• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.3073-3076
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• 2012

Terpinen-4-ol is a terpene found in the rhizome of Plai (Zingiber montanum (Koenig) Link ex Dietr.). In this study apoptogenic activity and mechanisms of cell death induced by terpinen-4-ol were investigated in the human leukemic MOLT-4 cell line. Terpinen-4-ol exhibited cytotoxicity in MOLT-4 cells, with characteristic morphological features of apoptosis by Wright's staining. The mode of cell death was confirmed to be apoptosis by flow cytometric analysis after staining with annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide. A sub-G1 peak in DNA histograms of cell cycle assays was observed. Terpinen-4-ol induced-MOLT-4 cell apoptosis mediated through an intrinsic pathway involving the loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MTP) and release of cytochrome c into the cytosol. In addition, terpinen-4-ol also induced apoptosis via an extrinsic pathway by caspase-8 activation resulting in the cleavage of cytosolic Bid. Truncated-Bid (tBid) translocated to mitochondria and activated the mitochondrial pathway in conjunction with down-regulation of Bcl-2 protein expression. Caspase-3 activity also increased. In conclusion, terpinen-4-ol can induce human leukemic MOLT-4 cell apoptosis via both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.216-224
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• 2011

Capsosiphon fulvescens is well-known green sea algae that, in recent years, has been proposed as a potential anticancer drug. In this study, we found that C. fulvescens glycoprotein (Cf-GP) had pro-apoptotic effects on human gastric carcinoma cells. By SDS-PAGE, we confirmed that C. fulvescens extract contained a glycoprotein. Using H33342 staining, we found that the Cf-GP caused cell death in a does-dependent manner, while an MTS assay showed decreased cellular viability due to induction of apoptosis. To determine the effect of Cf-GP on apoptosis-related cellular events, cells were treated with Cf-GP and the expression of several apoptosis-related protein was determined by Western blotting. Our results indicate that Cf-GP activated both a caspase cascade and PARP, which is a substrate of caspase-3, caspase-8 and the Bcl-2 family proteins. In addition, we assessed caspase-3, and -8 activation and annexin V staining. Our results revealed a cell cycle arrest, itself leading to an increased percentage of sub-G1 cells. Our findings indicate that Cf-GP may be a source of bio-functional material with therapeutic effects on human gastrointestinal cancer.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.42-66
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• 2008

Aconiti Tuber is a traditional medicinal plant generally used in Oriental medicine therapy. In this study, we investigated the biochemical mechanisms of anti-proliferative effects by the methanol extract of Aconiti tuber (MEBJ) in Caki-1 human renal cell carcinoma cells. It was found that MEBJ could inhibit, in a dose-dependent manner, cell growth which was associated with apoptotic cell death such as formation of apoptotic bodies, DNA fragmentation and increased populations of apoptotic-sub G1 phase. Apoptosis of Caki-1 cells by MEBJ was associated with an up-regulation of pro-apoptotic Bax expression, and a down-regulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 in a dose-dependent manner; however, the levels of IAP family were not affected. MEBJ treatment also induced the proteolytic activation of caspase-3 and -8, and a inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and $PLC{\gamma}1$ protein. Furthermore, MEBJ treatment caused a dose-dependent inhibition of iNOS and cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2). Though further studies will be needed to identify the active compounds that confer the anti-cancer activity of MEBJ, the present findings provide important new insights into the possible molecular mechanisms of the apoptotic activity of MEBJ in cancer cells.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.209-215
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• 2016

Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth. (Bignoniaceae) is a flowering plants in South, Central and West Africa and commonly known as the sausage tree (Eng.); worsboom (Afr.); umVunguta, umFongothi (Zulu); Modukguhlu (North Sotho); Muvevha (Venda). The dried, powdered fruits are used as dressing for wounds and ulcers, haemorrhoids, rheumatism, purgative, skin-firming, lactation in breast-feeding mothers. The aim of this study is to investigate the cytotoxic and apoptotic potentials of 70% ethanolic extracts of Kigelia africana fruits in HCT116 human colon cancer cells. Treatment of Kigelia africana fruits with various concentrations resulted in a sequence of characteristic of apoptosis, including loss of cell viability and morphological changes. Flow cytometry analysis showed Kigelia africana fruits increased the sub-G1 phase (apoptosis) population. Apoptosis confirmed by annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate and propidium iodide double staining in HCT116 human colon cancer cell lines. Moreover, analysis of the mechanism indicated that Kigelia africana fruits showed an increased Bax and Bcl-2 expressions in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in activation of hallmarks of apoptotic events, caspase-3, caspase-9 and cleaved poly-ADP-ribose polymerase. This is the first report to demonstrate the cytotoxicity of Kigelia africana fruits on HCT116 human colon cancer cells.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.436-441
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• 2009

The final bio-metabolites of lipid peroxidation (LPO) such as 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and malondialdehyde (MDA) have been suggested to mediate the oxidative stress-linked pathological incidences. Natural phytochemicals such as polyphenolic compounds in green tea have been known in preventing the LPO induced cellular growth inhibition and apoptosis. We investigated that green tea ethanol extracts (GTE) inhibit LPO-induced apoptosis in ECV 304 cells. GTE had time- or dose-dependent anti-apoptotic effects as evidenced by changes in cell morphology, MTT assay, DNA fragmentation, LPO production, and the Western blotting for apoptotic expression. In the 4-HNE-induced apoptosis model, GTE $10-20{\mu}g/mL$ decreased cell death through decreasing LPO production. GTE protected 4-HNE induced apoptosis, as evidence with down regulation of mitochondrial signaling such as cytochrome C and caspase-3 activity. GTE increased bcl2, survival signaling protein, compared to 4-HNE alone within 6 hr incubation. Since polyphenols in GTE are effective antioxidants in endothelial ECV 304 cells, we suggested that natural polyphenols might be anti-atherosclerotic.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.121-130
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• 2014

Objectives : I investigated whether bee venom inhibit cell growth through enhancement of death receptor expressions in the human lung cancer cells, NCI-H460. Methods : Bee venom(1-5 ${\mu}g/ml$) inhibited the growth of NCI-H460 lung cancer cells by the induction of apoptotic cell death in a dose dependent manner. Results : Consistent with apoptotic cell death, expression of TNF-R1, TNF-R2, FAS, death receptors(DR) 3, 4, 5 and 6 was increased in the cells. Expression of DR downstream pro-apoptotic proteins including Caspase-8, -3, -9 was upregulated and Bax was concomitantly overwhelmed the expression of Bcl-2. NF-kB were inhibited by treatment with bee venom in NCI-H460 cells through TNF response change led by TNF-R1 and TNF-R2. Conclusions : These results suggest that bee venom should exert anti-tumor effect through induction of apoptotic cell death in NCI-H460 human lung cancer cells via enhancement of death receptor expression, and that bee venom could be a promising agent for preventing and treating lung cancer.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.57-70
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• 2013

This study was to investigated the effects of the bee venom on inhibition of cell growth via upregulation of death receptor expression in the A549 human lung cancer cells. Bee venom(1-5 ${\mu}g$/ml) inhibited the growth of A549 lung cancer cells by the induction of apoptotic cell death in a dose dependent manner. Consistent with apoptotic cell death, expression of TNFR1, Fas, death receptors(DR) 3, 4 and 6 was increased in the cells. Expression of DR downstream pro-apoptotic proteins including caspase-3, -9 and Bax was concomitantly increased, but the expression of Bcl-2, NF-${\kappa}B$ were inhibited by treatment with bee venom in A549 cells. Moreover, deletion of DR3, DR4 by small interfering RNA significantly reversed bee venom-induced cell growth inhibitory effect, whereas Apo3L strengthened anti-proliferative effect of bee venom through enhancement of DR3 expression. These results suggest that bee venom should exert anti-tumor effect through induction of apoptotic cell death in lung cancer cells via enhancement of death receptor expression, and that bee venom could be a promising agent for preventing and treating lung cancer.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.202-205
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• 2020

Trichoepithelioma is a benign hair follicle tumor that can undergo malignant transformation into basal cell carcinoma in rare cases. Due to the similar clinical and histological features of trichoepithelioma and basal cell carcinoma, distinguishing between these types of tumors can be a diagnostic challenge. Punch biopsy obtains only a small sample of the entire lesion, and thus inherently involves a risk of misdiagnosis between histologically similar diseases. Therefore, if the possibility of misdiagnosis can reasonably be suspected, clinicians should conduct an excisional biopsy or immunohistochemical staining (e.g., CD10 and Bcl-2) to ensure an exact diagnosis. Although trichoepithelioma is benign, the surgical excision of solitary trichoepithelioma should be considered in order to avoid the possibility of malignant transformation, which has occasionally been documented for multiple familial trichoepitheliomas. Herein, we report a case that was initially misdiagnosed as trichoepithelioma before ultimately being diagnosed as basal cell carcinoma through excision and immunohistochemical staining.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.1423-1430
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• 2009

Rosmarinic acid frequently found as a secondary metabolite in herbs and medicinal plants, has exhibited antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory activities. The proliferation and migration of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMC) in response to activation by various stimuli plays a critical role in the initiation and development of atherosclerosis. This study was conducted to examine the effects of Rosmarinic acid on the proliferation and migration of HASMC. Rosmarinic acid suppressed the proliferation of HASMC via induction of the expression of apoptotic proteins including cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), and caspase-3. Rosmarinic acid decreased anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and increased pro-apoptotic Bax. Moreover, treatment of rosmarinic acid decreased the G1/S cycle regulation proteins (cyclin D1, cyclin E, CDK2, CDK4 and CDK6) and increased p21, p27 and p53. Rosmarinic acid also blocked HASMC migration via suppression of MMP-9 and MMP-2. Taken together, these results indicate that rosmarinic acid has the potential for use as an anti-atherosclerosis agent.

• 대한한방피부미용학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.16-40
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• 2005

Objective : To study the effectiveness of Yangkyuksanhawtang against Allergic Contact Dermatitis I observed the change of cutaneous shape, histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and the distribution of apoptotic cells. materials and methods : I divided 4-month-old rats into three groups of 10, which are a contrastive group of having applied Acetone olive oil only, ACD group to have intentionally activated Allergic Contact Dermatitis by DNCB and YST group to give medication of Yangkyuksanhawtang extract. And I observed each group of mice after 24, 48 and 72 hours. results : 1. With the result of Contact hypersensitivity assay, YST group shows appreciably less ear swelling than ACD group. 2. Comparing YST and ACD groups to each other regarding general change of skin, YST group shows less hyperplasia of epidermis, less migration of inflammatory cells and less damage of epidermis than ACD group. 3. Regarding the change of collagen fiber, ACD group has appeared to be low in number of collagen fiber while YST shows similarity with the contrastive group. 4. In dermis YST group has showed lower number of mastocyte than ACD group and is granulated type. 5. In dermis YST group has showed less MAC-1, IL-1 , $IL-2R-\;{\alpha}$ G, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 than ACD group. 6. The distribution of apoptotic cells has appeared littler in YST group than in ACD 7. Among signal molecule of apoptosis Bcl-2 has distributed more in YST group than ACD group and Bax and Fas has distributed less in YST group than ACD group.