• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.13-19
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• 2012

In this paper, the offshore wind farms have been designed by using WindPRO with the help of real wind data measurements at Jeju Costal area by calculating the annual energy production for exact economic evaluation. In order to achieve benefit of wind farm, the annual revenue for power generation have been calculated with SMP and REC value. And construction cost has derived from the real wind farm project case. Also O&M cost has been estimated by OMCE (Operating & Maintenance Cost Estimator) to get accurate cost of wind farm. Economic evaluation of wind farms have been performed by comparing above parameters. In addition, sensitivity analysis calculating the effect of these factors has also been carried out.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.1-10
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• 2023

This research sought to determine the optimal cycle of Planned Depot Maintenance (PDM) for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), and PDM through Reliability and Maintainability-based simulation and Operating and Support (O&S) cost analysis using Reliability and Maintainability analysis results. The effectiveness of the PDM was verified economically, and the optimal PDM interval that balances UAV effective operations and sustaining engineering costs was presented.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.411-420
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• 1996

Asia Triple HIn this study an attempt was made to determine the cost of producing fodders at Savar Dairy Farm (SDF). For this purpose, all seasonal fodders, such as Maize, Jowar, Cowpea and Oat and all perennial fodders, such as Para and Napier were studied. The highest acreage of land was allocated to high-land Para (33.8%) and the lowest acreage (2.7%) was devoted to Cowpea. Jowar attained the highest yield (74.2 tons) per hectare and Maize attained the lowest yield (25.8 tons/h). The highest cost per hectare was attributed to Jowar (TK. 20944.18) while the lowest cost was attributed to low-land para (TK. 10349.86). The cost of production of fodder per kilogram was the highest (TK. 0.66) for Maize and the lowest for Oat (TK. 0.24). The cost of production of low-land Para was much lower than that of high land Para. The per kilogram cost of silage production was the highest (TK. 0.71) for Maize and the lowest (TK. 0.31) was for Napier. The gross return analysis further showed that the highest net margin and B:C ratio were observed for Napier followed by Low-land Para, Jowar, Oat, Cowpea, High-land Para and Maize. Therefore, those fodders whose B:C ratios and yield/ha were higher should be allocated more area of land to stimulate increased returns to SDF in the future is suggested.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.88-99
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• 1993

There has been investments by firms to protect workers' health and to improve their health status. Most of the investments are made on the ground of legal requirement. However many argue that the amount of investments made falls short of the legally required level. One of the reasons why firms are not active in undertaking required investments is that they are not certain whether such investment is economically beneficial to them or not. Using CBA (Cost-Benefit Analysis), this study investigates whether firms' investments on workers' health are economically justifiable or not. All kinds of expected costs and benefits are itemized and calculated, and costs are compared with benefits. The result shows that if firms fully undertake the legally required investments, total expected costs amount to W453.2 billion and expected benefits accruing to reductions from medical care costs, workers compensation costs, litigation costs in case of legal suit, work days lost, and etc. comes up to W2,086.8 billion. In other words, economic benefits from firms' investment on industrial health far outweighs their costs. As the economy grows, the probability of having various occupational disease increases. It is well conceivable from this study outcome that, the higher the probability, the greater the social loss would be, and the greater the benefits from proper investments on workers' health.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.593-601
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• 2003

The purpose of this paper is to investigate economic feasibility of creating artificial tidal flats using cost-benefit analyses. We assumed that the cost factors are associated with designing, construction and monitoring, and the benefit factors are associated with fisheries production, habitation, prevention of disasters, water purification, aesthetic value and existence value. First, for analyzing economic feasibility, the scenario suggests that a design can be made in a year, construction can be completed in three years and monitoring must be made for 20 years. Assuming the discount rate of 7.5%, economic feasibility analyses showed that B/C was 2.26 and IRR was 14.50. This study indicated there is economic validity of implementing creation of artificial tidal flat. In addition, we carried out a sensitivity analysis at the change of discount rate and restoration rate. The result of sensitivity analysis clearly showed that economic validity is low when discount rate is over 15%, and changes in restoration rate did not significantly effect on the economic validity.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.190-200
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• 2017

In general, an assessment of the benefits and costs with regard to vehicle safety standards are validated before regulations are implemented. This paper performs this validation for the mandatory automobile safety devices requirement for new micro-mobility. The reviewed car safety standards involved the installation of seat belts, airbags, ABS, crash speed standards, and pedestrian warning system. The benefit was estimated as the cost of accident reduction due to the installation of vehicle safety standards. As a result, the safety belt showed a B / C of 4.0 or higher, and it was found that the seat belt should be installed from 2017. After the seatbelt regulation in 2017, the results of the scenarios with the airbag, ABS, crash speed of 40 km/h, and the pedestrian warning system showed B / C of 1.0 or more according to the year of regulation. This study can be useful as a tool in the decision-making process with regard to the timing and type of vehicle safety standards requirement of micro-mobility in the future.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.177-182
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• 2001

This paper aims at evaluating HSDI diesel passenger cars introduction. The result of economic analysis after accounting for the life cycle cost per car shows a saving of 13,836 thousand won in fuel cost per diesel car assuming a life of 10 years and the annual travel distance of 20,000km. Assuming an average travel distance of 20,000km and a 10% increase in sales of diesel passenger car, the social benefit starts to accrue from the year 2002 and, in 2010, is estimated to be 154.1 billion won relative to the gasoline passenger car. The cumulative social benefit up to 2010 under the same assumptions is expected to reach 636.8 billion won.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.237-248
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• 2017

The estimation method of economical leakage management target utilized upon planning business for improvement of revenue water ratio in South Korea is presented and applicability of methods developed in this study is assessed through application on site. With a consideration of revenue water ratio in application target area, estimation method of long-term economical leakage management target is applied. Three leakage reduction methods such as replacement of residual aged pipe, leakage investigation and restoration and water pressure management are applied with a consideration of characteristics of site. Due to difficulty of obtaining data, analysis of cost/benefit by leakage reduction methods is performed by applying method of leakages estimation equation among statistical methods. As a result of application, revenue water ratio corresponding to long-term economical leakage management target is 91.6 %.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.1136-1144
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• 2022

The effects of nearby residents and the public by the residual contamination from the decommissioning of nuclear facilities should comply with the dose criteria, and whether additional remediation action is necessary from the ALARA perspective must be determined. Therefore, we analyzed the requirements of ALARA action levels and performed preliminary ALARA evaluation. The ratio of residual contamination concentration to DCGL was calculated for the basement fill and the building occupancy mode. The results showed that the additional remediation actions below DCGL are not justified. In addition, we analyzed the effect of remediation area. It was noted that the increase of the remediation area showed a positive correlation with the Conc/DCGL value in the basement fill mode. On the other hand, in the building occupancy mode, since the floor area of the building is the target of remediation and has the effect of increasing the same as the evaluation area of the building occupants, but due to the difference in the amount of increase, the Conc/DCGL showed a negative correlation. We expect the approach and method of ALARA evaluation can be utilized for concrete cost-benefit calculation during the decommissioning or at the time of remediation.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.32-41
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• 2015

The Metropolitan Area Green Heat Project (MAGHP), which collects unused heat gathered from power plants, steel works, landfills in western Metropolitan area and distribute it to integrated energy business (IEB) companies, is proposed for the purpose of enhancing energy efficiency and providing low-price heat for IEB companies. Therefore, in order to decide on whether to initiate the MAGHP, the economic feasibility analysis of the project is widely demanded. This paper attempts to consider and measure four economic benefits: heat supply benefit, production cost reduction benefit, greenhouse gas mitigation benefit, and air quality improvement benefit. In addition, the paper tries to conduct the economic feasibility analysis. The project requires three-year investment and thirty-year operation. Three important findings emerge from the analysis. First, its net present value is computed to be 1,269 billion won and more than zero. Second, its benefit/cost ratio is calculated to be 1.72 and bigger than 1.0. Third, its internal rate of return is estimated to be 24.26% and larger than the social rate of return, 5.5%. In conclusion, the MAGHP is socially profitable and should be conducted immediately.