• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.59-63
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• 2008

Pressure sores are painful and needless complications of critical illness. and manifest as a localized area of ischemic necrosis of tissue caused by pressure. This study analyzed the bed-backrest elevation system combined with hip and knee flexion for lower extremity lower pressure reduction. Eight healthy adults aged 21 to 26 years were recruited. The Body Pressure Measurement Mat of the TekScan system was used to measure the location and magnitude of the peak pressures on the body bed interface. The SPSS statistical package was used to analyze the significance of differences between the general bed-backrest elevation system and the bed-backrest elevation system combined with hip and knee flexion using the paired t-test. The result showed that the body-pressure of the lower extremity was more significantly reduced for the bed-backrest elevation system combined with hip and knee flexion ($26.6{\pm}4.3$ mmHg) than a general bed-backrest elevation system ($37.3{\pm}5.2$ mmHg) (p<.05).

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.721-729
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• 1997

교량지점에서의 총세굴깊이는 세가지 성분 즉, 장기하상변동, 단면축소세굴, 그리고 국부세굴로 구성된다. 그러므로 장기하상변도의 분석은 교량지점에서의 총세굴깊이를 산정하는데 있어 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 CHARIMA모형과 HEC-6모형을 사용하여 남한강교 지점에서의 장기하상변동을 분석하였다. 분석결과, 5년 동안 정상류로 물이 흐를 경우 CHARIMA모형은 약 45cm의 하상고의 상승을 보여준 반면 HEC-6모형은 약 5cm정도 하상고가 저하되고 있음을 보여주었다. 5년 동안 부정류로 물이 흐를 경우 두 모형 모두 하상고가 심하게 변동됨을 보여주고 따라서 총세굴깊이 산정에 많은 영향을 미치고 있다. 그러므로 총세굴깊이를 적절하게 산정하기 위해서는 단면축소세굴과 국부세굴뿐만 아니라 장기하상변동 또한 정확히 산정해야 하겠다.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제20권1_2호
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• pp.197-208
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• 2006

This paper deals with the exact solution of surface gravity waves in an ocean with irregular bed topography. In order to obtain water surface elevation and run-up of infra-gravity waves when the bed is either wavy or exponential, closed form solutions are obtained. Numerical computations indicate that when solitary wave or sinusoidal wave conditions are applied at the boundary, water surface elevation attains near Gaussian profile.

• Water Engineering Research
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.99-109
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• 2003

Since bed elevation changes are mainly dependent on the flow velocity and corresponding shear stress, it is possible to predict bed elevation numerically using velocity components. For the scour analysis due to channel contraction, a bed load transport model is developed and applied to estimate scour depth around coffer dam in the Mississippi River. During Phase I of the Lock & Dam No. 26 replacement project, a coffer dam was constructed to reduce the flow area approximately by 50%. Flow velocity increases due to the flow area reduction yields significant lowering (erosion) of the channel bed elevation. The proposed numerical model solves the sediment continuity equation using the finite element method to evaluate scour process in the vicinity of the coffer dam

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.819-829
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• 2018

한강 하구 신곡수중보 하류에서 하상변동 조사를 실시하고 평균 하상고와 하상변동량을 계산하여 하상변동 경향에 대해 검토하였다. 저수로 하상변화에 초점을 맞추기 위해 부등류 계산을 통한 시행착오법으로 '저수로 만제 유량'을 설정하여 평균 하상고를 산정하였다. '평균 하상'을 기준으로 계산된 하상변동량 덕분에 여러 시기 하상을 일관된 기준으로 비교할 수 있었다. 한강 하구에서 하상변동 경향은 홍수에 따른 저하와 비홍수기 조석에 따른 상승의 순환으로 드러났다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.1219-1227
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• 2010

In this study, the sensitivity analysis of bed changes due to the various sediment transport equations have been conducted for 80 km reach of the Lower Nakdong River using the HEC-6 which is one dimensional numerical model. The bed elevation changes according to the different sediment transport formulas were compared and analyzed quantitatively. As a result of the numerical simulation, the final bed elevation calculated by Engelund and Hansen(1967), Ackers and White(1973), and Yang(1979) formulas was similar to one another in configuration. The bed change simulated by Engelund and Hansen(1967) were greatest among them, for example, 5.5 m deposition and 2.9 m erosion for 100 years. Also, in the case of Toffaleti (1969) equation, the maximum bed deposition of 8.04 m after 100 years was induced at the 73 km location upstream of the Nakdong River Estuary Barrage. Meyer-Peter-M$\ddot{u}$ller(1948) and Wilcock(2001) formulas produced the deposition only at the upstream end and there was little bed change in the downstream area. The unreal bed configuration of continuously up and down pattern was simulated by Laursen(1958) transport equation.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.25-34
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 만경강에서의 장기하상변동 모의를 실시하고 하상변동 이력을 분석하였다. 연구 대상 지역은 만경강의 중 하류 25 km 구간이다. 장기하상변동 모의를 위하여 HEC-RAS 프로그램을 사용하였으며 조도계수를 이용하여 모형을 보정하였다. 1986년부터 1993년까지의 기간과 1993년부터 2005년까지의 기간에 대하여 하상변동 모의를 수행하였으며, 실측된 하상고와의 비교분석을 실시하였다. MPM, Toffaleti, MPM-Toffaleti, Yang 공식의 네가지 유사이송 공식의 적용성을 평가하였다. 1986년부터 1993년까지의 기간에 대한 모의 결과, 네가지 공식 모두 실측치를 적절하게 모의하지 못하였다. 이는 모의구간 상류에서의 준설이 발생한 것으로 인한 결과이며 이후 기간에서 상류에서 퇴적이 활발이 진행되게 되는 결과를 초래하였다. 1993년 부터 2005년까지의 장기하상변동 모의는 MPM-Toffaleti의 공식이 모의를 적절히 수행해 냄을 확인하였다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.414-418
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• 2005

A finite element model is developed for the numerical simulation of bed elevation change in a curved channel. The SU/PG (Streamline-Upwind/Petrov-Galerkin) method is used to solve 2D shallow water equations and the BG (Bubnov-Galerkin) method is used for the Exner equation. For the time derivative terms, the Crank-Nicolson scheme is used. The developed model is a decoupled model in a sense that the bed elevation does not change simultaneously with the flow during the computational time step. The total load formula with is used for the sediment transport model. The slip conditions are described along the lateral boundaries. The effects of gravity force due to geometry change and the secondary flows in a curved channel are considered in the model. For the verification, the model is applied to two laboratory experiments. The first is $140^{\circ}$ bended channel data at Delft Hydraulics Laboratory and the second is $140^{\circ}$ bended channel data at Laboratory of Fluid Mechanics of the Delft University of Technology. The finite element grid is constructed with linear quadrilateral elements. It is found that the computed results are in good agreement with measured data, showing a point bar at the inner bank and a pool at the outer bank.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.15-25
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• 2017

Subi basin is located at the crestline of Taebaek mountains. This paper aims to elucidate the geomorphic development of Subi basin through the analysis of river terraces built in Wangpi-cheon and Banbyeon-cheon. Wangpi-cheon flows northeastward from Subi basin, and Banbyeon-cheon flows southward at the west of Subi basin. Absolute age of terrace is measured by means of OSL methodology, long profile of Wangpi-cheon is made up with 10m interval contour line, and the elevation above river bed of high terraces is measured at the end part of terrace. The results are as follow: Firstly, high river terraces of Subi basin, Wangpi-cheon and Banbyeon-cheon are formed about 40 kyr(MIS 3) being interstadial stage of last glacial period. Secondly, the elevation above river bed of high terraces of Wangpi-cheon and Banbyeon-cheon tends to increase toward upstream. It means that the uplift of Taebaek Mountains influences considerably the formation of their terraces. Thirdly, the elevation above river bed of high terraces at the reach from Seomchon to Suha-ri of Wangpi-cheon tends to decrease toward upstream. This section is captured from Banbyeon-cheon flowing in the opposite direction. River piracy has occurred from the time of formation of Suha-ri high terrace to the time of formation of Hantee wind gap. Finally, for fluvial system of Wangpi-cheon to establish dynamic equilibrium, topographic axis will move toward Banbyeon-cheon.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2001년도 학술발표회 논문집(II)
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• pp.721-726
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• 2001