria except P. dextrinicus grew fast up to $10^6{\sim}10^7cfu/mL$ levels and lowered pH down to about pH 4 levels in 48 hours in both saps. The produced organic acids and lowered pH level inhibited the growth of spoilage microorganisms almost completely for 2 weeks during storage at room temperature. Addition of xylitol in the saps before fermentation accelerated the growth of lactic acid bacteria and increased the sweetness and overall taste of final product. The filtration process did not affect the mineral compositions of Betula platyphylla saps. Also the compositions and amounts of minerals showed very minor differences before and after fermentation in Betula platyphylla saps inoculated with L. acidophilus. By applying lactic acid fermentation to extend storage-life of tree saps instead of heat treatment, it was possible to keep natural minerals in active forms without any modifications.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.304-309
• /
• 1999

Biomass, tissue (foliage, stem. and root) nutrient concentration, and nutrient use efficiency (NUE) were determined for 1-year-old Pinus densiflora, Larix leptolepis and Betula platyphvlla var. japonica seedlings in a greenhouse under nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilization treatments. There were no consistent patterns in the effect of fertilization on seedling growth, however, in most cases the addition of N and P had no stimulating effect on biomass. In general, seedling tissue N and P concentrations increased after fertilization. It appeared that fertilization induced luxury nutrient consumption because uptake was increased without altering biomass. The NUE. calculated as the ratio between total above and belowground production and nutrient content in seedlings, decreased with increasing N and P supply for P. densiflora and B. platyphylla var. japonica while that for L. leptolepisthe did not change. B. platyphylla var. japonica had the highest NUE, L. leptolepis the lowest, with P. densiflora having the intermediate NUE.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.241-245
• /
• 2017

Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus), which has invaluable medicinal uses, grows only on living trees. To date, it is still harvested from its natural habitat and is not cultivated artificially. We artificially cultivated chaga mushrooms by inoculating its sawdust spawns on Betula platyphylla var. japonica in 2007, and monitored mushroom growth on the inoculated trees for 9 years. The mushrooms grew less than 1 cm per year, with the largest mushroom growing up to 9 cm in the 9 years of study. There was no difference in the growth (diameter at breast height) of trees with viable and non-viable I. obliquus. In conclusion, artificial cultivation of chaga mushroom was successful. Our findings suggest that selection of large B. platyphylla var. japonica as host tree could lead to better I. obliquus productivity. Further improvements of the method are needed to increase the success rate of I. obliquus inoculation.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.42-65
• /
• 2010

Objectives : Betula platyphylla var. japonica extract (BPE) was used to determine the modulation of cytokine secretion, the activation of inflammatory and allergic factor and the inhibition of gene expression. Inflammatory and allergic cytokines as IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-${\alpha}$, NO and COX-2 were measured to use effectively on improvement or treatment of atopic dermatitis. Methods : We used NC/Nga mouse induced by atopic dermatitis to observe the effects of BPE on the weight, water and feed, blood test, weight of organs, histological change, total IgE and histological change of main organs. Results : BPE is effective on anti-inflammatory and allergic reaction. However, further study is needed to prove which component of BPE indicates effective pharmacological action. Conclusions : The above results suggest that Phellinus igniarius Quel extract could be applicable for improvement of several skin functions.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제17권6호
• /
• pp.487-489
• /
• 1994

A flavone glycoside was isolated from the leaves of Betula platyphylla var. latifolia and characterized as $4, 6-Dimethoxy-5-hydroxyflavone-7-O-{\beta}-D-glucoside(pectolinarigenin-7-O-{\beta}-D-glucopy-ranoside)$ by method of chemical and NMR spectral analysis. $^13C-^1H$ long range coupling was confirmative for determination of its substituted position. In connection with this study, 6-C-Glucosylnalingenin and 6-C-Glucosylaromadendrin were confirmed its structures using this technique.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.393-399
• /
• 2017

According to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), all parties have to submit the national GHG inventory report. Estimating carbon stocks and changes in Land Use, Land-Use Changes and Forestry (LULUCF) needs an activity data and emission factors. So this study was conducted to develop carbon emission factor for Robinia pseudoacacia L., Betula platyphylla var. japonica, and Liriodendron tulipifera. As a result, the basic wood density ($g/cm_3$) was 0.64 for R. pseudoacacia, 0.55 for B. platyphylla, and 0.46 for L. tulipifera. Biomass expansion factor was 1.47 for R. pseudoacacia, 1.30 for B. platyphylla, and 1.24 for L. tulipifera. Root to shoot ratio was 0.48 for R. pseudoacacia, 0.29 for B. platyphylla, and 0.23 for L. tulipifera. Uncertainty of estimated emission factors on three species ranged from 3.39% to 27.43% within recommended value (30%) by IPCC. We calculated carbon stock and change using these emission factors. Three species stored carbon in forest and net $CO_2$ removal was $1,255,398\;t\;CO_2/yr$ during 5 years. So we concluded that our result could be used as emission factors for national GHG inventory report on forest sector.