• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제62권1호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2007

연구배경: 만성폐쇄성폐질환(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD) 환자군에서 우울증 및 불안장애의 유병률이 높고, 이는 치료경과 및 사망률에도 영향을 주는 것으로 알려져 있다. 저자들은 국내연구가 미비한 COPD환자들의 우울과 불안심리에 대한 평가를 하고자 하였다. 방 법: 2005년 9월부터 2006년 8월까지 이화의료원 호흡기내과에서 외래치료 중인 72명의 COPD환자와 정상 대조군 50명에서 Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)와 State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)로 설문조사를 시행하였고, 임상기록을 분석하였다. 결 과: 1) 연령과 체질량지수, 혈청 알부민 수치는 환자군과 대조군간의 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>0.05). 우울심리는 BDI점수가 환자군 16(0-37), 대조군 12(1-30)으로 환자군에서 유의하게 높았고(p=0.001), 21점 이상의 우울집단은 환자군이 36%로 대조군 6%에 비해 많았다(p<0.0001). 환자군에서는 경증군 18%(4/22), 중등증군 30%(6/20), 중증군 52%(13/25), 심한 중증군 60%(3/5)로 중증일수록 빈도가 높았다(p=0.008). 2) 불안심리는 환자군에서 SAI 점수 44(20-67), TAI점수 47(20-66)로 각각 대조군 39(26-65), 44(33-90)보다 유의하게 높았다(p=0.005, p=0.022). 환자군에서 BDI와 STAI점수는 상관관계를 보였고(p<0.001), 우울집단에서 불안점수가 유의하게 높았다. 3) COPD환자군에서 우울집단은 비우울집단보다 체질량지수, 기관지확장제후 $FEV_1$의 예측치가 유의하게 낮았고, 현재 흡연자의 비율과 중증도, STAI점수가 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 4) 연령과 성별을 통제한 다변량 로지스틱 회귀분석상 95% 신뢰구간으로 비차비는 체질량지수 0.9(p=0.311), 현재 흡연자 3.2(p=0.051), 중증군이상 3.9로(p=0.027), 중증이상의 중증도가 유일한 우울증 발생의 독립적 위험요인이었다. 결 론: COPD환자군에서 우울증과 불안심리가 흔하게 관찰되며, 체질량지수, 폐기능, 현재 흡연력이 우울관련 요인으로 특히 중증도가 높을수록 우울증과 불안장애의 관리가 필요함을 보여주었다.

• 신경정신의학
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.154-161
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• 2014

Objectives This study was conducted in order to investigate characteristics of temperament, depression, anxiety, attention, and impulsivity in adult males with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and internet addiction tendency. Methods The survey participants were 181 (121 patients and 60 healthy control subjects) adult males older than 19 years of age in Chung-Ang University Hospital and Gongju National Hospital. Subjects were divided according to ADHD with internet addiction tendency (AI), pure adults with ADHD (AD), and healthy control subjects (HC). All groups completed the Adult ADHD Scale (AADHD), Wender-Utah ADHD Rating Scale (WUADHD), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Korean Version of Young Internet Addiction Scale (YIAS-K), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) and Temperament Character Inventory-Revised Short version for identification of relationship between ADHD and internet addiction tendency. Results AI groups were found to have higher AADHD, WUADHD, BDI, YIAS-K, and Novelty Seeking scores, compared to the AD and HC groups. The Cooperativeness score of the AI group was significantly lower than that of the AD group and HC group. The BAI and BIS scores of the AI group and AD group were significantly higher than those of the HC group. The Self-Directedness scores of the AI group and AD group were decreased, compared to the HC group. YIAS-K scores were partially related to BDI scores in the AI group. Conclusion The results of this study indicate an association of higher score of BDI with internet addiction tendency in adult patients with ADHD. Management of temperament characteristics, depression, anxiety, attention, and impulsivity may be important for adults with ADHD and internet addiction tendency.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.72-85
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• 2021

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation of the scores on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-I (STAI-I), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-II (STAI-II), Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI), and Core Seven Emotions Inventory-short form (CSEI-s) scales with pain improvement. Methods: We retrospectively investigated the medical records of 66 traffic accident inpatients who satisfy the selection criteria. They had received Korean medical treatment including acupuncture, electroacupuncture, pharmacopuncture, herbal medicine, and Chuna during hospitalization. STAI-II, BDI, and CSEI-s scores on hospital day 1, and STAI-I and numerical rating scale(NRS) scores on hospital day 1, 4, 7, and 10 were used for analysis. Pain improvement was evaluated by difference in NRS scores between hospital day 1 and hospital day 4, 7, 10. Results: The STAI-I, BDI, and CSEI-s scores showed significant correlations with pain or pain improvement. Conclusions: This study may be used in the research on psychological state and pain management of traffic accident patients and for patient education. Large-scale, well-designed studies need to be conducted in future to strengthen the results in this regard.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2008

Objective : Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) has been established as an effective treatment for patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the literature is unclear as to whether EMDR is effective in the treatment of other psychiatric disorders. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential use of EMDR in the treatment of psychiatric disorders other than PTSD by using a clinician's impression of patient response and a subjective symptom evaluation. Methods : Seventeen diagnostically heterogenous patients without PTSD underwent an average of 4.3 sessions of EMDR. Symptom severity was assessed by the Clinical Global Impression-Change Scale (CGIC), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Symptom Checklist-90- Revised (SCL-90-R) before and after EMDR. Those whose CGI-C scores were 'very much improved' and 'much improved' after EMDR were classified as 'responders.' The patients' before and after treatment scores of symptom severity and group differences were compared. Results : Twelve of the 17 participants (12/17, 71%) were classified as 'responders.' The patients' scores on all of the scales, with the exception of the trait anxiety scale and obsession-compulsion scale of the SCL- 90-R, significantly decreased after treatment. There was no difference in sociodemographic and clinical variables between the responders and non-responders. Conclusion : The results of our study suggest that EMDR can be a promising candidate for the treatment of patients with psychiatric disorders other than PTSD, and thus further controlled studies are needed to determine whether EMDR can be applied to various psychiatric populations.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.54-60
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• 2013

Objectives : Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is classified as an anxiety disorder. PTSD occurrence is known to be increased in middle-aged and older people, female, and individuals with a previous history of psychiatric disorders, lower education levels, low socioeconomic status, and severely injured patients. Anxiety symptoms are also related to later development of PTSD. In this study, we investigate the influences of injury severity and sociodemographic factors on severe anxiety in PTSD patients with no previous history of psychiatric disorders. Methods : Forty-one PTSD patients without previous history of psychiatric disorders were recruited from the psychiatric clinic at Chosun University Hospital. Subjects underwent psychiatric and physical examinations including the Injury Severity Score (ISS), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Korean-Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (K-WAIS). We defined severe anxiety as a BAI scores of 30 or more. Logistic regression analyses and multi-step model selection were applied to identify predictive factors for severe anxiety. Results : In univariate analysis, age, ISS, and socioeconomic status were found to be significant factors. Through multivariate logistic regression analyses and a stepwise model selection, we found the combination of age and ISS to be the best-fitted model for affecting severe anxiety in PTSD patients without a previous history of psychiatric disorders. Conclusion : Our findings suggest that the combination of age and ISS could develop severe anxiety in PTSD patients with no previous history of psychiatric disorders.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.48-55
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• 2022

Objective : Childhood trauma is a risk factor for and resilience is a protective factor against later affective symptoms. The current study aimed to explore the relation between childhood trauma and anxiety symptoms and the mediating effect of resilience in a sample of college students. Methods : Data from 238 subjects who completed the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) were analyzed. Predictors for BAI score and factor analyzed anxiety symptom dimensions were examined using regression models. Path analytic models were applied to test the mediating effect of the CD-RICS score on BAI score. Results : The CTQ score was significantly associated with the BAI score and the mediating effect of CD-RISC was significant as well. The cognitive dimension of anxiety was related to emotional abuse while the somatic dimension of anxiety to physical neglect. The CD-RISC score did not mediate those relations between anxiety dimensions and individual types of childhood trauma. Conclusion : Our data suggest that childhood trauma contributes to adult anxiety symptoms. There may be specific relations between types of childhood trauma and anxiety symptoms dimensions.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2015

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the psychiatric characteristics of outpatients with tinnitus. Methods A total of 88 subjects were included in this study. According to Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) scores, the subjects were classified into two group ; a mild tinnitus symptoms (mild-tinnitus) group and a severe tinnitus symptoms (severe-tinnitus) group. A questionnaire was used for an assessment of demographic characteristics, and the THI, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) about tinnitus, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) are applied for evaluation of other clinical psychiatric characteristics. Results Higher THI scores were positively correlated with tinnitus course, the number of accompanying symptoms, and the VAS. BDI total scores, BDI factors, and BAI total scores were significantly higher in the severe-tinnitus group than in the mild-tinnitus group. Also suicidal ideation, interpersonal problems, sleep problems, occupational impairment, and fatigue were significantly higher in the severe-tinnitus group than in the mild-tinnitus group. Conclusions Tinnitus is a common disorder of hearing which is associated frequently with psychiatric problems. This study suggests that psychiatric interventions should be taken into consideration in the treatment of patients suffering from tinnitus.

• Psychiatry investigation
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.1053-1063
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• 2018

Objective This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Korean Anxiety Screening Assessment (K-ANX) developed for screening anxiety disorders. Methods Data from 613 participants were analyzed. The K-ANX was evaluated for reliability using Cronbach's alpha, item-total correlation, and test information curve, and for validity using focus group interviews, factor analysis, correlational analysis, and item characteristics based on item response theory (IRT). The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the K-ANX were compared with those of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7). Results The K-ANX showed excellent internal consistency (${\alpha}=0.97$) and item-total coefficients (0.92-0.97), and a one-factor structure was suggested. All items were highly correlated with the total scores of the BAI, GAD-7, and Penn State Worry Questionnaire. IRT analysis indicated the K-ANX was most informative as a screening tool for anxiety disorders at the range between 0.8 and 1.6 (i.e., top 21.2 to 5.5 percentiles). Higher sensitivity (0.795) and specificity (0.937) for identifying anxiety disorders were observed in the K-ANX compared to the BAI and GAD-7. Conclusion The K-ANX is a reliable and valid measure to screen anxiety disorders in a Korean sample, with greater sensitivity and specificity than current measures of anxiety symptoms.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.133-152
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Sihogayonggolmoryeo-tang on the anxiety of Hwa-byung. Methods : In this randomized, double blinded, placebo-controlled study, we planned to give Sihogayonggolmoryeo-tang or controlled medication for anxiety of Hwa-byung. Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) was measured as the 1st evaluative instrument, and Korean State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-K), Likert scale for major symptom of Hwa-byung, Hwa-Byung Scale Score, Korean Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI-K), Korean State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI-K), Insomnia severity Index (ISI), Instrument of Oriental Medical Evaluation for Hwa-Byung, WHO Quality of Life Avvreviated (WHOQOL-BREF), genral self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Inventory (SRE) and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) were also measured as the 2nd evaluative instrument before treatment. Results : Clinical characteristics-vital signs and demographic characteristics showed no significant difference between both groups. The characteristics of disease-chief complaint, pattern Identification, period, etiological factor, and etc, also showed similarity of distribution in both groups. The results of Chest PA, EKG and clinicopathologic examination showed no significant difference between both groups. There were no significant difference between both groups in all valuation scales; HAM-A was measured as the first evaluative instrument, and STAI-K, Likert scale for major symptom of Hwa-byung, Hwa-Byung Scale Score, BDI-K, STAXI-K, ISI, Instrument of Oriental Medical Evaluation for Hwa-Byung, WHOQOL-BREF, GSES, SRE and HRV. Conclusions : We considered that establishment of the experimental group and controlled group was objective and worth conducting this research. In addition, this methodology is expected to be applied to the subsequent research. Further, we hope to make up for this study through various study and discussion.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.151-157
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• 1997

본 연구는 이명환자들에서 스트레스지각 및 정신병리와 주관적 및 객관적 이명의 정도간의 관계를 알아보기 위해 시행되었다. 연구대상은 이비인후과외래에 내원한 43명의 이명환자들로 구성되었다. 스트레스지 각 및 정신병리를 평가하기 위해서 Global Assessment of Recent Stress Scale, Beck Depression Inventory 및 Symptom Checklist-90-Revision을 이용하였다 한편 주관적 이명의 정도는 이명의 심한 정도를 평가할 수 있는 Subjective Tinnitus Severity Inventory로, 객관적 이명의 정도는 이명강도검사(tinnitogram)를 사용하여 측정하였다. 대인관계와 질병 및 상해와 관련된 스트레스지각점수는 각각 주관적 이명의 정도와 유의한 양상관성을 보였다. 또한 신체화 강박증, 대인예민, 우울, 불안, 공포, 편집증, 정신증척도점수는 주관적 이명의 정도와 유의한 양상관성을 보였다. 반면 스트레스지각 및 정신병리는 객관적 이명강도와 유의한 상관성을 보이지 않았다. 이 결과는 이명이 스트레스 및 다양한 정신병리와 연관되어 있음을 시사한다. 따라서 이런 환자들에 대한 평가 및 치료에 있어서 정신사회적 개입은 물론 이비인후과의사 및 일차 진료의 들과의 효과적인 자문조정활동의 필요성이 강조된다.