• 호남수학학술지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.701-724
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• 2016

For $f_i$ belonging to various subclasses of univalent functions, we investigate the product given by $h(z)=z{\prod_{i=1}^{n}}(f_i(z)/z)^{{\gamma}_i}$.The largest radius ${\rho}$ is determined such that $h({\rho}z)/{\rho}$ is starlike of order ${\beta}$, $0{\leq}{\beta}$ < 1 or to belong to other subclasses of univalent functions. We also determine the sharp radius of starlikeness of order ${\beta}$and other radius for the convolution f*g of two starlike functions f, g.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2017

In recent years, several interesting families of generating functions for various classes of hypergeometric functions were investigated systematically. In the present paper, we introduce a new family of extended Wright type hypergeometric function and obtain several classes of generating relations for this extended Wright type hypergeometric function.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.689-696
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• 1995

Effects of several cytokines($IL-1{\beta},\;TNF_{\alpha},\;and\;IFN_{\gamma}$) have been examined on fetal rat osteoblast-like cells. To investigate whether cytokines play direct causal roles in production of lysosomal enzyme, fetal rat osteoblast-like cells were treated with $IL-1{\beta},\;TNF_{\alpha},\;and\;IFN_{\gamma}$, respectively or combined. And acid phosphatase was determined by biochemical method. Alkaline phosphatase was assayed to determine the effects of $IL-1{\beta},\;TNF_{\alpha},\;and\;IFN_{\gamma}$ on the expression of this enzyme. And also experiment of calcified nodule formation was performed to assess the effects of cytokines on the bone-forming activity of osteoblast-like cells in vitro. Acid phosphatase activity was significantly increased by the addition of $IL-1{\beta}\;and\;TNF_{\alpha}$, whereas decreased by $IFN_{\gamma}$. However, no significant change:: in alkaline phosphatase activity was observed when the osteoblast-like cells were treated with $IL-1{\beta}\;and\;TNF_{\alpha}$. Interestingly, $IFN_{\gamma}$ showed stimulatory effect on alkaline phosphatase activity. The number of calcified nodules was decreased by treatment of cultures with 1 ng/ml $IL-1{\beta},\;20\;ng/ml\;TNF_{\alpha}$, and 500 u/ml $IFN_{\gamma}$ continuously for 21 days, while considerable number of calcified nodules were formed in control group of osteoblast-like cell in culture for 21 days. These results seem to suggest that cytokines may play crucial roles in bone remodeling through the direct action on the osteoblast-like cell.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.783-797
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• 2019

In this paper, we introduce and investigate a subclass ${\Im}_{\Sigma}({\alpha},{\beta},{\gamma})$ of analytic and bi-univalent functions of complex order in the open unit disk U in complex plane. Here, we obtain an upper bound for the second Hankel determinant of the functions belonging to this class. Moreover, several interesting conclusions of the results obtained here are also discussed.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.183-194
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• 1998

Making use of a certain operator of fractional derivative, a new subclass $L_p({\alpha},{\beta},{\gamma},{\lambda})$) of analytic and p-valent functions is introduced in the present paper. Apart from various coefficient bounds, many interesting and useful properties of this class of functions are given, some of these properties involve, for example, linear combinations and modified Hadamard product of several functions belonging to the class introduced here.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.391-400
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• 2018

The object of this paper to construct a new class $$A^m_{{\mu},{\lambda},{\delta}}({\alpha},{\beta},{\gamma},t,{\Psi})$$ of bi-univalent functions of complex order defined in the open unit disc. The second and the third coefficients of the Taylor-Maclaurin series for functions in the new subclass are determined. Several special consequences of the results are also indicated.

• BMB Reports
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• 제43권11호
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• pp.738-743
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• 2010

The c-Jun $NH_2$-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway participates in many physiological functions. In the current study we reported the cloning and characterization of five novel JNK2 transcript variants, which were designated as $JNK2\alpha3$, $JNK2\alpha4$, $JNK2\beta3$, $JNK2\gamma1$ and $JNK2\gamma2$, respectively. Among them, $JNK2\alpha4$ and $JNK2\gamma2$ are potential non-coding RNA because they contain pre-mature stop codons. Both $JNK2\alpha3$ and $JNK2\beta3$ contain an intact kinase domain, and both encode a protein product of 46 kDa, the same as those of $JNK2\alpha1$ and $JNK2\beta1$. $JNK2\gamma1$ contains a disrupted kinase domain and it showed a disable function. When over-expressed in mammalian cells, $JNK2\alpha3$ showed higher activity on AP-1 than that of $JNK2\beta3$ and $JNK2\gamma1$. Furthermore, $JNK2\alpha3$ and $JNK2\beta3$ showed different levels of substrate phosphorylation, although they both could promote the proliferation of 293T cells. Our results further demonstrate that JNK2 isoforms preferentially target different substrates and may regulate the expression of various target genes.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.1-28
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• 2015

In this paper, the dynamic response of functionally gradient steel (FGS) composite cylindrical panels in steady-state thermal environments subjected to impulsive loads is investigated for the first time. FGSs composed of graded ferritic and austenitic regions together with bainite and martensite intermediate layers are analyzed. Thermo-mechanical material properties of FGS composites are predicted according to the microhardness profile of FGS composites and approximated with appropriate functions. Based on the three-dimensional theory of thermo-elasticity, the governing equations of motionare derived in spatial and time domains. These equations are solved using the hybrid Fourier series expansion-Galerkin finite element method-Newmark approach for simply supported boundary conditions. The present solution is then applied to the thermo-elastic dynamic analysis of cylindrical panels with three different arrangements of material compositions of FGSs including ${\alpha}{\beta}{\gamma}M{\gamma}$, ${\alpha}{\beta}{\gamma}{\beta}{\alpha}$ and ${\gamma}{\beta}{\alpha}{\beta}{\gamma}$ composites. Benchmark results on the displacement and stress time-histories of FGS cylindrical panels in thermal environments under various pulse loads are presented and discussed in detail. Due to the absence of similar results in the specialized literature, this paper is likely to fill a gap in the state of the art of this problem, and provide pertinent results that are instrumental in the design of FGS structures under time-dependent mechanical loadings.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.591-601
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• 2016

Integral transforms and fractional integral formulas involving well-known special functions are interesting in themselves and play important roles in their diverse applications. A large number of integral transforms and fractional integral formulas have been established by many authors. In this paper, we aim at establishing some (presumably) new integral transforms and fractional integral formulas for the generalized hypergeometric type function which has recently been introduced by Luo et al. [9]. Some interesting special cases of our main results are also considered.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.621-626
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• 2011

AMPK는 catalytic ${\alpha}$ subunit과 regulatory ${\beta}$ 및 ${\gamma}$ subunit으로 구성된 인산화 효소로, 그 동안 생체 내 중요 대사 조절자로써 연구되어 왔으나, 최근 유전학 연구를 통해 지금까지 밝혀지지 아니한 새로운 생체기능을 가짐이 밝혀졌다. 본 연구에서 초파리 유전학 기법을 활용하여 AMPK ${\gamma}$ subunit 유전자가 결손된 모델 초파리를 제작 하여 연구한 결과, AMPK ${\gamma}$ 유전자 결손 시 초파리 embryo의 표피형성이 심각하게 저해됨을 발견하였고, 조직학적 실험을 통해 표피세포의 극성이 AMPK ${\gamma}$ 유전자 결손 초파리에서 손상되어 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 세포극성을 조절하는 중요 분자인 MRLC의 인산화 또한 AMPK ${\gamma}$ 유전자 결손 시 저해되었으며, AMPK ${\gamma}$ 유전자 재도입 시 MRLC인산화와 표피세포의 극성이 모두 회복됨이 확인되어, 초파리 표피세포의 극성유지에 AMPK ${\gamma}$ 유전자가 필수적 임을 확인하였다.