• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2023년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
• /
• pp.167-168
• /
• 2023

Construction of reinforced concrete structures required massive amounts of concrete and steel rebar. The current procedure to estimate the quantity of rebar requires tedious and time-consuming manual labor. Consequently, this circumstance made the engineers vulnerable to error and mistake, which led to the rebar waste. No system that is capable of automatically calculating rebar length has yet been developed Thus, this study proposes a preliminary investigation of automatic rebar length estimation of beam element by using BIM-based shape codes drawn in Revit. Beam is chosen due to its complexity in the rebar arrangement. In addition, the development of this study could assist engineers on the construction site and effectively contribute to the minimization of rebar waste in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• 제37권7호
• /
• pp.17-27
• /
• 1999

According to the design method for constructing the Korean Men's Jo-go-ri(the traditional Korean jacket)collar, there are differences in form after its completion. In the construction design of the midsection of the gusset as in that of the basic pattern Jo-go-ri, not only was the positioning of the two sides of the collar not smooth, but also, when the collar strip(Dongjung) was attached, there would be an imbalance on one side or the other so that it was difficult to achieve symmetry. Therefore in this project, by applying the pattern design of the gusset midsection to that of the collar midsection, not only did attaching the collar(Kit) and the collar strip create a visual effect by equalizing the lengths of the two sides, but the construction was also easy. This method of construction introduces the three-dimensional aspect of the human form in its conic, spherical and cylindrical aspects, so that, through schematizing the scientific character of Korea's clothing, its appropriateness is verified. As a matter of fact, since there is no standardization of pattern whether for educational use or for mass-produced clothing, so that even the patterns used in computer-assisted design are executed according to the designer's personal skill, the reality is that after completion of construction the quality has not been uniform. For this schematization, inverse calculation of measurements pertaining to the calculation formula and of teaching materials has been referenced. In particular, the partial regulation of the calculation formula pertaining to the basic pattern construction, the method of making the collar midsection, and the construction method of the extreme and mean ratio adjustment, can be adjusted for all measurements, thereby providing the establishment of a design criterion and the possibility of the standardization of construction methods. The production method for the basic pattern design is as follows: 1) The conic angle for the Jo-go-ri's girth, length end neck width is fixed at 70(72) degree. 2) The radius of the cone is sleeve length. 3) The bust girth calculation formula is B/4 + 2.5 cm. 4) The armhole formula is B/4 + 2.5cm. 5) The neck width formula is B/10. 6) The ratio of the collar junction{width of collar(Kit) + width of collar strip(Dongjung) to the gusset length is 5:8. 7) The length of the side seam is a length intersecting the armhole line and the conic radius of sleeve length, that is an arc that exceeds the length of the Jo-go-ri's midsection.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.67-72
• /
• 2009

The flux cored arc welding (FCAW) process is one of the most frequently employed and important welding process due to high productivity and excellent workability. The process is performed either as an automated process or as a semi-automatic process. In FCAW process, welding voltage has been considered as a qualitative indication of arc length. But it is necessary to let welding operators know, maintain and manage the arc length directly by estimating and displaying it. In this study, to develop arc length estimation technique, we measured a welding circuit resistance($R_sc$) and then we calculated welding circuit voltage drop($V_sc$). Also, we measured arc peak voltage($V_ap$). By subtracting $V_sc$ from $V_arc$, we can easily calculate net arc voltage drop($V_arc$). Consequently, we suggested arc length estimating equation and basic algorithm by regressive analyzing the relationship between net arc voltage drop($V_arc$) and real arc length(Larc) measured by high speed camera. Therefore, arc length can be predicted by just monitoring welding current and voltage.

• Development and Reproduction
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.307-316
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study is to observe the early life history of Korean Lefua costata and use the result as basic taxonomic research data for balitorid fish. The fertilized eggs were light green color with completely circle shape and mean size was 1.21±0.06 mm (n=30). Immediately after hatching, the size of the larvae was 2.81±0.11 mm (n=5) in mean length, with egg yolk. On the 3rd day after hatching, the preflexion larvae had a mean length of 4.64±0.09 mm (n=5), and their mouth was opened to start feeding. On the 8th day after hatching, a mean length of the postflexion larvae was 9.43±0.46 mm (n=5), the distal part of the notochord was bent to 45°, and 16 fin rays were developed on the caudal fin. On the 31st day after hatching, a mean length of juveniles was 22.3±0.85 mm (n=5), and the number of fin rays was the same as that of adult fish with (iv8) dorsal fins and (iii8) anal fins.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.434-442
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study was to develop the beautiful basic bodice pattern that satisfied both functionality and aesthetics on the basis of the change in the figure and length of surface body for each movement through a three-dimensional development figure of surface body for young women (aged between 18 and 24) who were very sensitive to fitness of clothes. Existing three basic bodice patterns (Yim wonja-, ESMOD-, and FIT-types) were selected and then compared and analyzed in terms of drawing methods and the wearing test was carried out by a sensory test in order to design an experimental prototype. The design of study prototype was improved by three wearing test that was correlated with low satisfactory item. And the ease was established by difference of previous direct measurement and body surface measurement.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• 제11권6호
• /
• pp.101-114
• /
• 2007

This research aimed to identify the differences, in terms of the pattern, of using wool and jersey for designing jackets and to provide a theorized solution. The object of this study is development of women's tailored jacket pattern by the traits of fabrics with fabrics those are generally used to develop the power of manufacturing technique about fit of jacket. Basic bodies prototype, graphics of sleeves prototype and graphics of jacket pattern those a clothing company at present(on&on, a brand of Beaucre Merchandising Co.,Ltd) is using were used as basics of tailored jacket pattern. Three kinds of fabric(wool, polyester, jersey) were chosen, we made jackets in the same manufacturing process of the clothing company, modified and made up for the weak points and then we compared and analyzed differences of pattern by the traits of fabrics, the results are as follows: 1) We drafted basic tailored style jacket pattern, made a jacket with wool fabric, made wearing experiment, modified and made up for the weak points by the trend, then developed JacketⅠ for study; 2) With JacketⅠ for study as the basic, we made a jacket with polyester fabric, made wearing experiment, modified and made up for the weak points, then developed Jacket II for study; 3) With JacketⅠ for study as the basic, we made a jacket with jersey fabric, made wearing experiment, modified and made up for the weak points, then developed Jacket III for study; 4) We presented final degree of polymerization of pattern with Jacket I II III for study; 5) We compared and analyzed the differences of pattern with the degree of polymerization of pattern with Jacket I(Wool) for study and Jacket II(Polyester), there was no change of size overall except extra amount which happens because of the trait of the fabric in 20 items of body format pattern, there were differences of size in 3 items(height of a sleeve, width of a sleeve, length of a sleeve) among 5 items of sleeves pattern; 6) We compared and analyzed the differences of pattern with the degree of polymerization of pattern with Jacket I(Wool) for study and Jacket III(Jersey) for study, there were differences of size by the kinds of fabric in 11 items(neck point to shoulder point length, Bishoulder point length, back interscye length, front interscye length, armhole circumference, depth of armhole, chest circumference, bust circumference, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist dart) among 20 items of body format pattern, there were differences of size by the kinds of fabric in 5 items(height of a sleeve, circumference of a sleeve, width of a sleeve, length of a sleeve, width of bottom of a sleeve) among 5 items of sleeves pattern.

• Development and Reproduction
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.63-70
• /
• 2020

This study aimed to investigate early life of Coreoperca herzi living in Han River and compare morphological differences between different groups during the development in order to provide basic data for relevant taxonomic research. On average, one female individual spawned 541 to 861 eggs (average 701) at once. After 259 hours, the tail broke out of the egg membrane and hatching began. Immediately after hatching, the larvae were average 7.81±0.10 mm (n=5) in total length. 60 days the juvenile was average 35.9±1.30 mm (n=5) in total length. The white spots spread to the rest of the body, rending the same pattern as that on the body of their broodstock fish.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2023년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
• /
• pp.21-22
• /
• 2023

In reinforced concrete constructions, reinforcing bar generates more CO₂ per unit weight than other construction materials. In particular, cutting and bending rebar is the main source of rebar waste in the construction industry. Rebar-cutting waste is inevitable during the construction of a reinforced concrete structure since the rebar is not manufactured as designed. Large amounts of waste can be avoided by utilizing optimal cutting patterns and schedules. This research provides a fundamental analysis of the automatic calculation of column rebar length using BIM-based shape codes to minimize cutting waste to near zero. By employing this approach in practice, it is possible to minimize the rate of rebar-cutting waste, reduce costs, shorten construction duration, and reduce CO₂ emissions. In addition, the development of this research will serve as a clue for the development of BIM-based rebar layout automation algorithms.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• 제33권7호
• /
• pp.1109-1120
• /
• 2009

This study develops a fitted torso type basic pattern for men by utilizing 3D body scan data. Recent fashion trends are reflected in the development of the pattern. The subjects were 15 men in their 20's, who wear size 95 (M size). Body scan data was obtained through a 3D whole body scanner (WB4, Cyberware, USA), and a body surface development figure for developing male fitted torso type basic pattern was attained through the use of Rapid Form 2006 as well as Auto CAD 2006 programs. The results are as follows: A body surface development figure through body surface segment method showed high exactitude in an error range of 100$\pm$1%. In addition, it occurred in an error range of 100:1:3% because of the hard scanning conditions in the incline of the shoulder and armpit areas. However, the body surface development figure as well as the direct measurement results can be used as basic data for the given patternmaking since the error range falls into 100$\pm$3%. Dart amounts obtained from the average cross section were center back 2.2cm (24.3%), back armpit point 3.8cm (41.8%), front armpit point 3.0cm (33.9%). As shown the jacket pattern, the biggest dart amount was portioned out at the back armpit point. The drafting equations for the development pattern acquired are as follows; Full width=C/2+5cm, back length=height/4-1cm, armhole depth=(C/10+12cm)+3cm, back width=2C/10+2cm, front width=2C/10. The development pattern was a fitted torso basic pattern that was composed of 3 pieces, so it would be very useful in developing shirt or jacket patterns. According to the results of the evaluation of the developed pattern appearance, it obtained higher scores of over 3.5 points in almost items, meaning that the developed pattern is appropriate for a male fitted torso type basic pattern. It suggests a possibility of patternmaking from a body surface development figure in 2-D to prototype.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• 제16권10호
• /
• pp.479-484
• /
• 2018

This study is an attempt to analyze the changes and morphological analysis of the one length hair style of women in the Imperial Japanese colonial period, and the purpose of this study is to analyze the components of hair design such as shape, texture, and color based on the precedent and the book and to make possible various styles of one length hair style cut. From the results of this study, one length hair style showed the outline shape with no step height of cut length, natural hair texture and natural hair color in 1910s to 1920s. In the 1930s, the one length hair style showed a slight cut length step height and a slight discoloration using a diamond shape, a narrow wave of natural texture, hydrogen peroxide or oxygenated water. In the 1940s, one length hair style did not find any singularity to pursue brilliant beauty(美) in terms of form, texture, and color. This study may enable a deep and detailed follow up study on one length hair style, and will be a cornerstone for the development of basic data of hair beauty education and trend of new mode.