• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.269-276
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• 2013

본 연구는 부모의 게슈탈트적 언어중재를 통한 유창성장애인의 유창성 개선에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 실시하였다. 부모의 게슈탈트적 언어중재 과정은 유창성장애인의 말더듬 행동에 대한 이해, 자각, 변화, 적응 그리고 유지단계로 실시하였다. 연구 대상은 신경학적 손상이나 다른 언어 및 발달 장애가 없는 유창성장애인 6명(여성 2명, 남성 4명)으로 하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 부모의 게슈탈트적 언어중재 후 유창성장애인의 말더듬 빈도는 감소하였다. 대상자 모두 비정상적인 유창성 중 단어부분 반복이 치료 전에는 가장 많이 빈도를 나타내었으나 치료 후에는 가장 적은 빈도를 나타내어 개선을 보였다. 그러므로 부모의 게슈탈트적 언어중재는 유창성장애인의 말더듬 빈도를 감소시키며 행동을 긍정적 방향으로 개선시키데 효과가 있었다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.305-318
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the effects of a newly developed instructional coaching program regarding Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) for teachers. Methods: Seventy teachers participated in this study involving a nonequivalent control group and a pretest-posttest design. The instructional coaching program consisted of eight 60-minute sessions. The program was developed through a theoretical development program involving six steps. To evaluate the effects of the program, data were collected through self-report questionnaires including the Knowledge Scale of Attention Deficit Disorder, Attitude Scale of Primary School Teachers Experiencing Students with ADHD, Practice Scale of Educational Intervention Activity, and the Korean ADHD Rating Scale. Data were analyzed with an independent t test, a chi-square test, and an ANCOVA using SPSS WIN version 20. Results: The intervention program consisted of 3 sectors, 8 subjects, and 24 content items. The experimental group showed a significant improvement in attitudes toward ADHD (F=22.83, p<.001). In addition, teacher's knowledge regarding ADHD (F=7.16, p=.010) and the implementation of instructional interventions (F=4.29, p=.043) improved. Further, teachers reported a reduction in children's ADHD-related behavior (F=4.34, p=.041). Results showed that the coaching program made a positive contribution to teaching skills and understanding of school-age children with ADHD. Conclusion: The instructional coaching program was well structured and significantly improved not only teachers'attitudes, knowledge, and teaching skills but also the behavior of children with ADHD in class. Therefore, the program is recommended as a means of facilitating teaching and managing children with ADHD in class.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.116-120
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• 2019

Objectives: This study was conducted to re-validate the clinical efficacy of the Korean Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Rating Scale (K-AARS), which is a self-report scale for ADHD in adults, and to determine the clinical utility and cut-off scores of K-AARS. Methods: The participants were 135 drug naïve adults with ADHD and 144 healthy controls. To diagnose ADHD based on the diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition, two board-certified pediatric psychiatrists interviewed the participants and completed the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. K-AARS was applied to all participants. K-AARS comprises six clinical subscales, one impairment subscale, and one driving behavior subscale. The receiver operating characteristic analysis was conducted to calculate the cut-off scores of K-AARS. Results: All subscale scores, including six clinical subscale, impairment subscale, and driving behavior subscale scores, were found to be significant in distinguishing adults with ADHD from healthy controls. The sensitivity and specificity of the six clinical subscales were 63.0-77.0% and 66.7-79.9%, respectively. The combined total score of the six clinical subscales, had a sensitivity of 80.0% and specificity of 79.9%. Conclusion: The discriminative power of K-AARS for the diagnosis of ADHD in adults was excellent, and K-AARS and the empirical diagnosis of adults can be useful in diagnosing ADHD in adulthood.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2022

Purpose: Adolescent suicide is an important issue worldwide. Although literature on preventing suicide among adolescents tends to focus on suicidal ideation, suicidal planning is also an important issue as a stage leading to suicidal behavior. This study aims to identify suicidal planning-related factors, including generalized anxiety disorder, among adolescents who had suicidal ideation. Methods: This secondary study used data generated from the 16th(2020) Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, which included 5,979 students who had suicidal ideation. Factors related to suicidal planning were identified by performing a logistic regression analysis of the participants. All analyses were performed using SPSS 27.0. Results: Among adolescents who had suicidal ideation, 23.8% had suicide plans. The suicidal plans were significantly related to school level (middle, OR=1.38, 95% CI=1.22~1.55), whether they were living with family (no, OR=1.36, 95% CI=1.06~1.75), perceived body image (normal, OR=1.23, 95% CI=1.05~1.44; Obese, OR=1.33, 95% CI=1.14~1.54), depression (yes, OR=1.47, 95% CI=1.25~1.72), tobacco use (yes, OR=1.31, 95% CI=1.12~1.54), alcohol use (yes, OR=1.21, 95% CI=1.06~1.38), drug use (yes, OR=1.96, 95% CI=1.44~2.66), and/or generalized anxiety disorder (severe, OR=1.76, 95% CI=1.44~2.14). Conclusion: The findings of the study suggest that in addition to the commonly recognized factors for adolescent suicide, generalized anxiety disorder should also be considered when establishing strategies to prevent suicide planning in adolescents who had suicidal ideation.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.30-37
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to verify the validity and clinical cutoff score of the Child Behavior Checklist for ages 1.5-5 (CBCL 1.5-5) for diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods: 44 ASD infants and 100 normal infants participated. T-test, discriminant analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and odds ratio analysis were performed on the data. Results: Discriminant validity was confirmed by mean differences and discriminant analysis on the subscales of Withdrawn, Attention problems, Internalizing problems, Externalizing problems, Total problems, and all Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-oriented scales between the two groups. ROC curve analysis showed that Withdrawn, Attention problems, Internalizing problems, Externalizing problems, Total problems, DSM pervasive developmental problems, DSM attention deficit/hyperactivity problems, and DSM oppositional defiant problems significantly predicted ASD infants compared to normal infants. In addition, the clinical cutoff score criteria adopted in the Korean CBCL 1.5-5 for subscales of Withdrawn, Attention problems, Internalizing problems, Externalizing problems, Total problems, DSM pervasive developmental problems, DSM attention deficit/hyperactivity problems, and DSM oppositional defiant problems were shown to be valid. Conclusion: The subscales of Withdrawn, Attention problems, Internalizing problems, Externalizing problems, Total problems, DSM pervasive developmental problems, DSM attention deficit/hyperactivity problems, and DSM oppositional defiant problems significantly discriminated for the diagnosis of ASD.

• 예술인문사회 융합 멀티미디어 논문지
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• 제9권8호
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• pp.199-208
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• 2019

도피이론은 자살과 같은 문제행동에 대한 이론으로 부정적인 자신인식을 그 원인으로 보고 있다. 본 연구는 최근 대표적인 청소년 문제로 주목을 받고 있는 게임과몰입의 원인을 도피이론을 통해 추적해 보았다. 자살이론은 부정적 외부환경에 의해 촉발된 문제를 내부귀인과 자기비난으로 흘러가게 하며 이를 혐오적 자기인식으로, 다시 문제행동으로 이어지는 과정을 나타낸다. 이 과정을 청소년의 환경, 심리, 행동에 대입하여 분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과로 부모의 애정부족과 일관성부재가 부정적 외부환경을 조성하고 이것이 부정적 외부환경을 조성하여 자녀의 자존감에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 곧이어 낮은 자존감이 우울이라는 부정적 감정을 유발, 자신의 통제력을 낮추어 게임과몰입을 유도하는 것으로 확인되었다. 이와 같은 분석 결과는 게임과몰입이 도피이론모형을 통해 설명되던 폭식, 쇼핑중독 등 강박행동과 유사한 구조를 가지는 것을 나타냈으며, 게임과몰입 연구를 위해서 개인의 환경심리요인에 보다 집중할 필요가 있음을 나타낸다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.247-258
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• 2023

Objective: To localize the neuroanatomical substrate of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and to investigate the neuroanatomical locational relationship between RBD and α-synucleinopathy neurodegenerative diseases. Materials and Methods: Using a systematic PubMed search, we identified 19 patients with lesions in different brain regions that caused RBD. First, lesion network mapping was applied to confirm whether the lesion locations causing RBD corresponded to a common brain network. Second, the literature-based RBD lesion network map was validated using neuroimaging findings and locations of brain pathologies at post-mortem in patients with idiopathic RBD (iRBD) who were identified by independent systematic literature search using PubMed. Finally, we assessed the locational relationship between the sites of pathological alterations at the preclinical stage in α-synucleinopathy neurodegenerative diseases and the brain network for RBD. Results: The lesion network mapping showed lesions causing RBD to be localized to a common brain network defined by connectivity to the pons (including the locus coeruleus, dorsal raphe nucleus, central superior nucleus, and ventrolateral periaqueductal gray), regardless of the lesion location. The positive regions in the pons were replicated by the neuroimaging findings in an independent group of patients with iRBD and it coincided with the reported pathological alterations at post-mortem in patients with iRBD. Furthermore, all brain pathological sites at preclinical stages (Braak stages 1-2) in Parkinson's disease (PD) and at brainstem Lewy body disease in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) were involved in the brain network identified for RBD. Conclusion: The brain network defined by connectivity to positive pons regions might be the regulatory network loop inducing RBD in humans. In addition, our results suggested that the underlying cause of high phenoconversion rate from iRBD to neurodegenerative α-synucleinopathy might be pathological changes in the preclinical stage of α-synucleinopathy located at the regulatory network loop of RBD.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.34-42
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• 1995

청소년기의 경계선 인격장애는 충동조절의 결여, 타인에 대한 평가절하와 자신보다는 대상에 대하여 만족감을 얻으려는 욕구, 분리 방어기제를 특징으로 하는 인격장애로서 성인의 경계선 인격장애와 비슷한 양상으로 나타난다. 청소년기의 경계선 인격장애의 주요한 증상은 우울, 불안, 정체성 위기와 이러한 정체성 위기로 인한 반사회적인 행동을 흔히 볼 수 있다. 따라서 이들 증상들과 정상 청소년들이 보일 수 있는 질풍노도의 양상과 구별이 힘든 경우가 있다. 경계선 인격장애에서는 대상관계의 불안정, 정동의 불안정, 분리 등 미숙한 방어기제로 인해서 심한 스트레스하에서 정신병적 삽화가 나타날 수 있으며, 이로인해 정신분열증, 정동장애, 분열형 인격장애, 편집형 인격장애등과 감별진단이 필요하다. 청소년기 경계선 인격장애의 원인으로는 정신역동적 요소, 유전적 요인을 포함한 생물학적 요소, 가족역동적인 요소등을 복합적으로 고려해야 한다. 치료는 개인정신치료, 그룹치료, 가족치료, 약물치료 등이 있다. 소아 청소년기 경계선 인격장애가 성인기 경계선 인격장애로 될 것인가에 대해서는 논란이 되고 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.27-38
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• 1993

전반적 발달장애는 가장 심각한 소아정신과 장애중 하나로 발달의 여러가지 영역에 있어 이상 소견을 보인다. 약물치료로 전반적 발달장애를 완치 할 수 없으며 치료효과 역시 비특이적이다. 그러나 일부의 전반적 발달장애 아동에게 약물치료는 매우 중요하기도 하고, 행동치료나 교육에 임하는 데에 있어 휠씬 도움을 줄 수 있다. 지금까지 가장 많이 연구된 항정신병 약물인 halopcridol은 임상적으로나 통계적으로 확실히 위약보다 훌륭한 효과를 보이고 있고, 약물의 부작용을 초래하지 않으면서 변별학습이나 모방적 언어사용등 긍정적인 기능을 촉진하는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 그러나 이러한 halopcridol의 투여는 약물과 관련된 운동장애를 초래할 수 있기 때문에 보다 안전한 다른 약물을 찾고자 하는 이유가 된다. 지금까지의 몇몇 생화학적인 연구들은 전반적 발달장애 아동의 일부에서 대조군에 비하석 혈중내 세로토닌치가 높거나, 내인성 opioid 측정치가 높은 군이 있을 것이라는 보고를 하고 있다. 이러한 소견을 근거로 하여 약물치료가 시도 되기도 하였는데, 예를들면, fenfluramine이나 naltrexone등이 그러하다. 그러나 아직 까지의 결과는 결론적이지 못하다. 이 약물들과 이 밖에도 지금까지 전반적 발달장애 아동에게 사용되어진 약물들과 그들의 효과에 대하여 고찰하고자 한다.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.388-401
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the eating disorder, physical symptoms and mood status among college women. Data has been analyzed by SPSS/PC using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient. The results of this study are as follows : 1. The mean of body weight and height of the subjects were 52.74kg, 163.10cm. 2. Depending upon BMI, the obesity subjects were very rare(2.2%) and the rest(97.8%) were underweight or normal. 3. The total mean score of anorexia nervosa was higher than bulimia nervosa. 4. The total mean score of perceived physical symptoms was 20.68 and subjects in this study showed the tendency giving the highest core on the item of autonomic nerve system and mensural status. 5. The total mean score of mood status was 58.49. 6. The scores of eating behavior differed significantly by the BMI : The score was highest in the group of normal body weighted(t=5.75, p<.05). 7. The scores of physical symptoms differed significantly by the BMI : The score was highest in the group of the underweight(t=7.35, p<.01). 8. No significant difference was found on over all mood status scores according to the BMI. 9. There was high positive correlation between BMI and eating disorder(r=.1633, p<.01), between eating disorder and physical symptoms(r=.2497, p<.0001), between eating disorder and mood status(r=.2328, p<.0001), and between symptoms and mood status(r=.5051, p<.0001). From the results of this study, the eating disorder among college woman was very serious and the perception of their body weight was distorted. Therefore, to prevent the eating disorder, professional intervention is needed.