• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.320-324
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 마우스의 복부 신전시험을 통해 한국산 건조 봉독의 진통 효과를 평가하였다. 한국산 봉독은 특별히 고안된 봉독 추출기를 사용하여 일벌 (Apis mellifera L.)에 전기 충격을 가하여 생봉독을 수집하였으며, 수집된 생봉독은 봉독 건조기를 이용하여 봉독을 건조하였다. 실험 동물은 수컷 ICR 마우스 (체중 30-35 g, 6주령) 56마리를 각 군당 8마리씩 4개군으로 분류하였다. 건조 봉독은 6 mg/kg 투여군, 0.6 mg/kg 투여군, 0.6 mg/kg을 투여군 및 생리식염수를 투여한 대조군으로 각각 분류하였다. 한국산 건조 봉독은 마우스에 피하로 투여하였고, 봉독투여 30분후에는 0.9% 초산을 복강으로 투여하였다. 마우스의 복부의 신전 반사 횟수는 초산 투여 후 60분 동안 측정하였다. 초산 투여 후 3-9분에는 복부신전 반사를 보였고, 20분 후에는 가장 심한 복부신전 반사가 있었고 60분 후에는 반응이 거의 소실되었다. 한국산 건조 봉독의 복부 신전반응은 용량에 의존적으로 억제되었다. 이러한 결과에서 한국산 건조봉독은 통증치료에 있어 다른 약물을 대체하여 사용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.87-106
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• 2013

Objectives We will provide basic information on bee venom clinical tests and aid the practical use of bee venom in such tests, through examination of RCT research related to bee venom that was reported domestically. Methods We collected 365 articles on Bee venom study result from the OASIS system using the Keyword 'bee venom, apitoxin, apitherapy, bee sting'. The initially selected theses were primarily screened for clinical research. Out of these, case studies and non randomized controlled trial (non-RCT) were ruled out. As a result, 39 studies of randomized controlled trial (RCT) research were chosen as the subjects of study. Results RCT research related to bee venom was first presented in 2003, and 39 studies have been published until 2012. 18 studies were tests to confirm the effectiveness of bee venom, 7 studies were comparisons between SBV and BV, and 13 studies were comparisons with other types of treatment. Research conducted through appropriate randomization methods were 20 studies, and inappropriate randomization methods were used in 19 studies. In therms of Jadad score, 12 studies received 4~5 points, 15 studies received 1-3 points, and 12 studies received zero point. Conclusions In order to assure good quality RCT research, appropriate guidelines should be provided, and proper evaluation standards should be established. In-depth study is needed concerning the difference of responses to treatment according to the types of treatment received. A standardization of treatment should be reached as a result.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.663-667
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• 2010

본 연구는 설치모델 동물에서 봉독의 항통각 효과를 평가하고, 한국산 봉독과 미국산 봉독의 항통각 효과를 비교하는 것이 주된 관심이다. 한국산 봉독은 특별히 고안된 봉독 추출기를 사용하여 일벌 (Apis mellifera L.)에 전기충격을 가하여 생봉독을 수집하였으며, 수집된 생봉독은 봉독 건조기를 이용하여 봉독을 건조하였다. 미국산 봉독은 미국 시그마회사에서 상업적으로 판매되는 건조 봉독을 이용하였다. 한국산 봉독과 미국산 건조봉독을 생리식염수에 희석하여 체중 kg당 6 mg과 0.6 mg, 0.06 mg을 마우스와 랫드에 피하로 투여하여 항진통 효과를 조사하였다. 항통각 효과는 한국산 봉독과 미국산 봉독은 서로 비슷하였으며, 봉독의 용량이 많을수록 항통각 효과가 크게 나타났다. 이상의 결과에서 한국산 건조 봉독은 통증 치료에 사용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2004

Objective : This study was performed to examine the Magnetic therapy decrease the allergic reaction of Bee Venom. Methods : We injected BV to sample group(n=10) and control group(n=10) at 2 points of body, and also sample group was treated with Magnetic therapy additionally. We observed the change of local pain, pruritus, color difference value at 1 hour, 24 hours after injection. Results : Local pain, pruritus and color difference value of sample group were more decreased than control group. Conclusions : The Magnetic therapy decreased allergic reaction of Bee Venom.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2008

Objective Sweet bee venom is made by removing allergen from the bee venom through gel filtration chromatography and propionic acid/urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The aim of this study was to verify allergy inhibitory action in Sweet Bee Venom(SBV) and New Sweet Bee Venom(NSBV) removed enzymes and compounds of low molecular weight. Methods 84 healthy adult men and women were selected through a survey whom had never received the bee venom therapy in the past. The concentration of Normal Saline, SBV and NSBV pharmacopuncture was equally at 0.1mg/mL and the experiment was conducted as the double blind test. Results Participants of the study was comprised of 63 men and 21 women with the average age of 28.3 years. According to results of pain sense, SBV group showed significant higher score compared with NS group and NSBV group using VAS in treating time. And SBV and NSBV group showed significant higher score compared with NS group after 30 minutes. Other allergic responses were insignificant between the groups. Conclusions As a result of removed allergen and compounds of low molecular weight, NSBV significantly inhibits pain sense in treating time compared with SBV. This indicates wider and easier application of NSBV for the useful application in clinical treatment. Further comparative studies should be conducted to yield more objective verification.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.103-115
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• 2006

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of neurodegenerative disease associated with aging in the human population. This disease is characterized by the following 4 structural changes : Atrophy of the Cortex, Parasympathetic, and other neural cells, the existence of Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and the accumulation of Senile plaques. NFTs and Senile plaques is known to be the index of this disease. Senile plaques disturbs the neutro transmission and depletes of Acetylcholine. So, Recovery of Acetylcholine is the primal objective for treating Alzheimer's disease. So, Inhibiting the activity of Acetylcholine Esterase (AChE), which causes the hydrolysus of acetylcholine into choline and acetate, can be seen as a key role for treating Alzheimer's disease. Increasing body of evidence has been demonstrated that Bee Venom Acupuncture (BV) could compete with complex protein involving in multiple step of $NF-_{\kappa}B$ activation and exert the anti -inflammatory potential of combined inhibition of the prostanoid and nitric oxide synthesis systems by inhibition of IKK and $NF-_{\kappa}B$. The effect of BV through behavioral tests after memory impairment induced by Scopolamine. We examined the improving effect of BV on the Scopolamine (1 mg/Kg, i.p.)-induced memorial impairment using passive avoidance response and water maze tests in the mice. BV (0.84, $1.67\;{\mu}g/ml$) reversed the Scopolamine-induced memorial impairment in dose dependent manner. This study therefore suggests that BV acupuncture method may be useful for prevention of development or progression of AD.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.65-84
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• 2001

We recently demonstrated that bee venom (BV) injection into acupoint (i.e. Zusanli) produced more potent anti-inflammatory and antinociciptive effect in Freunds adjuvant induced rheumatoid arthritis (RA) model as compared with that of non-acupoint injection(i.e back). However, the precise components underlying BV-induced antinociceptive and/or anti-inflammatory effects have not been fully understood. Therefore, we further investigated the anti-arthritic effect of BV after extracting the whole BV according to solubility (water soluble: BVA, ethylacetate soluble: BVE). Subcutaneous BVA treatment (0.9 mg/kg/day) into Zusanli acupoint was found to dramatically inhibit paw edema and radiological change (i.e. new bone proliferation and soft tissue swelling) caused by Freunds adjuvant injection. In addition, the increase of serum interleukin-6 by RA induction was normalized by the BVA treatment as similar with that of non-arthritic animals. On the other hand, BVA therapy significantly reduced arthritis induced nociceptive behaviors (i.e., nociceptive score for mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal hyperalgesia). Furthermore, BVA treatment significantly suppressed adjuvant induced Fos expression in the lumbar spinal cord at 3 weeks post-adjuvant injection. However, BVE treatment (0.05 mg/kg/day) has not any anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effect on RA. Based on the present results, we demonstrated that BVA might be a effective fraction in whole BV for long-term treatment of RA-induced pain and inflammation. However, it is clear necessary that further fraction study about BVA was required for elucidating an effective component of BVA.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.9.1-9.11
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• 2021

Background: Scalding burn injuries can occur in everyday life but occur more frequently in young children. Therefore, it is important to develop more effective burn treatments. Objectives: This study examined the effects of bee venom (BV) stimulation on scalding burn injury-induced nociception in mice as a new treatment for burn pain. Methods: To develop a burn injury model, the right hind paw was immersed temporarily in hot water (65℃, 3 seconds). Immediately after the burn, BV (0.01, 0.02, or 0.1 mg/kg) was injected subcutaneously into the ipsilateral knee area once daily for 14 days. A von Frey test was performed to assess the nociceptive response, and the altered walking parameters were evaluated using an automated gait analysis system. In addition, the peripheral and central expression changes in substance P (Sub P) were measured in the dorsal root ganglion and spinal cord by immunofluorescence. Results: Repeated BV treatment at the 2 higher doses used in this study (0.02 and 0.1 mg/kg) alleviated the pain responses remarkably and recovered the gait performances to the level of acetaminophen (200 mg/kg, intraperitoneal, once daily), which used as the positive control group. Moreover, BV stimulation had an inhibitory effect on the increased expression of Sub P in the peripheral and central nervous systems by a burn injury. Conclusions: These results suggest that a peripheral BV treatment may have positive potency in treating burn-induced pain.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2003

Objective : In order to study the effects of bee venom(BV) on the pain, edema, and acute inflammatory reactant of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) patients. Methods : Patients with RA who met the ACR(American College of Rheumatology) 1987 revised criteria for the diagnosis of RA were treated with the BV therapy twice a week for 3 months. Tender joint counts, swollen joint counts, Visual analog scale(VAS), morning in stiffness, ESR, C-reactive protein(CRP) were analyzed before and after BV therapy. Results : The results as follows: 1. Tender joint counts in patients after BV therapy were significantly lower than those before BV therapy($9.0{\pm}7.9$ vs $15{\pm}11.4$, p=0.002). 2. Swollen joint counts of the patients after BV therapy were significantly lower than those before BV therapy ($5.0{\pm}6.1$ vs $1.5{\pm}2.3$, p=0.001). 3. VAS in patients after BV therapy was significantly lower than before BV therapy($60.8{\pm}17.6$ vs $38.0{\pm}15.9$, p=0.000). 4. Duration of morning stiffness in patients after BV therapy was significantly reduced compared with that before BV therapy($119.1{\pm}112.6min$ vs $59.0{\pm}89.7min$, p=0.009). 5. ESR and CRP were not significantly changed before and after BV therapy, suggesting BV itself could make inflammatory reaction as well as therapeutic effect. Conclusions: BV therapy improved tender joint counts, swollen joint counts and duration of morning stiffness in this study, and further study is needed in log-term effect of BV therapy.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.173-181
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to report the effects of electroacupuncture and bee venom (BV) acupuncture for a patient suffering with idiopathic peripheral neuropathy. There was a one patient who was diagnosed as idiopathic peroneal neuropathy and tibial neuropathy received electroacupuncture and BV acupuncture at acupoints on peroneal and tibial nerve pathway. The evaluation of clinical outcome was done by range of motion (ROM), manual muscle test (MMT), perimeter of lower leg, neuropathy pain scale (NPS). After treatment, the patient showed improvement in ROM and MMT. The patient's perimeter of lower leg was increased, NPS was decreased. This study suggests that the treatment of acupoints on the damaged nerve pathways could be an effective treatment for peripheral neuropathy, although further studies will be needed.