• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.704-708
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• 2002

A fast and sensitive protein staining method in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) using both an acidic dye, Coomassie Brilliant Blue R-250 (CBBR) and a basic dye, Neutral Red (NR) is described. It is based on a counter ion-dye staining technique that employs oppositely charged two dyes to form an ion-pair complex. The selective binding of the free dye molecules to proteins in an acidic solution enhances the staining effect of CBBR on protein bands, and also reduces gel background. It is a rapid staining procedure, involving fixing and staining steps with short destaining that are completed in about 1 h. As the result, it showed two to fourfold increase in sensitivity comparing with CBBR staining. The stained protein bands can be visualized at the same time of staining.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.313.2-313.2
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• 2002

Environmentally benign protein staining method in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) using both an acidic dye, zincon (ZC) and a basic dye. ethyl violet (EV) is described. It is based on a counter ion-dye staining technique that employs oppositely charged two dyes to form an ion-pair complex. The selective binding of the free dye molecules to proteins in an acidic solution produces bluish violet colored bands. It is a rapid procedure, involving only fixin and staining steps that are completed in 45 min. (omitted)

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.1203-1209
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• 2005

Basic dyes, Rhodamine 6G(R6G), Rhodamine B(RB), and Methylene Blue(MB), dissolved in water were used to investigate single-component adsorption affinity to the pearl layer fractionated according to the size. Unfractionated pearl layers were also used as adsorbents for the R6G and RB. The Langmuir and the Redlich-Peterson(RP) models were used to fit the adsorption data, and the goodness of fit was examined by using determination coefficient($R^2$) and standard deviation(SSE). The 3-parameter RP model was found to be better in describing the dye adsorption data than the 2 parameter Langmuir model, as can be expected from the number of parameters involved in the model. The adsorption affinity to the fractionated pearl layer was higher than that to the unfractionated layer The affinity order to the fractionated Conchiolin layer was found to be R6G > MB > RB. Furthermore, the dye adsorption capacity of the various types of pearl layer was found to be in the order, the fractionated pearl > powdered pearl > unfractionated pearl, exhibiting different adsorption isotherms according to the types of layer used in the study.

• Applied Science and Convergence Technology
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.289-292
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• 2015

The etching processes of glass in aqueous hydrofluoric acid (HF) solutions were used to improve the current density of solar cell. In this study, the textured glass substrate has been etched by solution and the $TiO_2$ thin films have been prepared on this textured glass. After the $TiO_2$ film deposition the surface has been etched by HF under different concentration and the etched $TiO_2$ thin films had a longer electron lifetime and higher haze ratio as well as light scattering, resulting in 1.7 times increment of dye-sensitized solar-cell(DSSC) efficiency. Increases in the surface root-mean-square roughness of glass substrates from 80 nm to 1774 nm enhanced haze ratio in above 300 nm wavelength. In particular, haze ratio of etched $TiO_2$ films on textured glass showed gradually increasing tendency at 550 nm wavelength by increasing of HF concentration up to 10M, suggesting a formation of crater with various sizes on its surface.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.87-98
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• 1996

In this study, benzoxazolo carbocyanine dye was used as sensitizer for photographic emulsion, and the photographic characteristics were examined. The basic properties of sensitizer such as stability in various solvents were examined. The sensitizer was very stable in methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, dimethylformamide, and chloroform solution. Absorption spectra of benzoxazolo carbocyanine dye $2.5{\times}10^{-6}M$ and $5{\times}10^{-6}M$ concentrations in 10% aqueous methanol solutions containing $10^{-2}M$ potassium chloride show the monomer-J-aggregation characteristics. Compared to the absorption peak of the monomer in pure methanol solution, the red shifts of the monomer-J-aggregate peaks of benzoxazolo carbocyanine dye of $2.5{\times}10^{-6}M$ and $5{\times}10^{-6}M$ concentrations in 10% aqueous methanol solutions containing $10^{-2}M$ potassium chloride are 34nm respectively, and the sensitizing peak of benzoxazolo carbocyanine dye in photographic emulsion has red shift of 34nm. Therefore, if was concluded that benzoxazolo carbocyanine dye can be used as green sensitizing dye for the spectral sensitization of photographic emulsion.

• 멤브레인
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.129-136
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• 1995

본 연구는 에멀젼 액막을 이용한 염색 폐수 내의 염료 이온 제거에 관한 연구이다. Aliquat 336을 함유한 액막과 D2EHPA를 함유한 액막으로 각각 음이온성 염료와 양이온성 염료 제거에 관한 최적 조건을 확립하였으며, 이 조건하에서 실제의 염색 폐수 처리 실험을 행하였다. 직접 염료인 Sirius Red, 반응성 염료인 Reactofix Supra Blue 및 염기성 염료인 Apollo Blue를 대상으로 하여 막상의 계면활성제(Span 80)와 담체(Aliquat 336 or D2EHPA)의 농도, 내수상의 counter ion($Na_2SO_4$) 농도, 그리고 에멀젼 투여량 등을 변화시키며 염료 제거 실험을 행하였다. 반응 5분 후에 추출 평형에 도달하였으며, 각 염료에 대하여 색소 성분의 95% 이상을 제거할 수 있었다. 제막 조건에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 인자는 담체의 농도로서 일정량 이상의 담체는 막의 물질 전달 저항을 증가시켜 색도 제거 효과를 감소시킴을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 막상의 계면활성제의 양, 내수상의 counter ion의 양 및 투여 에멀젼의 양은 평형 도달 후의 최종 색도보다는 추출 속도에 더 큰 영향을 미침을 알 수 있었다. 실제 염색 폐수를 에멀젼 액막으로 2단계 처리한 결과 550nm에서의 흡광도를 초기 0.53에서 10분 후 0.03까지 낮출 수 있었다.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.135-150
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• 2020

Many industries, such as textiles, chemical refineries, leather, plastics and paper, use different dyes in various process steps. At the same time, these industrial sectors are responsible for discharging contaminants that are harmful and toxic to humans and microorganisms by introducing synthetic dyes into wastewater. Of these dyes, methylene blue dye, which is classified as basic dyes, is accepted as a model dye. For this reason, methylene blue dye was selected in the study and its removal from the water was studied. In this study, two efficient biosorbents were developed from chitosan and sunflower waste, an agro-industrial waste and modified using iron nanoparticles. The biosorption efficiency was evaluated for methylene blue (MB) dye removal from aqueous solution under various parameters such as treating agent, solution pH, biosorbent dosage, contact time, initial dye concentration and temperature. We investigated the kinetic properties of dye removal from water for Chitosan-Sunflower (CS), Chitosan-Sunflower-Nanoiron (CSN). When the wavelength of MB dye was spectrophotometrically scanned, the maximum absorbance was determined as 660 nm. For the core shell biosorbents we obtained, we found that the optimum time for removal of MB from wastewater was 60 min. The pH of the best pH was determined as 5 in the studied pH. The most suitable temperature for the experiment was determined as 30℃. SEM-EDAX, TEM, XRD, and FTIR techniques were used to characterize biosorbents produced and modified in the experimental stage and to monitor the change of biosorbent after dye removal. The interactions of the paint with the surface used for removal were explained by these techniques. It was calculated that 80% of CS and 88% of CSN removed MB in optimum conditions. Also, the absorption of MB dye onto the surface was investigated by Langmiur and Frendlinch isotherms and it was determined from the results that the removal was more compatible with Langmiur isotherm.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.224-228
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• 2005

This paper focuses on the application of a novel mathematical limit approach derived for K/S values in reactive dyeing of cotton fabrics. The relation obtained from Kubelka-Munk equation is used because the Kubelka-Munk equation is the basic relationship among fabric reflectance, fabric dye content and dyestuff characteristics. The limit approach derived in a former paper is applied to the laboratory dyeings and the dyeing behavior of some reactive dyes on cotton knitted fabric has been obtained. The results of the laboratory experiments are discussed using the new mathematical approach. When the actual K/S values obtained from the dyeings and the calculated K/S values derived by the limit approach are considered independently, it is observed that the limit relation is val id for low dye concentration applications. When the K/S values are calculated taking the K/S value of the initial dyeing concentration $(0.1\;\%\;owf)$ as the starting concentration by applying the result of the derived limit approach, the calculated K/S values fit with the ones obtained in actual dyeings. It is concluded that the novel approach presented in the paper can be used in calculating the K/S values when the initial dyeings at low dye concentrations are carefully carried out.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2015

Optical modeling and characterization of transparent dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC) are presented to design and estimate DSC devices numerically. In order to model the inhomogeneous active layer of DSC, the porous structure of titanium oxide ($TiO_2$) and dye mixture, we prepared films consisting of layer by layer of the DSC's basic materials sequentially, and characterized the optical parameters of the films with the effective refractive index, which was extracted from the transmittance and reflectance measurements in ultra violet to near infra-red range. By using the effective refractive index, we made the optical model for DSC, and demonstrated that the optical model based on effective refractive index can be used to design and evaluate the performance of transparent-type DSC modules.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.26-33
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• 1996

The berberine from Amur cork tree is natural yellow dye and can be extracted more easily by water. The berberine is basic dye and was extracted at 90-95$^{\circ}C$. We have obtained the following results; 1. K/S value in the abstract of dye was increased by time-elapsing, but the reasonable time was between 90-120min. 2. The reasonable weight of Amur cork tree in the abstract of dye was between 10-20 g/L. 3. We obtained various colors in case of using mordants. ―In case of 10g/L and 20g/l, the reasonable value of mordant was 5-10%(owf). and in case of using tannic acid and $FeSO_{4}$ we could obtain high K/S value. 4. &{\lambda}_{max}& of UV spectra was shown 420nm. 5. Genarally fastness of drycleaning indicated more than grade 4. but it of perspiration was more stable in acid than alkali.