• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.41-49
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• 2013

This study finds out the aged consumers' needs on the developing elderly friendly and sensitive bathtub. This bathtub focuses on enhancement of multi-senses and enhancement of health, safety & convenience during bath. The enhancing multi-senses would have four functions; therapy with color and aroma, the massage with micro water bubbles, the visual and auditory with TV & cinema, and the auditory with music and radio. Also, enhancing others of bathtub would have seven functions; emergency bell, blood-pressure check system for health condition, water temperature indicator, keeping water warm, reading a book in that, and controlling of house entrance door and a getting the phone during bath. The aged consumers' needs find throughout a questionnaire survey, and 497 data was analyzed. The main results are as follow. They consider a full bath behavior as a healthcare. They have an intention to purchase or use the elderly and friendly bathtub, and they prefer using it in common facilities to using it at home. They highly need health related function of bathtub, which are massage (64.4%), blood-pressure check system (55.1%) and aroma therapy (45.7%). The emergency bell (67.0%), keeping water warm (62.2%), and water temperature indicator (49.7%), related to safety & information function of bathtub, are needed. Also, they think tolerance for error and low physical effort in bathtub design alternative, opening door and inside sitting support, to be important.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.22 no.2 s.80
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• pp.41-46
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• 2007

This paper considers the electrical shock risk of the human body due to underwater leakage current in such places of public baths. Many submerged electric facilities in a public bath may create a severe electric shock hazard for the human body, since wet body in an accidentally energized bathtub can result in low electrical resistance through the human body for leakage or fault currents. Therefore a major consideration, in the context of electrical safety underwater, is the shock risk to the bather as a result of electric current flowing through the water in bathtub. To assess the electric shock risk and to analyze the potential distribution in a bathtub, 2 different situation cases are set up, then experimental and simulation methods are adopted. The validity of 2 cases of simulation and experiment data in a bathtub for electric distribution underwater are compared and analyzed. Also electric shock risk assessment underwater in a real public bathtub by simulation program package, Flux 3D, was conducted herein, and the results are presented and discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.2747-2757
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• 2018

We consider the MLE (maximum likelihood estimate) and Bayesian estimates of three-parameter bathtub-shaped lifetime distribution based on the progressive type II censoring with binomial removal. Jung, Chung (2018) proposed the three-parameter bathtub-shaped distribution which is the extension of the two-parameter bathtub-shaped distribution given by Zhang (2004). Jung, Chung (2018) investigated its properties and estimations. The maximum likelihood estimates are computed using Newton-Raphson algorithm. Also, Bayesian estimates are obtained under the balanced loss function using MCMC (Markov chain Monte Carlo) method. In particular, BSEL (balanced squared error loss) function is considered as a special form of balanced loss function given by Zellner (1994). For comparing theirs MLEs with the corresponding Bayes estimates, some simulations are performed. It shows that Bayes estimates is better than MLEs in terms of risks. Finally, concluding remarks are mentioned.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.121-128
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• 1995

The object of this study is to analyze the actual use of and the problems of bathrooms in urban apartments which have two bathrooms. There are some problems with the present western style bathrooms which have three different facilities in the same room: a toilet, a bathtub, and a washstand. Twenty-five percent of the respondents use the bathtub as a water tank or a storage. A toil not combined with a bathtub as well as some dressing space are desired for the main bathroom. Many residents of young age satisfied with the bathroom attached to the badroom.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.22 no.1 s.79
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• pp.40-46
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• 2007

It is evaluated that electric shock risk in bath so that we made and designed a bathtub which is the same size in real public bath. And then, we did an experiment, provided of electric leakage in various conditions, so we measured how to form an electric potential and knew the electric potential is formed variously under exposed conductor in bath. Also, we made certain that electric shock risk is down if we insert an insulated pipe in bathtub pipe which is prevent from being formed the electric field sharply. The results show that the increased shock risk and safe distance are estimated by the bathtub of limited width and depth, and the voltage simulated on the basis of Flux 3D concept is compared with the measured value.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.37-40
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• 2006

This paper presents the evaluation electric shock risk In bath so that we made and designed a bathtub which is the same size in real public bath. and then we did an experiment, provided of electric leakage in various conditions so, we measured how to form an electric potential and knew the electric potential is formed variously under exposed conductor in bath. also we made certain that electric shock risk is down if we insert an insulated pipe in bathtub pipe which is prevent from being formed the electric field sharply.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.15-27
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• 2017

This paper introduces a two-parameter discrete distribution based on a continuous two-parameter bathtub distribution. It is the only two-parameter discrete distribution that shows a bathtub-shaped hazard function. Some statistical properties of the distribution are discussed. Three different methods are used to estimate its two unknown parameters. The point estimators of the parameters have no closed form. The bootstrap method is used to estimate the distributions of these point estimators. Different approximations of the interval estimations for the two-parameters are discussed. Real data sets are analyzed to show how this distribution works in practice. A simulation study is performed to investigate the properties of the estimations obtained and compare their performances.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.506-510
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• 2005

This study shows work on the properties of noise and vibration in Whirlpool bath and plan for its reduction. Totally through 3 steps. we found out the properties of noise and vibration. various anti-vibration design for an effeciency test is conducted. By Anti-vibration for the pump causing vibration, about 4dB(A) was reduced. Moreover. by anti-vibration construction fixing the bathtub frame. about 3db(A) could be reduced. In the case of anti-vibration construction about the wall around the bathtub. and spreading damping paint on the bathtub. the noise was reduced.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.51-60
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• 2002

This paper presents the methodology for obtaining point and interval estimating of the parameters of a new two-parameter distribution with multiple-censored and singly censored data (Type-I censoring or Type-II censoring) as well as complete data, using the maximum likelihood method. The basis is the likelihood expression for multiple-censored data. Furthermore, this model can be extended to a three-parameter distribution that is added a scale parameter. Then, the parameter estimation can be obtained by the graphical estimation on probability plot.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.270-276
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• 2006

In this study, heat loss through free surface of water contained in bathtub due to conduction and evaporation has been analyzed. As a result of this study, a relational equation has been derived based on the basic theory of heat transfer to evaluate the performance of bath tubes. The derived equation was rational and quantitative. The major heat loss was found to be due to evaporation. Moreover, it has been found out that the speed of heat loss depends more on the humidity of the bathroom than the temperature of water contained in the bathtub. So, it is best to maintain the temperature of bathtub water to be between 41 to $45^{\circ}C$ and the humidity of bathroom to be 95％.