• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.303-311
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• 2010

Our previous finding summarizing that larval sieving process is inevitable but triggers the outbreak of scutica-like ciliates (SLCs) in the seed production of Patinopecten yessoensis urged further study to determine best suggestable sieving interval in an agreeable range of water quality. In the mass seed production of the scallop, SLC outbreak was closely related to the larval sieving in which larvae were drained on the basis of every 3-day (5T), 5-day (3T), 7-day (2T), or 9-day (1T) from culture tanks onto a mesh screen and placed back into new water in cleaned tanks. The larval performance of growth and survival was clearly dependent on the sieving intervals. It was in order of 3T, 5T, 2T, and 1T for both of growth and survival and in reverse order for SLC infection frequency, confirming that larval sieving is necessary but damageable if it overwhelms the larval resistance. Interestingly, the larval damages by the sieving persisted to their ensuing spat life in terms of nursery growth, survival, and abnormality.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.4296-4309
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• 2010

Globally Integrated Enterprise(GIE) has recently emerged as a popular concept in multinational enterprises(MNEs). In this paper, we use the AAA triangle in order to explain the degrees of adaptation, aggregation and arbitrage in IBM, P&G and NOKIA. The AAA triangle provides a basis for understanding GIE on the topic. This research also examines IT collaboration in order to provide practical guidance for implementation of AAA triangle. From the case study, several results are derived. First, we suggest a step-by-step approach for GIE to enhance global value creation with a situation. Second, we emphasize the importance of IT collaboration in process of introducing the AAA strategies. We believe that the issues we have raised in this paper will be useful to MNEs. In terms of the AAA triangle, this would be best thought of as a lateral shift to a new area of business, where the organization would have more of a competitive advantage.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.436-444
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• 2010

Objectives: This study aimed to assess prospectively the clinical outcome of nonsurgical endodontic treatment and identify patient- and tooth-related factors, rather than treatment-related factors, that were the best predictors of this outcome. Materials and Methods: The inception cohort comprised 441 teeth (320 patients) and 175 teeth (123 patients) were followed up for 1-2 years. Age, gender, presence of medical disease, number of canals, previous endodontic treatment, presence of sensitivity and pain, pulp vitality, swelling or sinus tract of pulpal origin on the gingiva, periapical radiolucency and tendency of unilateral bite on the affected tooth were recorded at treatment start. Results: The outcome was classified on the basis of periapical radiolucency as healed or non healed. The overall healed rate in these cases, including nonsurgical retreatment, was 81.1%. Four tooth-related factors had a negative impact in the bivariate analysis: previous endodontic treatment, necrotic pulp, preoperative gingival swelling or sinus tract of pulpal origin, and preoperative periapical radiolucency. Stepwise logistic regression analysis including patient-, tooth-related factors and level of the root canal filling as a treatment-related factor showed that preoperative gingival lesion (odds ratio [OR]: 4.4; p = 0.005), preoperative periapical radiolucency (OR: 3.6; p = 0.011), and $\leq$ 1-2 mm under root filling length (OR: 9.6; p = 0.012) were significant predictors of failure. Conclusions: A preoperative gingival lesion of pulpal origin can influence the outcome of nonsurgical endodontic treatment in addition to preoperative periapical radiolucency.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.2 no.7
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• pp.885-894
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• 2001

The production and application of multimedia by domain in accordance with an infant level on the educational spot are some what insufficient to satisfy and difficult to be connected with class activities. Therefore, This essay proposes a way that it products educational program in accordance with a child level using ToolBook II and applies to class activities directly so that the infants can promote learning achievement. The embodied program is to be classified into six domains, a letter world, a figure world, a colorful world, a nursery rhyme world, a nursery tale world and internet site, on the basis of the play domain of infant education course. It is different from the existing CD ROM Title for young children by subject. The program is appropriately applied close multimedia factor for infants, such as images and sounds in order to stimulate their hearing and vision because it is programmed just for young children. And also, it is made up to be able to be applied without suing letters because they are unaccustomed to letter. After it have been applied to infants, A Rating-measure method is chosen in the course of an evaluation. Consequently, It shows that, a letter world, a figure world and a colorful world of each domain have an efficient learning effect and also at the ages of 5~7, 7 year-old infants have the best efficient learning effect.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.129
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• pp.247-265
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• 2014

In this paper I will undertake three tasks: first, to identify the difference between John Rawls's liberal conception of liberty and Will Kymlicka's; second, to briefly examine the problems with liberal conception of liberty; finally, to propose a certain alternative that will be able to make liberal conception of liberty more meaningful In Kymlicka's view, Rawls seems to fail to make the best defence of freedom of choice because he wants to explain of individual freedom on the basis of Kant's moral theory about liberty. Kymlicka thinks that it is not a desirable way of defending liberal conception of liberty. According to his liberal theory, Rawls's defence of freedom of choice might make us think that we should have our freedom of choice for its own sake because freedom is the most valuable in the world. So Kymlicka wants to provide stronger argument to defend freedom of choice in liberalism. He insists that it is our projects and tasks that are most important things in our lives. Furthermore, he argues that we should conceive our freedom of choice as a precondition for pursuing those projects and practices that are valued for our good lives. Now I want to look at two concepts of liberty in liberalism with Rawls's theory and Kymlicaka's. In this paper, I shall look at criticisms of the liberal account of freedom of choice. These would give us a certain chance for understanding true freedom.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.329-337
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• 2019

It is true that many tales delivered in an 'Story-telling' auditorium or theater have not so much exquisite and refined forms as distorted and deteriorated ones. Furthermore, when false interpretations of tale-performers added into the category of the texts of tales, the problems can be made worse. In case of oral folk tales, there can be discordance between the standpoint of a tale-performer and the contents of a tale. This thesis is directly aimed at pointing out the 'Behavior Economics' problems concerned with the reading and interpretation of tales through investigating the missing parts of a text in reading tales. Man's rationality is meant to be confined to bounded rationality. Instead of making best choices, bounded rationality leads consumers to make a decision which they think suffices themselves to the point requiring no more consideration on the given item. It is the very Heuristic that does work in the process of this simplified decision making process. Heuristic utilizes established empirical notion and specific information, and that's why there can be cognitive 'Biases' sometimes leading to inaccurate judgment. As Oral Literature is basically based on heavy guesswork and perceptual biases of general public, it is imperative to contemplate oral literature in the framework of Heuristic of behavior economics. This thesis deals with thinking types and behavioral patterns of the general public in the perspective of heuristic by examining 'Story-tellings' on the basis of personal or public memory. In addition, heuristic involves how to deal with significant but intangible content such as the errors of oral story teller, the deviations of the story, and responses of the audience.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.97-106
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• 1986

System thermal-hydraulic parameters and simulated, using the best-estimate system code(RELAPS/MODl/NSC), based upon the sequence of events for the KNU1 (Korea Nuclear Unit 1) loss of offsite power transient at 77.5% power which occurred on June 9,1981. The results are compared with the actual plant transient data and show good agreements. After the flow coastdown following the trips of both reactor coolant pumps, the establishment of natural circulation by the temperature difference between the hot and the cold legs is confirmed. The calculated reactor coolant flowrate closely approximates the plant data indicating the validity of relevant thermal-hydraulic models in the RELAP5/MOD1/NSC. Results also show that the sufficient heat removal capability is secured by the appropriate supply of the auxiliary feedwater without the operation of S/G PORVs. In addition, a scenario accident at full power, based upon the same sequence of events described above, is also analysed and the results confirmed that the safety of KNU1 is secured by the appropriate operation of the S/G PORVs coupled with the supply of auxiliary feedwater which ensures sufficient heat removal capability. The characteristics of the non-safety related components such as the turbine stop valve closing time, S/G PORV settings etc. are recognized to be important in the transient analyses on a bestestimate basis.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.433-440
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• 2019

Recently, machine learning and data mining have been used for many disease prediction and diagnosis. Chronic diseases account for about 80% of the total mortality rate and are increasing gradually. In previous studies, the predictive model for chronic diseases use data such as blood glucose, blood pressure, and insulin levels. In this paper, world's first research, verifies the relationship between dyslipidemia and facial characteristics, and develops the predictive model using machine learning based facial characteristics. Clinical data were obtained from 5390 adult Korean men, and using hypertriglyceridemia and facial characteristics data. Hypertriglyceridemia is a measure of dyslipidemia. The result of this study, find the facial characteristics that highly correlated with hypertriglyceridemia. FD_43_143_aD (p<0.0001, Area Under the receiver operating characteristics Curve(AUC)=0.652) is the best indicator of this study. FD_43_143_aD means distance between mandibular. The model based on this result obtained AUC value of 0.662. These results will provide a basis for predicting various diseases with only facial characteristics in the screening stage of disease epidemiology and public health in the future.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.168-175
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• 2021

The optimal determination of seeding rate is critical to minimizing uncertainties about the large variations observed in forage quality and productivity when alfalfa is cultivated under different geographical areas and growing conditions. The objective of this investigation was to provide information about the proper seeding rate according to harvest timing for alfalfa cultivation in the Northern regions of Korea. Alfalfa was sown in September 2018 at a seeding rate of 20, 30 or 40 kg/ha and harvested four times in 2019: May 3, July 2, September 11, and October 13. Regardless of seeding rate, alfalfa plant height was longest at the third harvest (113 cm) and the shortest in the last annual harvest (43.8 cm). However, seeding rate had no effect on alfalfa plant height at any harvest. Forage relative feed value was increased in the first cutting but decreased in the third cuttings as seeding rate increased. However, seeding rate had slight effect on alfalfa forage quality components at the second and fourth cuttings. Total annual DM and crude protein production (in 4 harvests) was greater at higher seeding rates. Plots seeded at a rate of 40 kg/ha produced on average 1,257 and 2,620 kg/ha more forage (DM basis) than those seeded at a rate of 30 or 20 kg/ha, respectively. Forage DM production at the first, second, third, and fourth harvests accounted for 36.1, 24.0, 27.1, and 12.8 % of total annual DM production, respectively. Overall, small differences were seen when alfalfa seeding rate was different but maximum forage DM production (in four harvests) was detected when seeding rate was 40 kg/ha. These data could be useful to the alfalfa growers by allowing them to make more accurate trade-offs between seed price and the expected magnitude of forage yield gains in order to select the best seeding rate.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.135-145
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• 2010

In order to enhance overall quality of the Backsulki, a sweet potato flour (SPF) which is rich in sugar and dietary fiber was added into the rice flour at 0, 5, 15, and 25% (w/w, db) ratios. Quality changes of the products were evaluated by storing at 5, 15, and 25$^{\circ}C$ for 4 days. Water binding capacity, swelling power, and solubility of the products increased as the SPF increased. Hunter colorimetric a- and b-value increased while L value of the products decreased as the SPF increased. Retarded retrogradation of the flour mixtures containing the SPF was shown from the DSC thermogram as indicated by the decreased $\Delta$H values. Increases in $T_{i}$ and $T_{p}$ values in relation with the starch gelatinization were shown from the DSC thermogram with a temperature margin of 15-20$^{\circ}C$ as the SPF increased. Increases in softness along with decreases in springiness and chewiness of the products were shown as the SPF increased. It was not so much the storage temperature as the added SPF affected the final texture of the products. Retarded growth of the total microbes of the products was noted by the added SPF during storage at 25$^{\circ}C$ for 3 days. Regarding the above and additional sensory preference scores of the products, a 15%(w/w) level of the SPF was suggested as optimum for the best Backsulki with improved qualities.