• KIEAE Journal
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 2015

Building has required the repair money to improve or maintain the decent living condition continuously after construction. It needs to grasp the building deterioration to decide the scope and contents before it is repaired. Under various conditions such as physical, social and financial constraints, the repair plan would be prepared. Among constraints, the cost is indispensible to specify the repair time, repair scope and target. The required cost would be planned to preparation over the years. In this paper, it aimed at providing the repair strategy of the public rental housing in repair time, using the cumulative cost model which is $3^{rd}$ function. In the $3^{rd}$ function, the inflection point should exist in the line. And there are two types in the cumulative model, First, if the maximum cost be shown, the repair time would be provided. Second, if the maximum cost not be shown, the cumulative function should be proportionally increased and the repair strategy is properly provided with a short cycle. In results of this study, 11 items would provide the repair time. These cumulative function would be repaired about 4 years after constructed, and after about 4 years, the cumulative function would be continuously increased.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.55-61
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• 2018

Chronic lateral ankle instability is a major complication of acute ankle sprains, which can cause discomfort in both daily and sports activity. In addition, it may result in degenerative changes to the ankle joint in the long term. An accurate diagnostic approach and successful treatment plan can be established based on a comprehensive understanding of the concept of functional and mechanical instability. The patients' history and correct physical examination would be the first and most important step. The hindfoot alignment, competence of the lateral ligaments, and proprioceptive function should be evaluated. Additional information can be gathered using standard and stress radiographs. In addition, concomitant pathologic conditions can be investigated by magnetic resonance imaging. Conservative rehabilitation composed of the range of motion, muscle strengthening, and proprioceptive exercise is the main treatment for functional instability and mechanical instability. Regarding the mechanical instability, surgical treatment can be considered for irresponsible patients after a sufficient period of rehabilitation. Anatomic repair (modified $Brostr{\ddot{o}}m$ operation) is regarded as the gold standard procedure. In cases with poor prognostic factors, an anatomical reconstruction or additional procedures can be chosen. For combined intra-articular pathologies, arthroscopic procedures should be conducted, and arthroscopic lateral ligament repair has recently been introduced. Regarding the postoperative management, early functional rehabilitation with short term immobilization is recommended.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.89-101
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• 2003

For the pre-feasibility study and project evaluation, the discount rate or cutoff rate should be given by the government authority. To get the Benefit/Cost Ratio, NPV(Net Present Value) and IRR(Internal Rate of Return) of the public investment projects, the pertinent and realistic discount rate should be determined to be suitable to the present time period. The cut-off rates in Korea were equivalent to 15% in 1970's, 10% in 1980's and 8% in 1990's. The prevailing rate of discount as 8% is considered not to be suitable for the 2000's public project appraisal considering the present interest rates on deposit and national bonds. To determine the socio-economic feasibility of the public projects, the IRR should be bigger than the present cutoff rate. When we still use the high old rate of discount, the analytical results of project appraisal will show always economically unfeasible. Therefore the new rate of discount suitable for present time should be determined by the government. The public projects to be implemented in 2000 year onward are recommended to be adapted 5% of cutoff rate for the project appraisal and evaluation according to the results of reviewing the tendency of discount rates and market rates of interest in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.28A no.12
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• pp.31-38
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• 1991

The current-voltage characteristics at annealed Be-Cu alloy(1.8-2 wt% Be, 0.2 wt% Co+Ni) interfaces have been studied by means of the cyclic voltammetric method. The specimens were annealed in nitrogen gas($N_{2}$) furnace at 36$0^{\circ}C$ for 1.5 hours. After annealing, the vickers hardness(HV) was increased from 210 to 385. The used solutions were distilled water(H$_{2}$O), 10$^{-3}M\;CsNO_{2},10^{-2}M\;KCl,10^{-2}M\;KOH,10^{-4}M\;H_{2}SO_{4}$ aqueous electrolytes, and ethylalcohol ($C_{2}H_{5}OH$), etc. The cyclic voltammograms showed significant current-voltage characteristics between the annealed and unannealed specimens at the same conditions. The age hardening and the related surface potential barrer and dissolution effects have been observed during the whole experimental process. The dissolution process of annealed Be-Cu alloys was effectively retarded by the age hardening phenomenon. The age hardening effect also raised the surface potential barrier of Be-Cu alloys. The interfacial phenomena of Be-Cu alloys seem to be one of good models for understanding the activation process.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.76-81
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• 2002

The characteristics of the track are important concerning the mobility of tracked vehicles. It can be represented in terms of the track tension and maintaining the track tension adequately guarantees the stable and improved driving of the tracked vehicles. The track tension must be known in order to be controlled and it needs to be estimated in real-time because it is difficult to be measured. The tension around idler and sprocket can be controlled by the frizzy logic control system base on the estimated values. Dynamic Track Tensioning System(DTTS) which is estimating and controlling the track tension. In this paper, simulation tool is developed in order to apply the DTTS to real battle tanks. To construct the simulation tool, the Modeling the tracked vehicle, constructing estimation system, and designing controller should be achieved first and then all subsystem should be organized in one. The simulation tool make the RecurDyn model of tracked vehicle, which is plant model, and the control system exchange their data simultaneously. Simulation with many kinds of driving conditions and road conditions is carried out and the results are interpreted. The interpretation provides necessary information to apply the DTTS to real battle tanks.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.93-103
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the actual performance of Korean firefighter's clothing through comparisons with protective clothing used in the United State, surveys of firefighter's opinion, and experiments on the material used in Korean firefighter's clothing. The paper presents experimental results as well as ways to improve current standards. The major results are as follows: 1. Korean protective clothing is too thin and too heavy. Thicker, lighter, and more heat- resistant fabric and a lighter trim should be used. 2. Korean protective clothing is not very water-resistant. A Water-resistant outershell and an innerliner which are made of air permeable and water resistant fabric must be used. 3. Korean protective clothing's outershell and innerliner should be made of fabric that is more heat-resistant, flame-resistant, and chemical resistant. 4. Protective clothing should be more brightly colored and its reflective tape should have greater reflectivity to make firefighters more visible. 5. The fastner currently used in Korean protective clothing consists of Velcro, a button, and a D-ring which can not be opened and closed quickly. A better fastener would have just velcro and a zipper. 6. The uniform for Korean firefighters consists of only a protective coat and boots. Protective trousers should be added to the standard uniform. Also, a thermal harrier should be used in winter to protect firefighters from the cold. 7. Korean firefighters should be provided with their own personal sets of protective clothing to ensure a proper fit.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.19
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• pp.35-57
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• 1992

This study is an attempt to provide some helpful data for the design and the implementation of the expert system for the book-classification based on the analysis of various cases of the classification-expert system models. Following the introduction, the concepts and some features of an expert system were overviewed in the second chapter, on the basis of which the following concrete cases were introduced and analyzed in the third chapter : (1) ACN System for NC, (2) Expert System for NDC, (3) Expert System for UDC, (4) Herba Medica System, (5) Expert System for IPC, (6) Stratcyclode Project, (7) Expert System for Classification of INIS Database, (8) AutoBC System, and etc. In the conclusion, for the development of the classification-expert system, it was turned out that constructing a new system by using an AI language such as Prolog or LISP is more desirable than employing any one of expert system shells. Together it is necessary for the following requirements to be met : (1) The subject concept of a document elicited should be accurate. (2) Not only a domain knowledge but also the knowledge covering all the subjects should be represented in the knowledge-bases. (3) The knowledge-bases should be organized in such a way that the characteristics of the knowledge about classification should be well defined. (4) rule-base consisting of accurate rules about classification should be made. (5) It should be possible for classification code wanted to be generated immediately.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2014

In recent times, the demand for edible medication for the treatment of hyperpigmentation has increased significantly. Therefore, the discovery of a stable, safe and inexpansive antimelanogenic component from natural substances, such as grains, is of particular interest. The levels and activities of some metabolites and/or enzymes can be increased. In the present study, we investigated the antimelanogenic effects of water-soluble extracts from barley (BE), malt (ME) and germinated barley (GBE) in melan-a cells. The inhibitory effects of ME and GBE on melanin production were significantly greater than that of BE. Interestingly, the content of ferulic acid, the proposed active component of barley, was also higher in ME and GBE than in BE by HPLC analysis. Western blot analysis of the expression of melanogenic enzymes in melan-a cells treated with BE, ME or GBE indicated the expression of both tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP-2) significantly decreased after treatment with BE, ME or GBE. These results suggest that besides BE, ME and GBE also inhibit melanin production most likely through suppression of tyrosinase and TRP-2 expression. ME and GBE were more efficacious at inhibiting melanin production than BE was and may also represent potential skin-whitening agents.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.13
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• pp.60-71
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• 1997

A study was performed for combination active process between the academical theory and practical design process based on creative thinking process in interior desigv. At first, it was investigated the concepts and characteristics of creativity combined with creativite process of thinking, and also scientific and art characteristics on interior design to be educated together with logical and esthetical concepts required for creative thinking process. In reference with above process, it was systematically established stepwise process of interior design with creative thinking system. As a resualt, creativity in interior design could develop a unique design process combined informations about knowledge and experiences with actual acquirements by individual's experiences. So interior design could be approachable and developed with open-mind and consistently scientific methodology. Also creativity power of interior design could be solved by strategic knowledge acquired by practical experiences and problem solving capability in special branches. Like this, all design activities, including interior design, would be accomplished theoretical background and actual design process under the concepts of practical intension and use. So it would be made creative products by means of detail adapation process based on the theoretical atmosphere, therefore it'll be strongly based on the hardnessing of theoretical value and power. Theory for design process referred to environmental concepts, so including interior design, would not be terminated as for theoretical concepts but be responsible for future of well-developed design by accomplishment of various design adaption method for practical purpose and objectives.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.27
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• pp.391-421
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• 1997

Information scientists need not to answer whether future libraries will be a digital library or not, but to answer how they are structured and served effectively to users currently. 'The library with walls' or 'the library as place' need to be existed in the future, but 'digital library without the wall' or 'virtual library' will need to be studied continuously. This study has tried to reveal the existing problems of digital libraries and their future environment after considering the ambiguous concepts of various types of electronic libraries and their efforts for library automation, and the changed information retrieval circumstances during the last 30 to 40 years through a qualitative document study. As a result, the major findings and suggestions are prepared. The library of the future will be a part of local and national cooperative systems, be filled with the intelligent use of old and new technologies, and be able to su n.0, pport both a place with extensive collections and convenient, easy, & free access to remote intellectual resources. Also, the information storage and retrieval (ISAR) to the future library system would easily provide users with any types of data retrieval system by anybody rather than by an expert or a specialist, so called 'A&E retrieval' in the coming 21th century. It will be highly possible that the future society changes to the information marketplace whose data may be recognized as an intangible assets.